Naming Ionic Compounds

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Naming Ionic Compounds
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Positively charged ions are called
cationsNegatively charged ions are called
anionsThe cation is always named firstThe
anion is always named second
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Cations

• Cations can be positively charged metals or
  polyatomic ions
• Polyatomic ions contain more than one element
• Ex. (NH4)

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• For metals that have more than one possible
  charge the name of the metal is followed by a
  roman numeral representing the charge.
• Ex. Cu Copper (I)
• Cu 2 Copper (II)

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• Common Cations
• Simple Cations
• Common Name Formula Historic Name
• Aluminium Al3
• Calcium Ca2
• Copper(II) Cu2 cupricIron(II)
• Iron(II) Fe2 Ferrous
• Iron(III) Fe3 Ferric
• Magnesium Mg2
• Mercury(II) Hg2 Mercuric
• Potassium K
• Silver Ag
• Sodium Na
• Polyatomic Cations
• Ammonium NH4
• Hydronium H3O2
• Mercury(I) Hg2 mercurous

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Anion

• Anions can be negatively charged elements or
  polyatomic ions
• Polyatomic anions
• Ex. (SO42-)
• Negatively charged elements have the suffix
  -ide
• Ex. Oxide, sulfide, chloride, iodide

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• Polyatomic anions that contain oxygen have the
  suffix -ate or -ite
• The polyatomic ion with more oxygen gets the
  -ate suffix
• The one with less oxygen gets the -ite suffix
• Ex. (SO42-) is called sulfate
• (SO32-) is called sulfite
• Exception (OH-) is called hydroxide

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• Common Anions
• Simple Anions
• Formal NameFormula Alt. Name
• Chloride Cl-
• Fluoride F-
• Oxide O2-
• Oxoanions
• Carbonate CO 3 2-
• Hydrogen carbonate HCO 3 - bicarbonate
• Hydroxide OH-
• Nitrate NO3 -
• Phosphate PO43-
• Sulfate SO42-
• Anions from Organic Acids
• Acetate CH3COO- ethanoate
• Formate HCO 2 - methanoate
• Oxalate C2O42- ethandioate
• Cyanide CN-

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Examples of Compound Names

• NaCl Sodium Chloride
• LiF Lithium Fluoride
• NaOH Sodium Hydroxide
• CaSO4 Calcium Sulfate