6.3 Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas

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6.3 Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas

• Chapter 6
• Chemical Bonds

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What are we going to learn?

• How to write the name and formula of ionic and
  covalently bonded compounds

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Naming Ionic Compounds

• Ionic compound name distinguishes the compound
  from other ionic compounds containing the same
  elements
• Name words (ex calcium chloride)

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• Ionic compound formula describes the ratio of
  the ions in the compound
• Formula numbers of elements (ex CaCl2)

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Binary Compounds

• If a compound is made from only two elements is a
  binary compound
• (Ex salt is a binary compound made of sodium
  and chlorine - sodium chloride)

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Whats in a Name?

• To name a binary compound list the name of the
  cation ( ion) followed by the name of the anion
  (- ion)

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Cations First in Naming

• Cation simply the name of the metal (no changes)
  
• Ex sodium atom and sodium ion

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• This works for groups 1A, 2A and Aluminum
• Group 1A has a 1 charge
• Group 2A has a 2 charge
• Aluminum (Group 3A) has a 3 charge

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• Transition metals with more than one possible
  charge have a different naming strategy
• Name of the ion contains a Roman
  numeral to indicate the charge
• Ex copper (II) ion

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Anions The Followers

• Anion use name of the nonmetal with the suffix
  ide replacing ine
• (ex chlorine atom and chloride ion)
• Nonmetals are on the right side of the periodic
  table
• Ex sodium chloride
• (cation) (anion)

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Formulas

• If you know the name of an ionic compound, you
  can write its chemical formula
• Chemical formula includes chemical symbols of the
  elements and numbers (indicating amounts of each
  element)

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How do you write a formula?

• Write the symbol of the cation first
• Follow with the symbol of the anion
• Use subscripts to show the ratio of the ions in
  the compound

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Polyatomic Ions

• A covalently bonded group of atoms that has a
  positive or negative charge and acts as a unit
• Ex nitrate (NO)3-, sulfate (SO4)2-, phosphate
  (PO4)3-

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Molecular Compounds

• Name and formula of a molecular compound describe
  the type and number of atoms in a molecule of the
  compound
• These elements are usually on the right side of
  the periodic table
• Elements in the compound share electrons

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The molecules in the top row bond by sharing
electrons. The compounds in the bottom row join
in polar covalent bonds.
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Naming a Molecular Compound

• Most metallic element name appears first (most
  left in the periodic table)
• Name of the second element is changed to end in
  the suffix -ide
• Ex carbon dioxide

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• Prefixes indicate amount of atoms in the molecule
• Ex di shows that there are two carbon atoms in
  the molecule

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Molecular Formula

• Write the symbols for the elements in the order
  the elements appear in the name
• Prefixes in the compound name indicate the number
  of atoms of each element in the molecule
• Prefixes appear as subscripts in the formula

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Writing Chemical Formulas for Binary
Compounds Practice

• 1 - Write the symbols for the elements.2 - Look
  up element ion charges and write them as
  superscripts to the right of the elemental
  symbols.3 - Use the correct combination of ions
  to produce a compound with a net charge of zero.
  Multiple ions are indicated with subscripts.
• lithium oxide
• potassium chloride
• calcium oxide
• barium bromide

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Writing Chemical Formulas for Binary
Compounds Practice

• 1 - Write the symbols for the elements.2 - Look
  up element ion charges and write them as
  superscripts to the right of the elemental
  symbols.3 - Use the correct combination of ions
  to produce a compound with a net charge of zero.
  Multiple ions are indicated with subscripts.
• lithium oxide Li2O
• potassium chloride KCl
• calcium oxide CaO
• barium bromide BaBr2

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Writing Chemical Formulas for Binary Compounds
with Polyatomic Ions 

• lithium carbonate
• calcium nitrate
• ammonium sulfide
• sodium sulfate

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Writing Chemical Formulas for Binary Compounds
with Polyatomic Ions 

• lithium carbonate Li2CO3
• calcium nitrate Ca(NO3) 2
• ammonium sulfide (NH4) 2S
• sodium sulfate Na2SO4

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Writing Chemical Formulas for Transition Metals
Practice

• Lead (IV) carbonate
• Copper (II) nitrate
• Iron (III) oxide
• Tin (IV) fluoride

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Writing Chemical Formulas for Transition Metals
Practice

• Lead (IV) carbonate Pb(CO3)2
• Copper (II) nitrate Cu(NO3)2
• Iron (III) oxide Fe2O3
• Tin (IV) fluoride SnF4

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Writing Chemical Names for Transition Metals
Practice

• Fe(NO3)2
• CuF2
• NiS
• FeCl2

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Writing Chemical Names for Transition Metals
Practice

• Fe(NO3)2 iron (II) nitrate
• CuF2 copper (II) fluoride
• NiS nickel (II) sulfide
• FeCl2 iron (II) chloride

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Writing Chemical Formulas Practice

• zinc carbonate
• barium oxide
• cadmium fluoride
• magnesium sulfide
• lithium phosphate

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Writing Chemical Formulas Practice

• zinc carbonate ZnCO3
• barium oxide BaO
• cadmium fluoride CdF2
• magnesium sulfide MgS
• lithium phosphate Li3PO4

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Writing Chemical Names Practice

• FeF2
• FeF3
• Hg2Br2
• HgBr2

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Writing Chemical Names Practice

• FeF2 iron (II) fluoride
• FeF3 iron (III)fluoride
• Hg2Br2 mercury (I) bromide
• HgBr2 mercury (II) bromide

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Writing Chemical Names Practice

• BaSO4
• FeF2
• CuCO3
• CaS
• MgO
• KCl

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Writing Chemical Names Practice

• BaSO4 barium sulfate
• FeF2 iron (II) fluoride
• CuCO3 copper (II) carbonate
• CaS calcium sulfide
• MgO magnesium oxide
• KCl potassium chloride

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• NO
• N2O
• NO2
• N2O5
• N2O3

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• NO nitrogen monoxide
• N2O dinitrogen monoxide
• NO2 nitrogen dioxide
• N2O5 dinitrogen pentoxide
• N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide