Health care in the United Kingdom and Luxembourg

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Health care in the United Kingdom and Luxembourg
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1. Financing of the system
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A. United Kingdom

• NHS, with free access to health care for every
  resident in Britain
• 8 of the population use private health care
• 50 of public expenses used for health care

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A. United Kingdom

• Financing
• 82 general taxes
• 12,2 National Insurance contributions by
  workers
• 2-2,3 non-reimbursed services
• Remaining covered by donations

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B. Luxembourg

• compulsory health insurance in Luxembourg for
  every citizen who is professionally active
• spouse/ and children are automatically covered
• 99 of the population are covered

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B. Luxembourg

• Financing
• 30 workers contribution
• 30 employers contribution
• 40 states contribution

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Health spending related to GDP across OECD 2006
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Health spending per citizen across OECD 2006
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B. Luxembourg

• Management of health insurance collectively
  assumed by
• 9 sickness funds
• Union of sickness funds
• chaired by representatives of the unions, the
  body of employers and the State
• Has to balance its budget

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Practical issue

• In Luxembourg, employers deduct a certain
  percentage of their employees salary to pay the
  health care contribution of the latter directly

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These percentages are

• 8 for pension insurance
• 0,48-5,92 (depending on risk) for accident
  insurance (accidents at or travelling from/to
  work)
• 3,05 for health insurance
• 0,11 for occupational medecine

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2. Health care providers
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A. United Kingdom

• doctors and other health professionals are
  employees of the NHS
• Registration with a GP
• Free access to primary care
• Referral to specialist and hospital care
  (gate-keeper system)

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A. United Kingdom

• Free of charge (with exceptions)
• National and regional planification

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B. Luxembourg

• Free access to any doctor and any speciality
• Compulsory provider compliance with fixed
  fee-for-service, annually negotioated by the
  social partners (union of sickness funds, doctors
  and other medical professionals)

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B. Luxembourg

• conventionnement obligatoire doctors only
  needapproval of their diploma to able to work for
  the welfare system
• No planification possible, no legal means to
  limit the volume of medical activity

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B. Luxembourg

• Physicians are self-employed and work in private
  practices

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3. Efficiency of the Luxembourg health system in
regard to vaccination
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