Blood cells and blood groups

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Blood cells and blood groups
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Erythrocytes (red blood cells)

• Erythrocytes make up approximately 45 of blood.
• Function
• carry oxygen around the body.
• A pigment called haemoglobin combines with the
  oxygen
• Structure
• No nuclei so more oxygen can be carried
• Special biconcave shape to allow more oxygen
  to be carried
• Small-ish in size - much smaller than most other
  cells in the body so oxygen can be picked up
  quickly
• Found
• In the blood
• Produced in the bone marrow

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Leukocytes white blood cells

• Function to defend against disease and destroy
  bacteria viruses
• Types
• Lymphocytes (Cell A) (produces antibodies)
• Granulocytes (Cell B) (phagocyte)
• Monocytes (Cell C) (phagocyte)
• Found
• All over body (can circulate to site of
  infection)
• Produced in the bone marrow

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Platelets

• Also known as thrombocytes
• Function
• Essential role in blood clotting to stop bleeding
• Structure
• Cell fragments
• No nuclei
• Special shape allowing them to clump together

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Answers to questions

• Draw diagrams of the cells found in blood
• Red cells
• Platelets
• White cells
• Explain the job of each of the cell types
• Red cells carries oxygen
• Platelets small bits of cells which are
  involved in forming a clot to stop bleeding
• White cells fight disease. Two types
  lymphocytes and phagocytes.
• Lymphocytes produce antibodies
• Phagocytes digest microbes

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Blood grouping

• The ABO blood grouping system is present in
  humans
• The ABO system of blood groups gives rise to 4
  different blood groups
• Blood group A
• Blood group B
• Blood group AB
• Blood group O
• It is important to know the blood group of a
  person as not all blood groups are compatible
  with each other.

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Rhesus (Rh) factor blood grouping system

• Many people also have a Rhesus factor antigen
  on the red blood cell's surface
• Those who have it are called rhesus positive
  Rh
• Those do not have it are called rhesus negative
  Rh-
• So blood groups are often referred to as O
  negative or A positive etc