Interaction: devices, technologies, and techniques New Interaction Techniques Roope Raisamo rrcs'uta

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Interaction devices, technologies, and
techniquesNew Interaction Techniques Roope
Raisamo (rr_at_cs.uta.fi) Department of Computer
and Information SciencesUniversity of Tampere,
Finland
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Interaction Overview

• Human-Computer Interaction
• Interaction devices
• Interaction technologies
• Interaction techniques
• Examples

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A model of human-computer interaction
MIAMI, 1995
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Input and output
MIAMI, 1995
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Interaction devices

• Interaction devices
• Input devices
• Output devices
• often the both sides are present in the same
  device
• Based on many different ways of sensing the user
  and giving feedback or presenting information to
  the user

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Input devices

• Input devices
• indirect pointing devices
• direct pointing devices
• keyboards
• microphones
• video cameras
• body sensors
• RF tags
• dolls (e.g., Barney)

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Input devices

• Indirect pointing devices
• mice
• trackballs
• trackpoints
• joysticks
• Direct pointing devices
• tablets
• touchscreens
• touchpads

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Input technologies

• Input technologies
• speech recognition
• speaker recognition
• machine vision
• eye tracking
• head tracking
• gesture tracking
• touch sensing
• pressure sensing

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Output devices

• Output devices
• monitors
• earphones
• loudspeakers
• force feedback devices
• haptic devices
• dolls (e.g, Barney)

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Output hardware

• Output processing hardware
• sound cards
• graphics cards
• interface cards
• ...

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Output technologies

• Output technologies
• speech synthesis
• audio-visual speech synthesis (e.g., a talking
  head, an artificial person)
• haptic/tactile feedback
• stereoscopic displays

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Levels of input abstractions

• Foley et al., 1990, pp. 394-395
• Binding level
• hardware primitives are bound to software events
• Sequencing level
• combining data to obtain the complete command,
  special emphasis on the synchronization of input
  events
• Functional level
• what information is needed for each operation on
  the object, how to handle the errors, and what
  the results of an operation are

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Interaction techniques

• Robert Jacob 1993
• An interaction technique represents an
  abstraction of some common class of interactive
  task, for example, choosing one of several
  objects shown on a display screen. Research in
  this area studies the primitive elements of
  human-computer dialogues, which apply across a
  wide variety of individual applications.

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Interaction techniques

• Foley et al. 1990
• An interaction technique is a way of using a
  physical input device to perform a generic task
  in a human-computer dialogue.
• Our definition on this course Raisamo, 2000
• An interaction technique is a way to carry out an
  interactive task. It is defined in the binding,
  sequencing, and functional levels, and is based
  on using a set of input and output devices or
  technologies.

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Examples

• CHI99 Video Proceedings Touch-Sensing Input
  Devices (242)
• UIST98 Video Proceedings Path Drawing in 3D
  Walk Through (530)
• CHI98 Video Proceedings Triangles Tangible
  Interface for Manipulation and Exploration of
  Digital Information Topography (200)
• CHI97 Video Proceedings A GUI Paradigm Using
  Tablets, Two hands, and Transparency (1018)

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Homework (18.1.)

• Read Rob Jacobs article The future of input
  devices, http//www.cs.tufts.edu/jacob/papers/s
  dcr_final_paper.html