Sonic vs. Cup/Vane Data Comparison at the Cooper Nuclear Station

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Sonic vs. Cup/Vane Data Comparison at the Cooper
Nuclear Station

• Jim Holian
• SAIC

NUMUG Meeting St. Louis, MO October 2006
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CNS Meteorological System

• Upgraded 100-meter tower in 2004 to include a
  dual elevator on the same tower face
• Dual monitoring systems with independence from
  sensor to Plant Computer
• Wind Sensors have Cups/Vanes on one side and
  Sonic on the other

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Meteorological Parameters

• Systems A and B
• 10, 60, and 100 meter wind speed and direction
• 3 Delta-ts (60m-10m, 100m-10m, 100m-60m)
• 10, 60, and 100 meter temperatures
• System A only
• 10 meter dew point
• Station Pressure
• Precipitation 

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Meteorological Equipment

• System A
• Climatronics F460 Wind speed and Direction
  Sensors
• Climatronics Temperature Sensors
• Tower Systems Elevator
• Climatronics Dew Point Sensor
• Climatronics Tipping Bucket Rain gauge with Wind
  Shield
• Campbell Scientific 23X Micro Dataloggers
• Climatronics Pressure Sensor

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Meteorological Equipment

• System B
• Met One 50.5 Sonic Wind speed and Direction
  Sensors
• Climatronics Temperature Sensors
• Tower Systems Elevator
• Campbell Scientific 23X Micro Dataloggers

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Purpose

• Independently verify wind data collected from
  both systems are not statistically different
• Data from System A (cup/vane) can be interchanged
  with data from System B (sonic)
• Demonstrate the impact of the tower structure on
  meteorological data

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Data Set

• One year of onsite validated hourly
  meteorological data (October 31, 2004 October
  30, 2005)
• 8784 possible hourly values for each parameter
  for both Systems A and B on the 100-meter tower

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Methodology

• Remove bad data from System A and System B files
  including calibrations, frozen sensors, failed
  sensors, bad data spikes, etc
• Remove wind directions when wind speeds less than
  3 mph and/or wind directions are through tower
• Remove wind speeds when wind directions are
  through tower

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Table 31 Invalid Data for CNS Onsite
Meteorological ProgramOctober 31, 2004 October
30, 2005
Parameter Missing/Bad Data Hours Problem
All Parameters (AB) 3/29 1400 4/1 1200 4/4 0800 4/5 1500 103 Spring Calibration
All Parameters(A System Only) 8/3 0800 8/4 0800 25 Troubleshoot All 3 levels down
All Parameters (AB) 9/26 0900 09/29 1700 81 Fall Calibration
100 Meter Wind Speed (A) 1/3 0700 1/9 1300 2/6 2300 2/9 2100 (B) 1/12 0800 1600 221 9 Frozen Sensor Bad Data-Spike
60 Meter Wind Speed (A)1/3 0700 1/9/ 1300 4/2 0600 8/13 1600 9/28 1900 10/31 2400 (B) 1/21 1900 2100 4153 3 Frozen Sensor/Sensor Failure Bad Data-Spike
10 Meter Wind Speed (A)1/3 0700 1/9 1300 151 Frozen Sensor
100 Meter Wind Direction (B) 1/12 0800 1600 9 Bad Data-Spike
60 Meter Wind Direction (B) 1/21 1900 2100 3 Bad Data-Spike
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• Wind Directions from 195-245 degrees blow through
  tower
• Window is 25 degrees for vane and cup sensors and
  30 degrees for sonic sensor

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Data Availability

• 100- meter wind speed 82
• 60-meter wind speed 87
• 10-meter wind speed 88
• 100-meter wind direction 84
• 60-meter wind direction 45
• 10-meter wind direction 70

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• Results
• Unobstructed with no tower influence

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Wind Speed Averages
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
100-M WS 7433 13.9 12.8 1.4 1.4
60-M WS 7637 11.8 10.3 1.5 1.6
10-M WS 7754 7.8 7.0 0.9 0.9
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Wind Speed Correlation
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
100-M WS 7433 1.4 1.02 0.95 0.98
60-M WS 7637 1.5 1.06 0.84 0.99
10-M WS 7754 0.9 1.01 0.62 0.99
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Wind Direction Averages
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
100-M WD 7375 184 182 2.6 3.0
60-M WD 3970 184 180 3.6 4.0
10-M WD 6148 195 189 6.7 7.0
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Wind Direction Correlation
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
100-M WD 7375 2.6 1.02 0.87 0.99
60-M WD 3970 3.6 1.03 1.30 0.99
10-M WD 6148 6.7 1.02 3.08 0.99
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• Tower Impacts
• Wind Speed and Direction

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• Wind Directions from 195-245 degrees blow through
  tower
• Window is 25 degrees for vane and cup sensors and
  30 degrees for sonic sensor

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100-m Wind Speed AveragesTower Impact
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
100-M WS-A 409 10.0 12.7 -2.7 3.0
100-M WS-B 266 13.4 7.3 6.1 6.1
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100-m Wind Speed Correlation Tower Impact
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
100-M WS-A 409 -2.7 0.64 1.86 0.92
100-M WS-B 266 6.1 1.68 1.11 0.89
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60-m Wind Speed AveragesTower Impact
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
60-M WS-A 364 9.8 10.3 -0.5 1.5
60-M WS-B 285 10.5 6.6 3.9 3.9
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60-m Wind Speed CorrelationTower Impact
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
60-M WS-A 364 -0.5 0.79 1.68 0.94
60-M WS-B 285 3.9 1.60 -0.02 0.97
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10-m Wind Speed AveragesTower Impact
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
10-M WS-A 394 7.7 8.1 -0.4 1.2
10-M WS-B 225 7.1 4.3 2.8 2.8
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10-m Wind Speed CorrelationTower Impact
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
10-M WS-A 394 -0.4 0.80 1.19 0.97
10-M WS-B 225 2.8 1.68 -0.12 0.95
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100-m Wind Direction AveragesTower Impact
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
100-M WD-A 451 203 199 4 4
100-M WD-B 145 240 235 5 5
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100-m Wind Direction CorrelationTower Impact
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
100-M WD-A 451 4 0.96 12.9 0.97
100-M WD-B 145 5 0.90 28.9 0.94
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10-m Wind Direction AveragesTower Impact
Hours A Avg. B Avg. Diff. Abs.
10-M WD-A 402 203 197 6 6
10-M WD-B 80 243 236 7 7
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10-m Wind Direction CorrelationTower Impact
Hours Diff. Slope Y-int. Corr.
10-M WD-A 402 6 0.98 11.2 0.99
10-M WD-B 80 7 1.01 4.0 0.95
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Conclusions

• Outside of Tower wake impacts, Systems A and B
  are statistically the same for WS/WD.
• Outside of Tower wake impacts, all differences
  are small.
• WD small bias likely due to alignment errors
  during calibration.

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Conclusions (contd)

• Cup anemometer records wind speed on average 1mph
  higher than sonic likely due to overspeeding.
• Tower wake has greatest impact on wind speed.
  Differences up to 10 mph seen at wind speeds
  above 25 mph.
• Appears the wind speed tower impact is largest on
  sonic sensors but is it?
• Data from either system are interchangeable

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Conclusions (contd)

• Tower wake has little to no impact on wind
  direction on either vane or sonic sensors.
• Data from either System A (cups/vanes) or System
  B (sonic) are interchangeable outside of tower
  wake. Within wake, data scrutiny is needed
  either manually or with software.