CP from University to Industry, from Industry to University, in the European context

1
CP from University to Industry, from Industry to
University, in the European context

• Workshop on Cleaner Production
• Middle East Technical University
• Department of Environmental Engineering
  Ankara 31 March 2008

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The role of Universities in CP

• Clean technologies in the 80s
• PRISMA, and PREPARE (Preventive Environmental
  Protection Approaches in Europe) Erasmus and
  Amsterdam Universities
• UNEP 1989 Cleaner Production
• Catalonia in Spain, 1991 Guideline for the
  assessment of opportunities in industries
  University of Girona
• UNEP/UNIDO programme

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Cleaner Production basics
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
In CP we were dealing wih processes and
techniques targeting small and medium size
enterprises
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Cleaner Production basics
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Waste
In addition to products we generate by-products
and wastes
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Cleaner Production drivers
Raw material
Product
Inert
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Toxic
Waste
Driving forces/Main worries For policy
definition Identify priorities! Some substances
are toxics
Toxic waste
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Cleaner Production use of tools
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Driving forces/Main worries. Identify
priorities! High volumes/main sources of waste
Apply tools such as Pareto chart
Waste
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Cleaner Production evolution
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Waste
From waste minimization to pollution
prevention Resist to end-of pipe Prevention at
source
End-of-pipe treatment
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Cleaner Production evolution
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Waste
UNEP Cleaner production Prevention optimal use
of resources
End-of-pipe treatment
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C P and ecoefficiency
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Waste
Eco-efficiency in CP Cost analysis Economic
feasibility
End-of-pipe treatment
one way to innovation for Sustainable
Development
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C P methodology development
Raw material
Product
Transform
Pre
Post
By-product
Waste
Cleaner production Methodologies for site
implementation UNIDO CP, MOED,
End-of-pipe treatment
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C P in industry sectors
Sectorial approaches Diffusion, communication
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C P specific opportunities
Attention to Specific issues Water,
Energy/Climate change
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Cleaner Production in products
Cleaner production From process to
product Ecodesign Green chemistry
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Cleaner Production in products
0. Development of a new concept
1. Choice of low impact materials
7.Optimization of system end of cycle
2. Reduction of materials used
6. Optimization of initial life
3. Optimization of production techniques
Alternative techniques
5. Reduction of impact during use
4. Optimal distribution system
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EMS and Cleaner Production
Cleaner production (where to look, how to
improve) vs Environmental Management
Systems EMS, the integral approach ISO 14000, the
formal approach
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BAT and Cleaner Production
Cleaner production (where to look, how to improve
) vs IPPC Best Available Techniques BREF
(where to go, feasibility) (availability?)
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C P and Industrial Ecology
Industrial ecology
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Cleaner Production Recycling
Consumption
Processing
Waste
Recycling
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C P feedback and extension

• Introduction of CP in University curriculum
• Case studies applied in lectures
• Implementation of applied LCA and other tools
• Diffusion