Main Symptoms of Prediabetes

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Information about Prediabetes
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What is Prediabetes
Prediabetes is a condition where your blood
glucose or A1c levels are higher than normal but
not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes.
People with prediabetes are at higher risk of
developing type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The
Centres of Disease Control and Prevention
National Diabetes Statistics Report estimates
that 37 of adults over the age 20 years and more
than 50 of those older than 65 years had
prediabetes in 2009-2012 which translates to
about 86 million adults with prediabetes in
United States. The world wide prevalence of
prediabetes in 2010 was estimated to be 343
million which is nearly 7.8 of the world
population.
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How is prediabetes diagnosed

• Prediabetes can be detected with one of the
  following blood tests-
• Haemoglobin A1c test. This blood test reflects
  the average blood sugar level over the past 3
  months. This is probably the most reliable test
  for diabetes. An A1c of 5.7-6.4 indicates
  prediabetes.
• Fasting blood sugar level. This blood test
  measures blood glucose level in people who have
  not eaten anything for at least 8 hours. Fasting
  glucose levels of 100-125 mg/dL indicate
  prediabetes.
• Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This test is
  done after 8 hours of fasting. The blood is drawn
  2 hours after drinking a sweet liquid. A blood
  glucose level of 140-1 99 mg/dL is diagnostic of
  prediabetes.

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What are the risk factors for prediabetes?

• Family history (parents and siblings) of
  diabetes.
• If you are African American, Hispanic, American
  Indian, Asian American, Alaska native.
• High blood pressure
• Inactive or sedentary lifestyle
• History of gestational diabetes
• If you gave birth to a baby weighing more than 9
  pounds
• People with polycystic ovary syndrome
• HDL cholesterol below 35 mg/dL or triglyceride
  level above 250 mg/dL
• If you have heart disease or history of stroke
• If you have other conditions associated with
  insulin resistance such as obesity or have
  patches on your skin called acanthosis nigricans

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How is prediabetes treated
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Metformin is the only medication that has
consistently shown to be beneficial in preventing
diabetes. It prevents the liver from producing
more glucose when you dont need it and keeps
your blood glucose level in a better range.
Although metformin is not as good as lifestyle
modifications described above, it reduces the
risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 42.
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Weight Loss Surgery
Surgery for weight loss such as gastric bypass,
gastric sleeve, lap band will reduce the risk of
developing diabetes or resolve prediabetes
altogether. Studies have shown that weight loss
surgery may completely normalize the blood sugars
in 78 of people with previous diabetes and in
98 of people with prediabetes.
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