ESATSE Tritium Monitoring

1
Introduction to the Target Technology
Sessions Target fabrication, target injection,
target tracking, target engagement
Presented by Dan Goodin at the HAPL Project
Review Oak Ridge National Laboratory March 21-22,
2006
2
What are our goals, strategy, and focus?

• Long-term goal ? demonstrate methods to fabricate
  and engage 500,000 targets/day for an IFE power
  plant
• Target Fabrication
• Near-term goal meeting all of the target
  specifications
• increasing yield, improving consistency ?
  reducing cost
• The strategy is to focus on baseline target
  (alternates as necessary)
• underlying mechanisms, parametric studies,
  experimentally verify
• Target Engagement
• Goal converge on IFE system design, demonstrate
  proof-of-principle on table-top

3
A standard target design has been proposed...
350MJ-Class Baseline Target Design, J. Perkins,
10/10/05
Thin High Z coating

• DVB Foam capsule
• 4.6 mm OD, 176 ?m wall
• 100 mg/cc, pores
• wall uniformity
• PVP Overcoat
• 5?m
• buckle strength for filling in few hours
• Metal layer
• 800 Å of 50/50 Au/Pd?
• 90 reflectivity in IR
• outer surface finish of 50 nm

CH Overcoat
Foam DT
DT
DT Vapor
2.3 mm
Cryo at 17.3K
? range from 300Å Au to 1200Å Pd or in between
4
Highlights - what you will hear in this session
Poster

• Non-concentricity (NC) yet again improved
• With classic method (diminishing returns?)
• Shear method now giving NCs as low as 5
  (poster with demo)
• Gastight (PVP) overcoat development
• text matrix for 2-layer overcoating approach
• dimensional change studies show direction some
  encouragement for success

5 NC
5
Target highlights continued - cryogenics

• LANL testing of breathing to improve DT ice
  inner smoothness
• Characterization plan for the cryogenic fluidized
  bed
• plus results of several related scoping tests

• Target heating - encouraging results about
  condensation of hot xenon atoms on cold surfaces

Brightband analysis for ice smoothness
6
Highlights continued - injection, tracking,
engagement

• Mechanical injection tests
• lower velocity testing (50 m/s) - best accuracy
  data ever
• magnetic slingshot concept
• methods to further improve accuracy if needed
• Power plant tracking system design and strategies
• uncertainty stackups
• start with simplest approach, add on systems to
  cover contingencies
• Poisson Spot and Doppler table-top demonstrations

7
Highlights - what will you see?

• How much has capsule non-concentricity been
  improved?
• What do foam dimensional change studies say about
  overcoat success?
• How does DT breathing make it smoother?
• Does hot xenon stick on cold surfaces?
• How do you characterize targets in a cryogenic
  fluidized bed?
• How accurate are the best ever target injection
  results?
• What is a magnetic slingshot?
• Are we really converging on a target engagement
  and beamline system?

8

• Backups

9
What is the baseline process?

• Make the foam capsule

• Overcoat the foam

• Deposit a metal layer

sputter coating
micro- encapsulation
polycondensation (wet chemistry)

• Fill the target with DT

5 µm PVP
permeation

• Layer the DT

beta-layering
DVB Foam

• Inject/Track/Steer/Engage