The Nations New Challenges Chapter 2 Section 2

1
The Nations New ChallengesChapter 2 Section 2
2
A Time of Conflict

• 1790s War between France and Great Britain
• U.S. Neutral
• Assisted both nations
• Both Nations stopped and searched trade ships
• Jefferson banned trade with both nations

3
Disastrous Trade Ban

• New England federalist angry
• Increase in Unemployment
• Products went to waste
• 1808 James Madison elected
• Democratic-Republican
• Tried to solve issues with Europe and angry
  Native Americans
• Objected to settlers in the Ohio Valley

4
War Hawks

• Angry Democratic-Republicans in Congress
• Pressured President Madison to declare war with
  Britain
• War Hawks believed that Native Americans were
  allies with Britain

5
The War of 1812

• U.S. Militia weak and poorly trained
• Many states opposed the war
• U.S. failed at invading British 3xs
• At this time Britain was also fighting France
• British burned down Capitol and the Presidents
  mansion in D.C.
• War ended in 1814
• British leaders felt that the war became pricey
  and unnecessary

6
Treaty of Ghent

• December 1814 war ended
• Did not change existing borders
• Before war ended Jefferson had a huge defeat at
  the Battle of New Orleans
• Jackson became a hero

7
Economic Growth

• Began in Great Britain in the mid 1700s
• Industrial Revolution
• Machinery began taking over hand tools producing
  larger outcomes and profits

8
Industrial Revolution

• Arrived in the US in 1800
• New England
• Wealthy Area

9
American Inventors

• Oliver Evans
• Mechanical Flour Mill
• Eli Whitney
• Cotton Gin
• Machine that separates cotton seeds from fiber

10
Agriculture Expands

• 1820s Population is 65 US farmers
• Demand for cotton is up
• Southern Plantation owners used enslaved workers
  to plant, tend, and pick cotton
• 1790 1820
• 3,000 300,000 bails a year

11
Westward Bound

• Population 4 million 1790
• Mostly easterner territory
• Population 10 million 1820
• 2 million living West of Appalachian Mts.
• Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Mississippi, Alabama,
  Missouri were added

12
James Monroe

• 5th President
• Era of Good Feelings
• America developing economically and
  geographically
• Political Unity

13
Sectionalism

• Regional Loyalty
• Americans support regions where they lived
• Conflicts over national policy began to rise

14
Issue

• Slavery
• Southern states approved
• Northern states disapproved

15
Missouri Compromise

• Henry Clay
• Slave or Free State?
• Created a balance between slave stated and free
  state

16
Convention of 1818

• Boundary line between Canada and US
• Americans could settle in Oregon County to the
  Northwest
• See map on page 53

17
Adam-Onis Treaty

• 1819
• Got Florida
• Gave up claims on Spanish Texas
• Set borders between American and Spanish
  possessions in West

18
Monroe Doctrine

• 1823 US would not interfere with any existing
  European colonies in the Americas, it would
  oppose any new ones
• US did not have the military power to enforce