Is There a Link Between Dust and Fish: Examining Factors That Control Primary Production in the Nort

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Is There a Link Between Dust and Fish? Examining
Factors That Control Primary Production in the
North Pacific Ocean   Prof. Paul J. Harrison
(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
The University of Tokyo)   The NE Pacific has
one of the longest open ocean time series,
primarily as a result of the weathership station
at Station P from the 1950s to 1981. In the 1960s
and 70s, the observation that nitrate was never
depleted by phytoplankton in summer, was
explained by extensive zooplankton grazing and
cloudy weather (light limitation). This turned
out to be the wrong explanation because certain
critical measurements were not available. In the
mid 1980s, the late John Martin made the first
relatively uncontaminated measurements of iron
and revealed that iron concentrations were very
low and limited phytoplankton growth. This was a
revolutionary discovery, because up to that
point, we thought that oceanic productivity was
mainly limited by macronutrients such as nitrate
and phosphate and possibly silicate and that
micronutrients or trace elements were less
important. Now there are at least three large
areas of the worlds oceans where nitrate is
never depleted and chlorophyll (phytoplankton
biomass) is low because of iron limitation. The N
Pacific, equatorial Pacific and the Southern
Ocean are referred to High Nitrate, Low
Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions. Dust from the Gobi
Desert in China is an episodic source of iron
that reaches the NE Pacific. An episodic iron
input was simulated in the recent mesoscale iron
enrichment experiment at Stn P and some results
will be presented. Through a series of large
international/Canadian programs such as JGOFS and
SOLAS, our understanding of how iron limitation
influences the ecosystem dynamics of the NE
Pacific is evolving.
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