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US - Life in the 1920s

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US - Life in the 1920s Lifestyles of the 1920s Post - WWI Tensions Republican Leadership during the 1920s Role of Women Women won the right to vote: 19th Amendment ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: US - Life in the 1920s


1
US - Life in the 1920s
  • Lifestyles of the 1920s
  • Post - WWI Tensions
  • Republican Leadership during the 1920s

2
Role of Women
  • Women won the right to vote
  • 19th Amendment, 1920
  • Change in fashion
  • Flappers
  • Short Skirts, short hairdos
  • Lipstick
  • Change in the work place and leisure.

3
Prohibition
  • 1917 - Congress passed the 18th Amendment
  • Ratified in 1919
  • Bootlegging Liquor
  • Speak-Easies
  • 1933 - Congress passed 21st Amendment
  • Ending Prohibition.

4
Sports
  • Becomes a big Business/Entertainment
  • Heros
  • Baseball Babe Ruth Ty Cobb
  • College Football
  • Boxing Joe Dempsey

5
Consumer Habits
  • Industrial improvements of the 1920s focused on
    consumer goods
  • Ice boxes, Autos, radios
  • Supermarkets were introduced
  • Invention of cellophane

6
Movies Film
Douglas Fairbanks
Lillian Gish
  • Motion Picture was a popular past time
  • Movie stars as celebrities grew.
  • Movie studios began to market films to publics
    choice
  • Miss America pageant
  • Atlantic City, 1921

Clara Bow
Mary Pickford
7
The Jazz Singer
  • 1927 musical film. 1st full length feature motion
    picture, using synchronized dialogue.
  • Talkies film.

8
New Transportation
  • 1920 - 9 million registered autos
  • 1930 - 27 million registered autos
  • Tripled
  • 1920 - 387,000 miles of roads
  • 1929 - 662,000 miles of roads
  • Doubled
  • 2009 - 6.1 Million miles
  • Henry Ford the assembly line production
  • Auto industry employed 3.7 million people in 1929.

9
Air Travel
  • 1927, First Trans-Atlantic Air Flight.
  • Within 1 year, air travel grew 4x.
  • May 12, 1927. Flew from San Diego, CA to Long
    Island, NY (22 hours)
  • May 20, 1927 Flew from Long Island, NY USA to
    Paris, France. (38 hours)

Charles Lindbergh, 25 years old
10
US - Life in the 1920s
  • Lifestyles of the 1920s
  • Post- WWI Tensions
  • Republican Leadership during the 1920s

11
End of WWI Victory Parade
  • WWI ends November, 1918
  • US Celebrates the victory with parades in NYC.
  • 4 million soldiers return home from being
    mobilized in the war

12
Strikes Labor Unrest
  • Strikes - workers refusal to work unless their
    demands are met.
  • Prices rose quickly, wages much more slowly
  • Unsafe, unfair business practices
  • 1919 - 4 million workers went on strike.
  • Famous strikes
  • Boston Police Strike, 1919
  • No. Indiana Steelworkers, 1919
  • United Mine Workers Coal Mine Strike, 1919

13
Red Summer of 1919
  • 1920, Car bombing, Wall Street, NYC
  • Strikers were subject to hysteria, prone to begin
    riots.
  • Fearful of pro socialist/communist actions
    against the American capitalist market system.
  • Fearful of south eastern European immigrants.

14
Attorney GeneralA. Mitchell Palmer
  • Appointed by President Woodrow Wilson.
  • Responsible for the US 1st Red Scare.
  • Palmer raids - rounded up Soviet immigrants,
    deported or detained them. Acts of government
    repression.
  • ACLU founded by U. Sinclair Jane Adams.
  • Provided legal assistance to victims of Palmers
    tactics.

15
Red Scare
  • Patriotic Americans saw a Red agitator behind
    union organizers and every labor protest.
  • Anti Immigrant feelings were at an all time high.

16
N. Vanetti B. Sacco
  • April 1920 - a robbery at a factory in So.
    Braintree, MA,
  • Resulted in two deaths
  • 3 weeks later, these 2 Italian immigrants were
    arrested.
  • Known Anarchists and protesters of the Palmer
    Raids.
  • Convicted based upon contradictory evidence and
    testimony.
  • Honorable W. Thayer sentenced the accused to
    death.
  • Mass American and foreign protest did not change
    the verdict.
  • Executed on Aug. 23, 1927
  • Claim - innocent victims of the Red Scare.

17
Marcus Garvey
  • Leader of African Americans in 1920s.
  • Struggle for Black Identity
  • Back to Africa movement hoped to take blacks
    back to Africa return with imports/products to
    trade with in the US markets.
  • His leadership resulted in a growing spirit of
    race consciousness and race pride.

18
Ku Klux Klan in Washington D.C.
  • 1925 - KKK march down Pennsylvania Ave.
  • 40,000 man in attendance
  • Nativists - white Protestant men.
  • Intolerant, Spread hate, Anti- immigrant
    (foreigners in general), black, Jew, Catholic.
  • 1921 1924 - influenced Congress to pass
    legislation limiting immigration into the US.

19
Clarence Darrow Scopes trial
  • July, 1925. Dayton, Tennessee
  • John Scopes was arrested and tried for teaching
    the theory of evolution.
  • Scientific theory of C. Darwin, cited by
    traditionalists as destroying faith in the Bible.
  • ACLU hired C. Darrow, most famous attorney of the
    day, to defend Scopes. Took the case without
    pay.
  • So called monkey trial

20
US - Life in the 1920s
  • Lifestyles of the 1920s
  • Postwar Tensions
  • Republican Leadership during the 1920s

21
Republican Leadership in the White House
  • With Warren G. Hardings inauguration in 1920,
    began 12 years of Republican leadership in the
    Capitol.
  • Presidents Harding, Coolidge Hoover
  • Examine their tenure in office and the issues the
    US faced during this era.

Harding
Coolidige
Hoover
22
Albert B. Fall, Secretary of Interior
  • President Hardings Cabinet was subjected to
    mismanagement corruption.
  • Most infamous case
  • Teapot Dome Scandal
  • 1921 - Albert B. Fall gained control of
    government oil fields secretly leased them to
    private oil companies
  • Teapot Dome, Wyoming
  • 125k Hundreds of cattle were give in the form
    of a bribe.
  • Conviction, 1 year in jail sentence.

23
Vice President Coolidge swearing in.
  • Warren G. Harding died August 2nd, 1923.
  • Harding was ill from eating tainted crabs while
    on a trip to Alaska California.
  • He was also suffering from bronchial pneumonia.
  • Calvin Coolidge, Hardings VP was sworn into
    office on a farm in Vermont, by his father, a
    notary public at 230 am, August 3, 1923.
  • He was resworn the next day in Washington D.C. by
    a Supreme Court Justice.
  • He was on vacation with family during the summer
    of 1923.

24
President Coolidges Cabinet
  • President Coolidge kept most of the Harding
    Cabinet once he sworn is as President.
  • Secretary of Treasury Andrew Mellon
  • Secretary of State Charles Evan Hughes
  • Main New appointee Attorney General Harlan
    Fiske Stome.
  • Stowe was tasked with weeding out the Ohio Gang

25
President Coolidge family
  • President Coolidge was a devote family man.
  • Enjoyed spending time with family vs. time with
    political leaders from around the country the
    world.
  • Averaged a 4-hour work day.
  • He was one not to indulge in the extravagance of
    the 1920s lifestyle.
  • He was Pro business, as the US economy improved,
    Coolidge advocated more more that government
    should be guided by business principles
    practices.

26
Coolidge, Mellon Hoover
  • Political cartoons like this depicted Coolidges
    opinion on running for reelection in the 1928
    election.
  • Coolidge refused the Republican partys
    nomination for President.
  • Opened the way for Herbert Hoover.
  • 1924 - Keep it Cool with Coolidge
  • Election of Coolidge, here with Secretary of
    Treasury Mellon Secretary of Commerce, Hoover.
  • All 3 men were pro business.
  • Industrial output DOUBLED during period 1921 -
    1929
  • Silent government/laissez-faire in its approach
    to US business.

27
Herbert Hoover
  • Hoover campaigning in NYC at the Metropolis.
  • Self-made millionaire by 40
  • Standford University graduate.
  • Rugged individualism was his philosophy.
  • Through Hard work diligence, the American Dream
    could be possible.
  • Personified the Republican party base.
  • Midwestern, small-town Protestant white American
    voters.
  • Personal Political views included
  • Conservative
  • Pro-business
  • Advocate of small federal government
  • Belief in the individual

28
1928 Herbert Hoover vs. Alfred E. Smith
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