Title: Herpetoviridae - Herpes Simplex Virus - Herpes Zoster - Cytomegalovirus - Epstein Barr Virus
1- Influenza A, B, C viruses
- ? Klasifikasi, Struktur, Genom, Kultur dan Sifat
Virus - - Famili Orthomyxoviridae
- Influenza A virus tdd subtipe 15 HA
dan 9 NA - ( outbreaks in humans
H1-3 dan N1-2 ) - - Virion berbentuk spheris, tdd
- a. Segmented, minus strand RNA
- b. Helically coiled nucleocapsid
- c. Enveloped (hemagglutininneuraminidase
glycoprotein spikes)
1
2- Genom 13000-15000 nt, tdd 7-8 segmen
(reassortment !) menyandi 10-11 macam protein. - Influenza C virus gen NA ?
- Dapat dikultur pada a.l. monkey kidney cells
- Host Influenza A virus wild avian, humans,
swine, horses - Influenza B C virus humans
-
swine, dogs, cats, horse - Inaktivasi dgn radiasi ionisasi, pH lt5/gt9,
gt50?C, - deterjen, drying
3 ? Epidemiologi - Worldwide outbreak
tiap tahun pandemik Influenza A virus
H1N1 (swine) 1918, H2N2 (Asian) 1957,
H3N2 (Hongkong) 1968, H5N1 (chicken/bird) 1997
1947 WHO surveillance program
- Influenza A virus gt avian epidemik
influenza (peran swine)
non human human (reassortment!)
Influenza B C virus milder disease
winter outbreaks
- Seasonal winter / spring (temperate)
rainy (tropic) (Influenza C virus non
seasonal)
3
4 - Low mortality ( lower respiratory/
cardiovascular disease) - Transmisi by
airborne droplets (orang ke orang, zoonotik)
- Sering reinfeksi - Infeksi nosokomial
(Influenza A virus gtgt)
? Manifestasi Klinis - Gejala/sindroma
influenza (all age groups) - Komplikasi
sering ( otitis media/sinusitis, bronchitis,
croup, pneumonia, CNS, myocarditis, gagal
ginjal akut)
5- ? Diagnosis Lab
- - Isolasi virus dari sputum, usap
hidung/tenggorok, - nasal aspirate/washing (kultur sel)
deteksi CPE - - Deteksi asam nukleat (RT-PCR)
- - Uji serologis deteksi ag ab (IF, RIA,
EIA)
- ? Prevensi (vaksin, isolasi penderita di RS,
antiviral) - ? Terapi (simtomatik dan antiviral)
5
6- Parainfluenza virus
- ? Klasifikasi, Struktur, Genom dan Kultur Virus
- - Genus Paramyxovirus, Famili Paramyxoviridae
- PIV tipe 1, tipe 2, tipe 3, tipe 4
- - Virion berbentuk pleomorfik
(spheris/filamentous) tdd - a. Single stranded of negative sense RNA
- b. Helical nucleocapsid
- c. Envelope (spike-like glycoproteins
lipid from host cell) - - Genom tdd 15500 nt yg mengkode ? 6 VP
(Hhemaglutinin, - N
Neuraminidase) ? 1 NSP
- - Dapat dikultur pada monkey kidney cells
7- ? Epidemiologi
- - Worldwide (early childhood)
- mortalitas pneumonia (anak lt5 tahun)
di neg. berkembang - - PIV tipe 1 epidemik croup ( autumn)
- 2 PIV tipe 1 (gt ringan)
- 3 least predictable (late
winter spring) - daerah tropis/subtropis musim hujan
- - Transmisi droplet (port dentry
hidung dan mata) - - Host range humans.
- - Faktor inang usia dan imunodefisiensi
- - Sering terjadi reinfeksi (PIV tipe 3)
- - Infeksi nosokomial (PIV tipe 3)
8- ? Manifestasi Klinis
- - infeksi sal. napas atas croup
(laringotrakheobronchitis) - dan infeksi sal. napas bawah
- - Komplikasi otitis media, pneumonia
bakterial - ? Diagnosis Lab
- - Spesimen nasal wash/ nasal aspirate
- Isolasi virus dan deteksi CPE dan
hemadsorpsi - - Deteksi ag dan ab (ELISA, CFT)
- - Deteksi asam nukleat (RT-PCR)
9 ? Prevensi (vaksin PIV tipe 3,
cuci tangan, glove-goggle-masker) ?
Terapi (suportif, no licensed antiviral)
10Mumps virus ? Klasifikasi, Struktur, Genom
Kultur Virus - Genus Rubulavirus, Famili
Paramyxoviridae - Virion berbentuk
pleomorfik (irregularly spherical), tdd
a. Linear, ss negative-sense RNA, non segmented
b. Helically coiled nucleocapsid c.
Envelope tdd glycoprotein spikes, lipid
bilayer,
inner structural matrix protein
11 - Genom tdd 15300 nt yang mengkode 7 protein
utama
(N, P, M, F, SH, HN, L) - Dapat dikultur
pada a.l. Vero cells, HeLa cells,
human embryonic
kidney cells
- ? Epidemiologi
- - Worldwide (gt school-aged children 5-9
years old) - - Lifelong immunity
- - Transmisi airborne/ droplet sekresi
respiratorius - - Highly contagious, namun jarang fatal
- - Human the only known natural host
12? Manifestasi Klinis - Parotitis dan
meningitis aseptik-ensefalitis - Komplikasi
gonadal infections, polyarthritis, myocarditis,
dll
- ? Diagnosis Laboratoris
- - Spesimen saliva
- - Isolasi virus (kultur)
- - Deteksi as. nukleat (PCR)
- - Uji serologis (CFT, ELISA) deteksi ab
- ? Prevensi (vaksin MMR)
- ? Terapi (Simtomatik)
13- Measles/Rubeola virus
- ? Klasifikasi, Struktur, Genom Kultur Virus
- - Genus Morbillivirus, Famili Paramyxoviridae
- (!! tak memiliki aktivitas neuraminidase)
- Measles virus hanya memiliki 1 serotipe
- tdd ? 15 genotipe
( sekuens gen H N) - - Virion berbentuk spheris, tdd
- a. Linear ss, non segmented negative sense
RNA - b. Helical nucleocapsid
- c. Envelope (lipid bilayer) carries
surface projections -
13
14- - Genom tdd 15900 nt yg menyandi protein N, P,
M, F, H, L. - - Host only humans
- - Dapat dikultur pada human monkey kidney
cells - - Inaktivasi pH lt4.5, panas, ether/acetone,
deterjen, - drying, sinar matahari
? Epidemiologi - Worldwide , endemik (gt
anak-anak) - Seasonal late winter early
spring (temperate)
hot/dry season (tropics) - Transmisi via
droplet sekresi respiratorius (periode katharal!)
15 - The most contagious infections of humans,
no latent/persistent infections, no
animal reservoirs - Morbiditas mortalitas
infants, elderly adults,
low socioeconomic
status people - Lifelong immunity -
Reinfeksi hampir selalu asimtomatik.
- ? Manifestasi Klinis (? mukosa respiratorius)
- - Prodromal (demam, malaise) ? gejala
katarhal coryza, - conjunctivitis, sneezing, cough ? Kopliks
spot ? rash. - - Komplikasi otitis media, diare,
pneumonia, ensefalitis.
15
16- ? Diagnosis
- - Berdasar klinis
- - Laboratoris - Spesimen sekresi
respiratorius, swab nasofaring/ -
conjunctiva, , PBMC, urin - Isolasi virus
(kultur) deteksi CPE - - Uji serologis
deteksi ag ab (IF, CFT, EIA) - - Deteksi asam
nukleat (RT-PCR) - ? Prevensi (vaksin MMR, IG, isolasi penderita di
RS) - ? Terapi (simtomatik, vitamin A, terapi
komplikasi)
16
17SARS-Coronavirus ? Klasifikasi, Struktur , Genom
dan Sifat Virus - Termasuk dalam
Coronoviridae Coronavirus tdd 4 grup
I (a.l. canine, feline, porcine,
human coronavirus 229E), II (a.l.
bovine, murine, rat, human coronavirus OC43),
III (only avian virus), IV
(SARS-Coronavirus ?)
18 - Virion berbentuk pleomorfik, tdd
a. Single stranded positive-sense RNA b.
Membrane-bound (covered with a distinctive fringe
of widely spaced, club-shaped surface
projections)
19 - Genom tdd 27-32 kb Protein
struktural (S, E, M, N) Protein non
struktural (replicase polyprotein) - Host
hewan (?) dan manusia Dapat eksis di luar
tubuh manusia - Human coronavirus sulit
dapat dikultur dgn baik - Lebih stabil
daripada human Coronavirus lain Inaktivasi
ether dan kloroform, suhu 56?C
20? Epidemiologi - Infeksi saluran
respiratorius bawah akut - Hongkong,
Vietnam, Taiwan, Singapura - Transmisi
lewat droplet respiratorius,
lewat kontak langsung dan tidak langsung
pasar hewan ?? - Moderately
transmissible
- ? Manifestasi Klinis
- - Asimtomatis
- - Simtomatis (SARS Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome) - demam tinggi, batuk kering, napas pendek
21- ? Diagnosis Laboratoris
- - Spesimen sputum, usap/washing tenggorok,
stool - Isolasi virus
- - Deteksi ab (ELISA)
- - Deteksi asam nukleat (RT-PCR)
- ? Prevensi (masker N95, cuci tangan)
- ? Terapi (antiviral, antibakteri, terapi
simtomatik)