NOAA Underway pCO2 program

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• NOAA Underway pCO2 program
• Largest coordinated UW pCO2 effort to date
• Two funded proposals
• Underway systems on Research ships and Antarctic
  supply vessels
• PI Ship Location
• Takahashi ice breakers GOULD and PALMER
  Antartica
• Feely NOAA ship KAIMI MOANA Eq. Pacific
• Wanninkhof NOAA ship BROWN Atlantic and Eq.
  Pacific
• Cruise ship EXPLORER Caribbean
• Status Currently all ships outfitted and
  operational
• II. Underway systems on VOS ships on high density
  XBT lines
• PIs Bates, Cook, Feely, Millero, Takahashi,
  Wanninkhof
• Lines (in sequence they will be outfitted)
• a. Norfolk-Iceland SKOGAFOSS, Millero and
  Wanninkhof, Spring 2003
• b. Norfolk-Bermuda OLEANDER, Bates, Summer
  2003

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NOAA VOS pCO2 program Atlantic tracks
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• Coordination efforts NOAA VOS UWpCO2 program
• Will support thermosalinographs on XBT lines
  including maintenance and quality control
• Will operate identical instruments on lines
  based on design criteria agreed upon at the
• pCO2 workshop in Miami (see
  www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/pco2)
• All data will be formatted, reduced and quality
  controlled following same procedures
• All data will undergo secondary (regional
  quality) control by Takahashi
• Participants will lead outreach activities and
  provide advice to other groups planning to start
  similar
• activities

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• Outreach activities NOAA VOS UWpCO2 program
• Underway pCO2 systems workshop Miami, October 2
  3, 2002
• Attendees, institutions and E-mail addresses
• Bates, Nick BBSR nick_at_bbsr.edu
• Castle, Robert AOML robert.castle_at_noaa.gov
• Chipman, David Offshore Analytical dkchipman_at_ime.
  net
• Cosca, Cathy PMEL cosca_at_pmel.noaa.gov
• Feely, Richard PMEL feely_at_pmel.noaa.gov
• Friedrich, Gernot MBARI frge_at_mbari.org
• Hiscock, William RSMAS wthiscoc_at_rsmas.miami.edu
• McGillis, Wade WHOI wmcgillis_at_whoi.edu
• Meinig, Chris PMEL Christian.Meinig_at_noaa.gov
• Millero, Frank RSMAS fmillero_at_rsmas.miami.edu
• Mintrop, Ludger Warnemuende ludger.mintrop_at_io-wa
  rnemuende.de
• Neill, Craig CCN consulting cneill_at_telocity.com
• Peltola, Esa AOML esa.peltola_at_noaa.gov
• Pierrot, Denis RSMAS dpierrot_at_rsmas.miami.edu

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• Recommendations of Underway pCO2 systems workshop
  
• The meeting participants will form an ad hoc
  instrumentation group to continue development of
  underway
• pCO2 systems and assist the community in
  building such systems.
• A set of validation/certification procedures
  will be developed that will be suggested as tests
  for
• underway pCO2 systems that will come into
  service.
• The group will provide infrastructure for
  testing new instruments and comparing them with
  units
• in operation.
• Members of the group will perform specific tests
  to assure that the instruments will meet the
  appropriate
• performance characteristics.
• A brochure will be developed to present to VOS
  operators describing purpose and system setup
  (see
• www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/pco2
• Ad Hoc instrumentation group
• Membership to the group is open and is currently
  comprised of workshop attendees.
• Wanninkhof will serve as leader of this group.
• Terms of reference

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Recent results NOAA underway pCO2 program Royal
Caribbean Cruise lines EXPLORER OF THE SEAS
Using observations of partial pressure of CO2 in
surface water (pCO2) along with high resolution
remotely sensed sea surface temperature, color,
and wind we are determining high-resolution
regional air-sea CO2 fluxes. The effort is in
support of NOAA's Global Carbon Cycle Project
which has as major objectives of creating monthly
flux maps over land and ocean, and of determining
the factors influencing the variability in the
flux. Two different cruise tracks are occupied
on alternating weeks
Figures Trend of surface water pCO2 (middle),and
temperature (bottom), along the eastern track of
the Explorer (marked in red in the upper panel.
The region is a sink of CO2 in spring. As waters
heat up during summer (bottom panel)), the pCO2
increases and the region becomes a source of CO2
to the atmosphere.