Urban Renewal in the Context of Integrated Development Strategies

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Urban Renewal in the Context of Integrated
Development Strategies
Andrew Boraine Special Advisor to Minister
Mufamadi
Input to SALGA NGC, 12 November 2002
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NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME

• Eight urban nodes announced February 2001
• Programme designed to promote coordinated service
  delivery across government to improve the lives
  of the poor and enhance the development of
  selected communities
• Lack of strategic framework and national policy
  basis for URP noted

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REVIEW

• Assessment of 8 urban nodes at URF Workshop on
  24-25 October 2002
• National Urban Policy currently under review
  (12-18 months)
• Presentation will focus on a strategic policy
  framework for urban renewal
• Applies to all cities and towns dealing with
  urban renewal, not just 8 nodes

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ALIGNMENT AND INTEGRATION

• Integrated Development Plans (IDPs)
• Intergovernmental and multi-sectoral business
  plans, budgets and programmes
• Economic growth policies and strategies
• Poverty reduction programmes
• City-wide spatial economy
• Policy choices and investment trade offs
• Development Indicators
• Good governance

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Integrated Development Plans

• A participatory approach to integrate economic,
  sectoral, spatial, social, institutional,
  environmental and fiscal strategies in order to
  support the optimal allocation of scarce
  resources between sectors and geographical areas
  and across the population in a manner that
  provides sustainable growth, equity and the
  empowerment of the poor and marginalised Forum
  for Effective Planning and Development 1995

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Integrated Development Plans

• Alignment of urban renewal projects and
  programmes with established IDP process
• Alignment and integration of municipal sectoral
  policies and programmes, based on new priorities
  of Council
• Integration of capital and operating
  (maintenance, management, deployment of human
  resources) budgets
• Mainstream, not add on (total resource management)

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ROLE OF CITIES IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

• Tendency towards economic concentration in large
  urban areas.
• Debordering of national and local economies
• Emergence of global city regions

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THE NEED FOR A CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

• Cities that are externally competitive
  (productive cities), and
• Cities that are internally equitable (inclusive
  cities)

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INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

• Part of a single continuum of planning not
  separate processes
• IDP 3 5 years municipal plan
• CDS 15 20 years city-wide plan

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COMPONANTS OF A CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

• Economic growth strategies
• Poverty reduction strategies
• Multi-sectoral integration
• Inter-governmental alignment
• Spatial integration
• Integration of planning and resources
• Development Indicators
• Good governance

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CONCEPTUALISATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

• Small scale, project
• based community focus
• SMME support
• Public works job creation
• Regulation of informal
• trading
• Incentives, subsidies
• and marketing

• Focus on making existing (and new) firms more
  competitive
• Skills development
• Enterprise networking
• Industrial clusters

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Localisation of Governments microeconomic reform
strategies, and trade and industrial policy.
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ANALYSIS

• Local economic sectors which are
  growing/declining?
• Skills needs per sector
• Skills availability in local labour market
• Where people work, where they live, and how they
  get around (spatial construction of the local
  economy)

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INTERVENTIONS

• Focus on giving people trapped in zones of
  poverty
• New and appropriate skills to participate in the
  economy
• Create access through increased mobility

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IMPLICATIONS

• Intergenerational approach skills development
  does not happen quickly
• Explicit poverty alleviation strategy to
  address current needs of the unemployed/unemployab
  le
• Intergovernmental alignment municipal powers and
  functions insufficient

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SPACIAL INTEGRATION POLICIES

• Apartheid cities and towns
• race space poverty
• high cost, low density sprawl
• mismatch between people and jobs

• Need to integrate investments in housing,
  economic infrastructure and transportation
• Critical for economic growth (more efficient
  urban form) and poverty alleviation (greater
  access)

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VERTICAL INTEGRATION

• Alignment of planning, budgeting, deployment of
  human resources and implementation of all spheres
  of government

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HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION I

• Alignment and integration of sectoral policies
  and programmes, within municipality and within
  government
• Infrastructure (hard) investment and social
  (soft) service investment
• Capital and operating budgets (integration of
  planning and resources)

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• Poverty is more than a lack of income. Poverty
  exists when an individual or a households access
  to income, jobs and/or infrastructure is
  inadequate or sufficiently unequal to prohibit
  full access to opportunities in society. The
  condition of poverty is caused by a combination
  of social, economic, spatial, environmental and
  political factors.

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HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION II

• City/town and municipality are not synonymous
• Focus on public sector interventions as a whole
  within local municipal area
• Explicit partnerships with private sector
• Explicit partnerships with community sector

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INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
COMMUNITY
PRIVATE
MUNICIPAL PROVINCIAL NATIONAL
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TOTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

• Reprioritise capital AND operatry budgets
• Deployment of human resources to areas of
  greatest need essential component of strategy
• Mainstream, not add-on!

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USING INDICATORS

• Measure changes, over time
• Measure performance within and between
  jurisdictions
• Measure imbalances within city growth path
• Tool for strategic planning and policy choice

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POLICY DEVELOPMENT CYCLE
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GOOD GOVERNANCE

• Empowered political and managerial leadership
• Consistent and efficient decision making (trade
  offs between competing interests)
• Clear allocation of powers, duties, functions and
  lines of accountability
• Mutual trust, support and respect between
  political and administrative levels