You are the KingQueen of England and the members of his cabinet' The war against the French and Indi

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With a partner complete the following
You are the King/Queen of England and the
member(s) of his cabinet. The war against the
French and Indians in the colonies has just
ended. Your country (England) is experiencing a
GREAT financial burden. What are you going to
do? BE SPECIFIC!! Remember You were just given
a lot of land from the French and you are in
debt. Write down each step you would take and
why!
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Control and Protest
After the French and Indian War, England was
left with a huge debt.
England also needed to decide what to do with all
the new land they acquired from the French in the
Treaty of Paris.
What are the English to do??
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Pontiacs Rebellion

• Leader of Native American Tribe
• Rebelled against the British
• Destroyed all British forts west of the
  Appalachian Mountains.
• 2,000 colonists killed or captured.

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The Native Americans

• The Native Americans were still posing problems
  for the colonists.
• Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley were
  upset over the colonists coming.

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Proclamation of 1763

• Area West of Appalachian CLOSED to colonists
• Controlled by British military

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• Does Britain have control in America??

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NOOOOO!

• The colonists are moving further west despite
  England telling them no.
• Do the colonists have any reason to listen to
  England??

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How does England feel?? What will happen next??
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Its Tax Time

• What are some of the items England will tax??

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The Person in Charge

• George Grenville? means business
• Appointed the Finance Minister
• Ignored interest of the colonists

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He believed laws should be strictly enforced, and
set out to make sure that taxes were collected.
Writs of assistance general search warrants
allowing them to seek smuggled goods without
swearing out a particular warrant for every
building they enter.
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The Real Deal

• At the time-people living in England were the
  most taxed group.
• The colonists were the wealthiest of the English
  empire..and, were not taxed.

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The Sugar Act

• To raise more income in the colonies.
• Actually cut the tariff on molasses in half.
• Hoping the colonies would buy imported molasses.
• Smuggling was not allowed.
• Smugglers would be tried in British courts-NOT
  colonial courts.

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So, whats the big deal???
British courts had no jury. And the judge
received 5 commission on all illegal cargo fines.
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• England sent over 10,000 soldiers to protect the
  colonists.

• 1765-Parliament passed the Quartering Act. The
  soldiers could stay in your house if they needed
  to and eat your food.

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Stamp Act

• This was a direct tax-a tax paid directly to the
  government rather than being included in the
  price of goods.
• Required that stamps be placed on may articles
  and documents including, wills, playing cards,
  newspaper, dice, almanacs, and licenses.

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• Colonists boycotted this act.
• Colonial merchants signed nonimportation
  agreements-promising not to by British goods
  until Parliament repealed this law.
• Imports from Britain dropped, and under the
  pressure from British merchants, Parliament
  repealed the act in 1766.

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The Townshend Acts

• Placed import duties on tea, paper, glass, and
  paint.
• They repealed the act, except for the tax on tea.
• The tax on tea was kept to show Parliament was
  still in control.

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Representation

• Cry of the time period- no taxation without
  representation
• Patrick Henry- Give me liberty or give me death!

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• The colonists did not understand why they had to
  pay taxes when many of them were not born in
  England, nor did they elect the members to the
  House of Commons.

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• the House of Representatives virtually
  represented the colonists.
• Many other groups of people in England did not
  vote for the House of Commons either.

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The Stamp Act Congress

• A convention that was held among representatives
  of colonial governments to decide on a common
  policy toward the British government.

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• They met in New York in 1765.
• They decided to boycott British made goods.
• Massachusetts sent a letter urging all the
  colonies to participate in the protest.

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Most of the people who opposed British taxes were
from the wealthy merchant and planter classes,
they were supported by others. Other groups that
fueled resistance were shopkeepers, clerks, and
laborers.
These colonists were the driving force behind two
very important resistance groups---The Sons and
Daughters of Liberty.
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The Sons Of Liberty
Carried out their organized resistance by keeping
a watch on shopkeepers suspected of selling
British goods. Threaten tax collectors Parliament
forced to repeal the Stamp Act
However, Parliament passed the Declaratory
Act-which affirmed its rights as the supreme
legislator of the British empire.
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The Daughters of Liberty
Also involved in boycotting British goods.
Gave up on imported clothes, made homespun cloth,
also made tea from local herbs.
One of the most influential members was Mercy
Otis Warren. She published pamphlets supporting
the resistance-however, she had to submit them
under a mans name in order to do so.
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The Boston Massacre

• On the night of March 5, 1770, a crowd of 50 or
  60 men and boys gathered outside the Boston
  Customs House-where British soldiers were.

• The crowd started throwing sticks and rocks at
  these soldiers.

• The British soldiers panicked and started to fire
  into the crowd-5 men died.
• This event, which became known as the Boston
  Massacre, spread quickly through the colonies.
• It became a symbol of British force and tyranny.

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An Uneasy Calm
From 1770-1773 things quieted down-the British
stopped some taxes, while keeping others. As a
result, British imports rose. Acts of violence
would erupt from time to time. However, the
resistance movement remained strong. The
colonists were busy forming organizations and
turning words into actions. Committees of
Correspondence-these committees kept in contact
with each other and helped to keep the resistance
movement going.
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The East India Company and the Boston Tea Party

• The East India Tea Company was in financial
• Parliament granted it a monopoly
• The Governor of Boston-Hutchinson-ordered that
  the ships had to unload their tea.
• On December 16-led by Sam Adams-colonists
  disguised as Mohawks-boarded the ships and threw
  342 chests of tea into the harbor.

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The Boston Tea Party
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The Coercive Acts

• As a result of the Boston Tea Party, Parliament
  passed a series of laws known as the Coercive
  Acts.
• One of the acts closed Bostons Port until
  payment for the tea was made.

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• British officials accused of crimes would be
  tried in British and not American courts.
• British troops could be housed in any town in
  Massachusetts-even private homes.

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• The Massachusetts charter for self-government was
  greatly reduced.
• Colonists considered these acts so harsh that
  they called them the Intolerable Acts.

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The First Continental Congress
The acts gave the colonies a new reason to
unite. 56 delegates met in Philadelphia in
September 1774.
Petitioned the King for relief from the
Intolerable Acts, and vowed to not trade with
England until the acts were repealed. A
Declaration of Rights and Grievances Minutemen
in New England and militia-formed by planters in
the South showed that the dispute between England
and the colonies would be settled by force.
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Lexington and Concord

• Boston-fighting broke out between British and
  American troops.
• Boston occupied by British forces under the
  command of General Thomas Gage.
• April 19, 1775-700 British soldiers were secretly
  sent to destroy military supplies the colonists
  had collected.

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• Paul Revere and William Dawes were sent to alert
  the minutemen.
• 70 Minutemen were waiting at Lexington-the
  British came and the colonists were told to put
  down their weapons.
• A shot was fired-the colonists fled.
• The British went onto Concord and destroyed the
  little gunpowder that was being stored.
• Minutemen were firing at the British troops from
  behind trees, building and stone walls.

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At Concord, 250 British soldiers and 100
Americans died. As news of the events spread the
Massachusetts Committee of Public Safety called
for 30,000 men to volunteer for battle. The
militias headed towards Boston and General Gage
found himself in trouble.
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Common Sense

• By Thomas Paine
• Said it was time to part
• Arms was the only option
• If government wont give you basic rights-time to
  find another government.
• Its only Common Sense.

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Second Continental Congress

• Met in May 1775 in Philadelphia.
• Assumed the powers of a central government.
• Asked colonies for supplies and troops.
• Chose George Washington for Commander in Chief.
• this would help the Southern and Middle colonies
  from thinking that the conflict was New Englands
  war.