QE 107: Workshop Technology Section 5: Manufacturing Organisation

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QE 107 Workshop TechnologySection 5
Manufacturing Organisation

• Asanga Ratnaweera
• Department of Mechanical Engineering
• University of Peradeniya
• Peradeniya

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Manufacturing Organisation

• Manufacture
• To make or process (a raw material) into a
  finished product, especially by a large scale
  industrial operation.
• To make or process (a product), especially with
  industrial machines.
• (Websters dictionary)

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The Manufacturing System

• Identification of the market need
• Identification of the specification of the
  product
• Construction of the prototype
• Identification final specification of material
  and production processes to be used
• identification and production of special tool
  requirements
• planning of production methods
• initialisation of sequences of operation
• working out the plant layout and scheduling of
  work.

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The Manufacturing System

• If all the above steps have been properly
  implemented the product should now be able to be
  made to the customers requirements and product
  should be ready for on-time delivery.
• Throughout the whole process it is essential to
  conduct the quality inspection procedures in
  order to maintain the quality of the product at
  an acceptable level.

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The Manufacturing System
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Manufacturing Sub-systems

• The manufacturing system consists of several
  sub-systems such as
• management system
• production control system
• financial control system and so on.
• The idea of systems within systems is useful to
  control the processes efficiently

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Manufacturing Sub-systems

• Integrating The Effort
• In a factory environment there are a lot of
  people involved in various activities.
• Therefore, subjectivity and emotion are factors
  which highly influence on the output
• the personnel ambitions of individuals,
• the different ways each person sees a situation
• attitude
• beliefs
• personalities
• Therefore, companies structure their organisation
  to minimise the human failings

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Simultaneous Engineering

• Traditional event sequence

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Simultaneous Engineering

• Simplified simultaneous engineering event
  sequence
• It is very important to maintain a good
  understanding about the various activities
  happening in each sub-system

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Management by Objectives

• In an organisation work done by each individual
  should directly contribute towards achieving the
  organisations ultimate goal.
• MBO principles are
• Cascading of organizational goals and objectives,
• Specific objectives for each member,
• Participative decision making,
• Explicit time period, and
• Performance evaluation and feedback

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Management by Objectives
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The Organisation Chart
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Type of Manufacture

• Job Production
• Batch Production
• Mass Production
• Process Production

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Type of Manufacture

• Job Shop
• A facility capable of producing a wide variety of
  products in very small volumes.
• The production facility is general purpose and
• Flexible enough to meet a variety of needs.
• Ex Ship making

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Type of Manufacture

• Job Shop Characteristics
• Wide variety of products
• Small lot sizes (one of a kind)
• Done to customer orders or for finish goods
• General purpose machines
• Skilled workers
• Low productivity
• Functional grouping
• Scheduling and process plan by route sheets

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Type of Manufacture

• Batch Production
• A process that does not have sufficient volume
  from a single product to fully use the facility.
• Common components are made in volume and used to
  form products as needed
• Ex Cars, Pistons, Televisions etc.

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Type of Manufacture

• Batch Process Characteristics
• Functional layout
• Components manufactured in large batches and
  stored
• Complicated scheduling / routing

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Type of Manufacture
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Type of Manufacture
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Type of Manufacture