GIS Planning ToolSystem

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GIS Planning Tool/System Andy Tagg HR
Wallingford Rob Millington Wallingford Software
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Overview of Presentation

• Introduction
• Development of the system methodology
• GIS basics
• Key features
• System description - Rob
• Issues
• The future

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How have we got here?

• Partner meetings/internal brainstorms
• April 03 Workshop to discuss proposals
• Benchmark Report - July 03
• Methodology Report - July 03
• Data/model gathering (SIMCAT, GW model results)
• Development of InfoWorks RS model
• SMURF software development
• Representation of sewer system

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Local Authority (1)Planning application process
30 tests
New GIS layers
Planning application
SMURF
Constraints assessment
GIS
MapInfo
National, regional local planning policies
Consider issues
Access D/B
Potential testing of issues (by other groups)
SMURF
Assess issues
External links
Consultation responses
Recommendation to Planning Committee
Decision
Planning conditions e.g. SUDS
Section 106
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SMURF System
Agency
Council
MapInfo
ArcView ArcGIS
Agency / Severn Trent
SMURF
Severn Trent
MapInfo
WIMS
River model
Sewer model
WISKI
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Expected components

• Demonstration of latest IT techniques (GIS,
  modelling)
• Integration of land use, flood risk, ecological
  and chemical status
• Catchment-wide models
• Assessment of impact of future development
  options (land or river)
• Inclusion of Citizen and Stakeholder views

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Key elements of Proposed SMURF system

• Display of information from different databases
• Simplified catchment routing model (flows,
  levels, water quality)
• Linking of existing river and sewer models
• User interface with DSS (what-if questions)

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Issues

• NO linking to existing live databases
• Planning tool - so fixed data set (updated as
  necessary)
• Must conform to IT standards of Partner
  Organisations
• Demonstration of techniques and approaches,
  rather than marketable product
• Major links to other research/projects (e.g.
  CityNet, PURE, Flood Risk MRC, WFD CIS, EcoFlood,
  Harmoni-CA)

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GIS Concepts
Geographical Information Systems represent
electronic models of the world. They help us to
understand, manage and analyse resources and the
environment.
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GIS Concepts

They combine spatial information (graphical
features used to represent real world objects)
with database information (properties relating to
those objects)
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GIS Concepts
Data can be input from a variety of sources and
in many different formats.

Grids
Images
Tables
N3B3 02/10/96 National Grid OS Newlyn 40 107 -20.3
5638559.622330877.41410.893 -2.75638570.93133
0890.89210.681 -2.75638570.933330890.89410.681
-2.75638570.934330890.89511.481 -2.45638571.1
23330891.12111.481
CAD
Vector files
Photos
Databases
text files
G.I.S.
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Components of the SMURF system

• GIS (land use, river network, monitoring sites,
  DTM, SUDS suitability)
• Data - timeseries (river flows and quality, fish
  numbers, invertebrate scores)
• Models - InfoWorks RS, SIMCAT
• Tools - flow path
• Land use/rainfall-runoff process
• Photographs/textual information

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Key features

• SUDS suitability
• Sewer representation (PDM modelling land use
  layer)
• Add development question
• Flow path tool
• Habitat tools (physical fish)
• Citizen aspirations

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SUDS layer
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Rainfall-runoff processes
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Sewer catchments
50,000 node CS models simplified down to 36 sewer
catchments (9 surface catchments)
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1km2 grid
The land use layer
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Link between PDM parameters and land use
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Add development question
3
1
2
LUP 1 to 3
DS 1 to 3
Change land use parameters
Calculate new runoff parameters
Run model
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Flow path tool (1)
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Flow path tool (2)
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Habitat characteristics
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Fisheries logic rules

• Habitat preferences for coarse fish in British
  rivers - 4 species groups.
• Habitat parameters
• velocity
• depth
• substrate
• suspended solids
• temperature
• dissolved oxygen

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Fisheries logic rules

• Habitat preference defines limits of logic rules

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Citizen information
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Overall software concept

• Capture, display and disseminate catchment
  information for use by stakeholders
• Catchment specialists
• Catchment managers
• Urban planners
• Citizens

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Catchment Manager
Urban Planner
Citizen
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Target software users

• Normal (Catchment managers, Specialists)
• Everyday user, data review, scenario testing
• Expert (Specialists)
• Incorporates new models and data
• External user (Planners, citizens)
• Limited / occasional user - receive outputs

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Software design issues

• GIS functionality
• Existing GIS platforms
• Existing software systems
• Modelling systems
• Architecture
• Single / multi-user

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Multi-user architecture

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Single user architecture
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Core functionality

• Display of existing GIS data
• Data Manager
• Scenario Manager
• Indicator results Display

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Data manager

• All data imported and stored in JET (Access)
  database
• Concept of a superset network, providing data
  connectivity
• Range of viewing tools

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Node/reach superset
GQA1
GQA2
GQA Reaches
SI1
SI2
Sustainability Indicator Reaches
SIM1
Simcat Reach
1
2
3
4
7
5
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River Model Reaches
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Data sources

• ArcView GIS
• MapInfo GIS
• Water quality data (WIMS)
• Water resource data (WISKI)
• Habitat data
• Model results (InfoWorks SIMCAT)

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Scenario manager

• A scenario tests one or more What if questions
• Habitat characteristics
• Add development
• Add new discharge point
• Effluent discharge change
• Pollution event
• Abstraction change
• Add or remove river structure
• Add or remove wetland

• Rule based
• Automatic
• Manual

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Scenario test cases

• Normal year (1992/93)
• Wet year (2000/01)
• Dry year (1995/96)
• Flood events
• Climate change (2020 horizon)

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Integrated models

• InfoWorks RS
• High level deterministic catchment model
• Flows, levels water quality
• Encapsulates InfoWorks CS outputs via PDM
  conceptual model
• SIMCAT
• Stochastic water quality

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Indicators results

• Existing data
• Outputs from integrated models
• Catchment indicators
• GQA grades
• Habitat indicator
• Fish suitability indicator
• Citizen indicator

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Issues/lessons learnt

• Sharing/viewing of data for the whole catchment -
  has to be the way forward
• BUT obtaining/licensing/updating the data can be
  problematic
• Citizen/stakeholder aspirations are important for
  long-term success - how to include as indicators
• Run-times for the water quality model are still
  too long for a planning tool - challenge to
  simplify and reduce
• Current limitations of the science - need for
  better links to ecology

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The future

• Completion of system to agreed specification
  (plus comments from the Workshop)
• User training and delivery of system
• Use of system to select and design SMURF test
  sites
• Demo of system on CD and web site
• Extend and test system for other councils (West
  Midlands and elsewhere in UK)
• Discussion on ways to develop into a generally
  applicable software application