Introductory Paragraph

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Descriptive Paragraph
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What is a descriptive paragraph?

• Describes how something or someone looks or
  feels
• Include how the writer feels, i.e. writers
  impression
• Creates a sensory image on the readers mind.
  That s, it paints a picture with words.
• Descriptive paragraphs let the reader touch,
  taste, see, hear and smell what you are
  describing.
• A successful description uses vivid vocabulary,
  including colorful adjectives and a lot of
  descriptive details.

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We divide Ddescriptive Pparagraphs into 3 types
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Imagery Mental Picture
Imagery is the use of words to create images, or
mental pictures. Imagery helps you picture how
something looks sounds smells
tastes feels
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dark friendly music
soft dry green relaxed
spicy exciting humid sharp
sweetfragrant loud quiet
warm

• Look Sound Smell Feel

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Relaxing at the Beach

• The beach is the perfect place for me. The air
  is hot, but the water is cool and fresh. I enjoy
  swimming and surfing in the ocean. When I am
  tired, I come out and lie on the beach. The sand
  is soft and white. The beach is noisy with
  seagulls and children laughing, but it is a
  pleasant noise. I even like the beach smells. The
  air smells salty from the sea. I feel relaxed and
  peaceful. When I want to relax in summer, I go to
  the beach.

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Adding Specific Details

• General Language
• I bought a car.
• We heard a noise
• Suddenly, I smelled food.
• I bought some furniture

• Specific Language
• I bought a 2005 Japanese Toyota.
• We heard the sound of breaking glass.
• Suddenly, I smelled steak and onion.
• I bought a wooden chair and a set of utensils.

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Activity 1 Adding Specific Details to the
Following

1. Maria found some jewelry in the basement.
2. My friend bought me a book for my birthday.
3. My father enjoyed making things.
4. We always have vegetables with dinner.
5. In the picture, the person is holding something.
6. Our room looked out over some nice views.

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Activity 2 Underline five words or phrases that
could be made more specific, then replace them
with more specific details.

• My Lost Treasure Box
• When I left my hometown, my relative
  gave me a special box. She said I could use the
  box to keep my special treasures. The box was
  made of a special material, and it was painted a
  bright color. When I opened it, it played a
  pretty song. I kept this box on my dresser and I
  used it to store my things. Unfortunately, I lost
  my beautiful box when I moved to a different
  city, but I will always remember it and my
  relative who gave it to me.

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A Horrible Hotel

• _____________________________________
• ___________. The rooms are small, dark and dirty.
  There is no air conditioning in summer, so the
  rooms are very hot. Because there is no heating,
  the rooms are cold in winter. There are no big
  windows,_______________________
• __________________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  _________. That is why I want to warn you not to
  stay in that hotel.

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• SPACE ORDER
• Spatial order shows how people and
  objects are arranged in a space or scene. A
  description can be organized spatially in several
  ways
• From top to bottom,
• Outside to inside,
• Left to right,
• Near to far,
• or the reverse of any of these

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Example
In Mr. Adams classroom we see a lot of
interesting things. To the left of the class, we
see 10 posters in the colors of the rainbow. To
the right of the room is a black radio on top of
the silver file cabinets. In the back, there is a
huge blue curtain hanging on the wall. In front
of the class is a green, rectangular chalkboard.
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My Favorite Café
My favorite place to relax is a small
café down the street from where I live. This café
is on a small side street and as soon as you see
it, you feel like going in. There are three
windows on either side of the door, and each
window has a small window box with brightly
colored flowers. There is a small wooden door
that opens into the café, and as soon as you go
in, you can see a dozen small tables all around
the room. I always like to sit at a small table
in the corner near the front windows. From here,
I can look at the artwork on the walls and at the
pretty green plants hanging from the ceiling.
With a strong cup of coffee and a good book, I
feel very happy and relaxed in my favorite place.

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Prepositions for Descriptive Writing

• in front of / in back of/ behind
• on top of / on the bottom of / next to
• Above / below / underneath

• to the right / to the left
• in the middle of
• around
• between

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My Mothers Kitchen
My mothers kitchen is not very big, but
it is warm and comfortable. ______________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________. Now I live far away,
but I often think about my mothers kitchen.
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My Mothers Kitchen
My mothers kitchen is not very big, but
it is warm and comfortable. My mother cooks a
lot, and her kitchen smells spicy and sweet. On
the left side, there is a nice, small fridge with
some family pictures placed on fridges door. To
the right, there is a small, round table with
four wooden chairs. In the left corner of the
kitchen stands the food cabinet which has my
mothers favourite spices and utensils.
Sometimes my brother and I sat on the chairs
watching my mother cooking. We liked learning new
things, working together, and making delicious
foods. Now I live far away, but I often think
about my mothers kitchen.
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Activity Write a description of a place by
answering some of these questions

• Where is the place?
• How big is it?
• How warm or cold is the place?
• How does the place make you feel?
• What things can you see in the place?
• What colors do you see?
• What sounds do you hear?
• What smell do you find in this place?

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• The Beach in Hawaii
• A beach in Hawaii is like a paradise. To
  start with, the beach smells fresh like a new
  ocean air freshener. The sand is so hot that when
  you walk on it after the sea, you feel like you
  walk on a burning grill. Not far from the shore,
  you can see the palm trees. They sway in the air
  from the strong wind. In a distance, there is a
  beautiful house by the water, so you can see the
  navy blue ocean every day. People are laughing
  and playing on the burning sand, and others are
  relaxing on the beach sunbathing. From a far
  distance the ocean is a deep navy blue. At
  nights, you can only hear the waves of the ocean
  and the light wind which comes from the huge palm
  trees. To sum up, this beach is an amazing place
  for a perfect summer holiday.

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• The Beach in Hawaii
• A beach in Hawaii is like a paradise. To
  start with, the beach smells fresh like a new
  ocean air freshener. The sand is so hot that when
  you walk on it after the sea, you feel like you
  walk on a burning grill. Not far from the shore,
  you can see the palm trees. They sway in the air
  from the strong wind. In a distance, there is a
  beautiful house by the water, so you can see the
  navy blue ocean every day. People are laughing
  and playing on the burning sand, and others are
  relaxing on the beach sunbathing. From a far
  distance the ocean is a deep navy blue. At
  nights, you can only hear the waves of the ocean
  and the light wind which comes from the huge palm
  trees. To sum up, this beach is an amazing place
  for a perfect summer holiday.

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Using Adjectives

• Adjectives are words that describe nouns.
  Writers use adjectives to give readers a more
  complete picture of the people, places and things
  they want to describe.
• Identify the adjectives in the following
  sentences
• I take care of my expensive, old bicycle.
• I am fond of my house plants.
• It has broad green leaves and delicate, white
  flowers.
• I bought a straw hat at a music festival.
• It was not expensive, but I liked it because it
  was practical and attractive.
• I bought my mug at a small tourist shop at the
  airport.

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Using Adjectives

• Change the following sentences by adding two or
  three adjectives
• My umbrella is like an old friend.
• No one understands why I still wear my jeans.
• If I could save one thing from the fire, it would
  be my chair.
• My mother gave me a ring.
• My brother owned a car.

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Ordering Adjectives

• Sometimes we use two or more adjectives together
• My parents live in a nice new house
• A dirty old black cat is wandering the streets
• 1. OPINION Adjectives  
• Adjectives like nice and dirty are opinion
  adjectives. They tell us what you think about
  somebody or something. Opinion adjectives
  usually go before fact adjectives
• 2. FACT Adjectives
• Adjectives like new, old, black are fact
  adjectives. They give us factual information
  about, age and colour.

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Ordering Adjectives

• 2. FACT Adjectives
• Sometimes we use two or more fact adjectives.
  Very often, we put fact adjectives in this order
  
• 1- SIZE         How big ?         large, small,
  tiny, huge
• 2- AGE         How old ?           new, young,
  old, ancient
• 3- SHAPE     What shape ?     square, round,
  rectangular, flat
• 4- COLOUR     What colour ?  blue, pink, yellow,
  crimson
• 5-  ORIGIN     Where from ?      English,
  American, Chinese
• 6- MATERIAL What it is made of ? plastic,
  wooden, glass, wooden
• 7- PURPOSE What it  is used for ?    racing
  car, frying pan, rocking chair 
• Examples
•   An interesting (opinion ) old (2)  book
•   An ugly (opinion) pink (4 ) plastic (6)
  necklace
•   A nice (opinion) small (1) African (5) drum
•   A delicious (opinion) round (3) chocolate (6)
  cake
•   A pair of smart( opinion) brown  (4) leather
  (6) boots
•   A beautiful (opinion) small (1) white (4)
  Chinese (5 ) computer

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Ordering Adjectives
Exercise 1. At home there is (a wooden
beautiful square ) table in the dining room. 2.
I was offered (gold unusual an) ring by my
husband. 3. My grandmother has knitted ( a new
woolen nice) pullover for me. 4. I saw (an
American interesting old) movie with friends at
home. 5. It may rain ! There are (black big )
clouds floating in the air. 6. Last week, I
visited (a little old lovely ) village in a
remote 7. It started to rain so I opened (red
yellow huge a) umbrella 8. John was given (an
black little adorable) cat by his sister. 9. A
(new shiny sports Italian) car was parked
opposite my house. 10. It was such (a sunny
lovely ) day that we decided to go out for a
walk.
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Describing People

• 1. Age twenty-one, a young thirty-five,
  elderly, old, middle-aged, in his mid fifties, in
  her thirties.
• 2. Hair a- color dark, blonde, gray,
• b- length straight, short, long, curly, bald,
  wavy
• 3. Eyes Color blue, dark, brown, green.
  
• Shape large, round, almond-shape
• 4. Height tall, 180 cm, short 155 cm tall,
  average
• 5. Facial features Face smooth, lined,
  wrinkled, thin
• eyebrows bushy
• 6. body thin, fat, chubby, well-built

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Describing People

• 1. Complete the missing parts of the following
  paragraph from the list
•  
• fair, straight, blue, wrinkled, thin, old,
  bushy, round, twenties, 175 cm, sixties, short
  
• Khalil is an _______ man in his mid ________. His
  face is ________ and ________. His hair is
  _________ and graying and his eyebrows are
  _________. Nora, on the other hand, is in her
  late __________. She has ____________ hair, and
  ___________, _________ eyes. She is approximately
  ___________ tall.

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Jack Collins

• Jack Collins is the most amazing person I
  have ever met. He came to my school and talked
  about his difficult life in prison. He was in
  prison for 15 years. He made a lot of mistakes
  when he was young, but now he has changed his
  life. He saw a lot of violence in prison, so he
  uses his experience to help high school students.
  Jack is tall and strong and looks a little scary.
  The thing I remember most is his sensitive
  personality. He really wants to help young
  people. In a word, Ive never anyone like Jack
  before.

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My Best friends Grandfather

• My best friends grandfather tells great
  stories about his life.___________________________
  __ _______________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________. I can learn many
  things from his stories.

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My Best friends Grandfather

• My best friends grandfather tells great
  stories about his life. He is 94 years old, but
  his voice is still strong and clear. He speaks
  quietly and slowly when he tells stories. His
  life was difficult when he was young. His family
  didnt have much money, so he worked hard to
  support them. Even though his life was not easy,
  he is positive and optimistic. I can learn many
  things from his stories.