Uttar Pradesh Bhumi Sudhar Nigam Welcomes the Participants of the IK Distance Learning Course

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Uttar Pradesh Bhumi Sudhar NigamWelcomes the
Participants of the IK Distance Learning Course
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UPSLRP-I

• Out of 329 m ha geographical area of the
  country, around 175 million
• ha is degraded 6.9 m ha. is sodic.
• SCENARIO IN UP
• Salt affected area estimated at 1.2 m ha
• (Source RSAC satellite imagery in 1986 ).
• Sodic lands are owned by small and marginal
  farmers or Gram Samaj
• (Village local body).
• In 1993, U.P. Bhumi Sudhar Nigam started a sodic
  land reclamation
• project with financial assistance from World
  Bank with a target to
• reclaim 45,000 ha sodic lands in ten districts
  of Uttar Pradesh.
• Sodic Land Reclamation Project was planned
  providing flexibility to
• introduce changes based on implementation
  experiences and increased
• community participation.

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Objectives

• The objectives of the project are to
• develop concomitant models for environmental
  protection and improved agricultural production
  through large scale reclamation of sodic lands
• strengthen local institutions, enabling effective
  management of such programme with strong
  beneficiary participation and NGO support
• contribute towards poverty alleviation of
  families managing sodic lands.

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Implementation Methodology

• Major thrust on community participation and
  transparency.
• Beneficiary farmers involved as key stake holders
  right from survey planning, execution ,
  Monitoring Evaluation.
• NGOs also involved as key stake holders for
  motivation , awareness and to ensure farmers
  participation and transparency.
• Capital intensive and work technical in nature
  assigned to line departments and rest of the work
  executed by the farmers themselves under the
  supervision of UPBSN staff.
• Whole package was designed for four years. From
  Day 1 basic strategy revolved around ensuring
  farmer participation in the implementation of the
  project.

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Outputs Outcomes of the Project( Third Eye
View At the time of completion)

• 68,400 ha sodic land reclaimed
• Crop productivity Cropping intensity increased
• Additional irrigation potential created
• Annual household income increased by 53
• Per capita income increased by 163
• Labour migration reduced by 41
• Value of reclaimed land appreciated 3 to 4 times.
• The value of incremental production is Rs 180
  million per annum.
• 2166 SHGs formed mobilizing Rs 15 million and Rs
  20 million added as Bank credit.

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Food Security Peoples Initiatives
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Why ITKs

• Cost effective
• Sustainable (eco-friendly)
• Local resource usage
• Capitalizing on natural resources
• Easily accessible
• Simple technology
• Easy to adopt

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Sodic Land Reclamation Through Bio-Mass

• Paddy straw and water hyacinth are used as
  alternate amendment
• This bio degradable material is spread over a
  moist field and ploughed in.
• Water is added to a height of 10 cm to help in
  decomposition
• The repeated process reclaims the land over a
  period of 2 to 3 years
• The technology has been widely adopted
• UPBSN has recorded reclamation of 714 ha sodic
  lands by 1905 farmers in 679 project villages

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Use of Sand in Place of Flat Fan Nozzle

• Canary grass ( Phalaris minor ) is a major weed
  in wheat crop
• As a selective weedicide Isoproturon was used for
  which a flat fan nozzle is required to spray it
• Resource-poor farmers do not have access to this
  implement
• In Azamgarh district one such farmer evolved an
  indigenous technique of broadcasting weedicide
  after mixing with sand
• Department of Agriculture validated this
  technique and now it is widely used by the
  farmers

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Relay Cropping as a tool to optimize the sowing
time

• Garlic is a major cash crop in Etah Mainpuri
  districts
• Garlic follows paddy crop in rotation
• Usual harvest time of paddy is November which
  delays sowing of garlic which is normally sown in
  October
• Productivity of garlic is affected due to delayed
  sowing
• Farmers of three villages of district Etah
  thought of relay cropping system
• Sowed garlic in standing paddy crop 15-20 days
  before harvest of paddy
• Garlic began to germinate subsequent to harvest
  of paddy
• Recommended dose of fertilizers for Garlic was
  given at the time of first hoeing
• Accrued 3 benefits (i) no pre-irrigation (ii)
  zero tillage and (iii) high yield due to timely
  sowing
• Gaining popularity now

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Mixed cropping to control aphids

• Mustard is a cash crop in Etah Aligarh
  districts
• Mustard is badly affected by Aphids in the month
  of January
• Small and marginal farmers wish to get more
  profit from the same field
• Shishu Pal Singh of Aligarh tested mixed
  cropping of mustard with fenugreek.
• Mixed seasonal cropping gave him additional
  income
• The field remained free from Aphids infestation
  where as near by crops were attacked
• An ITK evolved to control the aphids - Being used
  by a large numbers of farmers

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Alternate Technique of Planting Paddy

• Transplanting of paddy is a labour intensive
  activity
• Ram Abhilash , a farmer of Allahabad district
  noticed a few paddy plants in one of his fields
• Found that this is the result of some pellets
  embedded with paddy grains thrown by his
  children
• He made earthen pellets embedded with paddy
  seeds and sowed them in the field
• Through this experiment he concluded
• 2 to 3 months before sowing ,time, pellets can
  be formed and seeds can be embeded within
• Pellets formation and sowing requires less
  manpower
• Paddy seeds embeded in pellets ( dried) are
  safely stored
• This technique is useful for rain-fed paddy
  cultivation
• Honble President of India awarded the farmer for
  this innovation in the year 2005

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Use of Margossa Leaves in place of Chemicals

• Huge loss occurs in stored food grains due to
  weevils
• Farmers of Fatehpur Aauriya districts thought
  of utilizing the disinfecting quality of Margossa
  (Neem) leaves
• Shade dried neem leaves were placed in grain bins
  in alternate layers of grains 30 cm and neem
  leaves 5-8 cm thick
• Grains bin is closed air tight by putting paste
  of mud and cow dung
• Precautions are taken to keep grain well dried
• Some farmers refined this technique by putting
  15-20 cloves of Garlic along with 250 g neem
  leaves per quintal of grain

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Sesbania Controls Viral disease of Paddy

• Tungru virus causes a severe disease in paddy
• Grass hoppers are carrier of this virus but it
  was not known to the farmers
• In 1996-97 Hardoi district ,Jagmohan grew
  Sesbania for green manuring and after turning,
  some of the Sesbania plants left at the border of
  the field
• Many fields were affected with tungru virus but
  his field was not
• Jagmohan and other farmers investigated and found
  that it was grass hopper which could not enter
  the field because of alternate host crop
• They concluded that it was sesbania which had
  protected the field
• Another farmer in district Sultanpur observed
  that Ipomea also attracts grass hopper and
  prevents spreading of tungru virus in paddy crop
• On the basis of strong belief of farmers and
  scientific base, this ITK was published in
  UPBSNs periodical and circulated

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Low cost winnowing fan

• Manual Winnowing after thrashing of crop is a
  major challenge before resource poor, small and
  marginal farmers
• Keshav Prasad Tripathi of Raebareli district made
  an effort to simplify the winnowing process with
  the help of locally assembled fan
• He made winnowing fan with the help of scrap
  material of old bicycle and some other parts
  which were easily available locally was
  successful
• The cost of fan is only Rs 600 and is known as
  Keshav winnowing Fan
• Learning from Mr Tripathi some other farmers of
  nearby villages are also making such fans for
  their own use and also for rent purposes

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Food Grain Bin made of local waste

• Some poor farmers of district Jaunpur did not
  have money to purchase metallic bins and also did
  not have space to keep them inside their small
  houses
• They were successful in preparing a structure as
  a substitute to metallic bin which was equally
  effective in storing grains even in open air
  outside the house
• A platform is made using paddy straw and torn
  gunny bags
• The grain is put over it and a rope made of straw
  is spiraled tightly around it
• Finally the top of this structure is covered with
  a piece of polyethylene as shown in the picture
• This kind of storage has become popular in many
  villages of Jaunpur

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Zero Energy Cool Chamber

• Members of Adarsh SHG in district Raebareli
  wanted to enhance shelf life of perishable
  items.
• Construction of zero energy cool chambers with
  sand and bricks.
• Two walls of bricks are constructed with sand in
  between.
• To maintain the inside temperature, water
  droplets are applied on sand.
• Vegetables are kept in this zero energy cool
  chamber and are marketed on better prices.

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PROJECT INTERVENTION WITH RESPECT TO WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT
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• WHY CONSIDER GENDER IN LAND RECLAMATION
  PROJECTS ?
• 1. To Break the myths that-
• Women do only domestic work, they have no
  significant contribution for household income,
  agriculture etc.
• Project benefits are equally shared by each
  family member
• Technology although targeted for men folk, will
  benefit both men and women
• Womens voice can be heard through male head of
  the family.
• Womens knowledge and access is limited, hence
  they are incompetent for certain activities
• Women are exposure phobic, prefer to continue to
  confine to their surroundings
• Women are passive agents for change.

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2. To recognize women as a major stakeholder in
our project. Despite significant contribution,
they lack ownership rights and permanent access
to the resources 3 Mobilize resources for
effective management of agriculture and allied
activities to produce more. 4. Assist them to
gain new access to productive resources. 5.
Provide frame work for collective action 6.
Help them generate and use their own resources to
advocate their own rights. 8. Provide social
infrastructure to improve social cohesion at
village level
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What was done towards Gender Equity ?

• Both male female members of family recognized
  as members of SIC to involve them in land
  reclamation process and establish their access to
  resources and technology
• Women farmer selected as Mahila Mitra Kishan to
  disseminate technology to women farmers
• SHGs enhanced economic capacities of women and
  they emerged as Provider of credit for
  agriculture support
• Capacity enhancement of SHGs through training and
  exposure visit

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• Glimpses of successes of WSHGs
• The majority of SHG women are from families with
  almost little or no access to the productive
  resources,
• These resource poor women, with the use of
  indigenous knowledge, are contributing towards
  enhancing their family income
• Some of these activities include Bidi-making from
  Tendu leaves, leaf cup plate making, basket
  making and mat-making through elephant grass,
  rope making from sun hemp etc.

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• Economic activities
• Bhadki Devi, member of "Sneh" SHG, of Tulsipur
  village of Sultanpur district has established
  Rice Mill.
• Kamlesh Devi, member of "Puja" WSHG have opened
  Public Distribution System shop in district
  Kanpur.
• Cheddi devi of Girta SHG has established Flour
  mill,
• Numerous others have diversified themselves in
  activities like apiary, dairy, piggery, goatry,
  grocery etc

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• Collective economic endeavors of SHGs
• Members of Rekha WSHG, of village Chirkuaa of
  district Auriya are collectively doing embroidery
  work.
• Similarly Members of "Jaanki" WSHG, of "Karnau"
  village of district Pratapgarh are collectively
  doing fishery.
• Nandani, member of SHG of "Pepalgava" village of
  Aligarh district facilitated in establishment of
  Parag Dairy in her village and currently all the
  members of the group are collectively engaged in
  dairy

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Economic Activities with Corporate Linkages

• 247 women appointed dealers of Hindustan Lever
  Ltd. for marketing the personal care products.
• Gets a daily business of Rs 250 Rs 300
• A change in the attitude of women from housewife
  to business lady.
• A step towards her economic empowerment, where
  women decides her own product portfolio.

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• Support to Agriculture activities
• The Members of "Durga" WSHG of Vero-savaya
  village of district Jaunpur purchased winnowing
  fan through group dividend and are providing it
  to other farmers on hire basis.
• Member of "Aakansha" WSHG of village gadha is
  running an agriculture input service shop through
  group loan.
• Rekha Devi of "Jai Haridas Baba" WSHG of village
  "Salemabad", of district Fatehpur is a dealer of
  IFFCO input service center.

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• Functional literacy and Empowerment
• Chandra Devi of Beni Harsinghpur of District
  Fatehpur was a Mahila Mitra Kisan and was later
  elected as a Panchayat member
• 369 members were elected as ward members / BDC
  members / Gram Pradhan
• Feeling of Self-Help
• Ms Rachkala, president of Radha SHG, of Belwa
  hasanpur village of Raibarielly district, despite
  of being a widow and disabled with one limb, not
  only reclaimed the sodic land but is also doing
  goatry and running grocery shop through group
  loan.
• Champa, a Scheduled Caste member of Parvati SHG
  of Bhikampur village of Etawah district started
  piggery through group loan and repaid old debts
  of her family.

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• Voice against social vices
• "Shakuntala Devi" SHG member of village Goghmau
  of Sultanpur district with the support of cluster
  not only restrained her husband from alcoholism
  but also restricted the sale of alcohol in her
  village.
• Drudgery reduction
• Sangita, a scheduled caste member of Santoshi
  SHG and Vidhya of Jai Lakshmi SHG of Soro village
  of district Allahabad, facilitated in
  establishing common toilets for women through
  group capital.
• Members of SHGs of Sandila, Hardoi district are
  participating in the scheme of "Unnat Rasoi
  Yojana", in which they have been provided safe
  cooking appliances such as Cooking gas, pressure
  cooker, gas connection etc by Govt. / bank

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Networking of SHGs into Cluster

• Groups formed under UPSLRP-I were further network
  into 227 clusters
• With the intervention of Swashakti project the
  clusters were strengthened to address broader
  issues of women capacity building
• Gender equity through workshops, seminars ,
  street plays etc
• Literacy through primary schools
• Health hygiene including RCH MCH services
• Social vices including domestic violence, dowry ,
  sex abuse etc.
• SEWA Lucknow has extended support in the areas of
  training and marketing of chiken work

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• QUANTITATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS (WSHGs)
• Number of Women SHGs 6962
• Savings and Linkages with bank
• Total saving Rs 531.95 Lacs
  
• Total groups linked with banks 3452
• CCL disbursed Rs. 371.17 Lacs
• Total Capital 903.12 Lacs
• Internal Loaning in WSHGs Rs. 867.40 Lacs
• Agriculture 359.86 Lacs
• Domestic 279.55 Lacs
• Economic 227.99 Lacs

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FARMER LED EXTENSION
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• FARMER FIELD SCHOOL
• WHY?
• Farmers school" a community-based, demand-driven
  system for technology development and
  dissemination established to ensure the
  sustainability of project impacts.
• Such institutions have increased the
  participation of farming communities towards
  agriculture development, appropriate land use,
  exchanging knowledge indigenous technology,
  upgrading the quality of life of members and
  ensuring effective management of their resources.
  
• 126 FFS have been formed, catering to the needs
  of 19,850 member farmers of 1470 villages

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• THE CONCEPT
• The Farmer school is a network of progressive
  farmers of villages within the radius of 5 Kms.
• These schools involve farmers in learning and
  disseminating the appropriate technologies to
  other farmers
• The network also provides a mechanism of shared
  participation both in ideas and collective
  efforts for community development and opens a
  formal channel to facilitate linkages with
  government organization and credit institutions
  at local level

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• ACTIVITIES OF FFS
• Transfer of technology
• 1473 master trainers on different subjects
  (Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry,
  ITK, SHGs, Fisheries, Bee keeping, Organic
  farming etc.) have been developed .
• They are providing regular training to member
  farmers.

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• Promotion of Organic farming
• 647 Nadep, 573 Vermi Compost pit and 100 CPP have
  been formed with the support of master trainers.
• 474 fertilizer sale outlets established for
  providing quality fertilizer to other farmers.
•  Credit facilitation
• FFS facilitated in formation of 708 WSHGs and 418
  MSHGs
• Credit camps have also been organized where 7840
  KCC were distributed to farmers and 425 SHGs
  were linked with bank for CCL

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FFS e-choupal

• A corporate Information Technology intervention
  to Farmers Field School
• An internet kiosk in the village to promote
  agribusiness and sustainable extension network
• An access point to readily available
  crop-specific vernacular websites
• Weather forecast and best farming practices
• Price trends of different crops
• A service centre for input supply and procurement
  of produces
• ITCs e-choupal has been set up in FFS of
  Sultanpur , Allahabad Hardoi district

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• Corporate Linkages of FFS for Sustainability
• FFS linked with private institutions to get
  support in the area of procurement of seeds,
  fertilizers, skill based trainings, literature,
  activities to develop FFS as a Centre of
  Excellence in the field of Agriculture.
• IFFCO provided literature, training and building
  maintenance support as well as dealership for
  sale of fertilizers to 17 FFS.
• INDOGULF provided support in the areas of
  training and free soil testing
• Libraries established in almost all the FFS and
  a set of 27 books worth Rs.13000/- provided to
  highly vibrant 99 FFS and Clusters with the
  support of Dept. of Information .
• Linkages also established with Dept. of
  Agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry KVK
  etc for updation of technical know how and derive
  benefits of schemes implemented by these
  Departments.

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• THANKS