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End of WWI

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End of WWI 1. Germany s Final Blow A) Russia left the War in 1917 B) Germany felt this was their chance to win 2) 2nd Battle of Marne A. 2 million American ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: End of WWI


1
End of WWI
2
1. Germanys Final Blow
  • A) Russia left the War in 1917
  • B) Germany felt this was their chance to win

3
Battle of the Argonne Forest Sept.-Oct., 1918
The battle was fought in an attempt to push
Germany further out of France.
4
After forty-seven days and heavy casualties,
the Germans retreated.
American gunners battle through the Argonne
Forest.
5
2) 2nd Battle of Marne
  • A. 2 million American troops arrive
  • B. Slowly move towards Germany (counterattack)
  • C. November 9, 1918-Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped
    down.

6
  • A. 2 million American troops arrive
  • B. Slowly move towards Germany (counterattack)
  • C. November 9, 1918-Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped
    down.

7
  • A) A. 2 million American troops arrive
  • B. Slowly move towards Germany (counterattack)
  • C. November 9, 1918-Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped
    down.

8
3. Peace Process
2. David Lloyd-George Great Britain
1. Woodrow Wilson USA
The Big Four
3. Georges Clemenceau France
4. Vittorio Orlando Italy
9
4. Wilsons Fourteen Points plan for achieving
peace after WWI
  • A) 1-5free trade, reduced national armies and
    navies (no secret treaties)
  • B) 6-13changing borders and new nationsSelf
    Determination (allowing people to decide
    themselves about what govt they have)
  • C) 14general association of nations that could
    solve conflicts

10
5. Treaty of Versailles ( ends WWI)
  • A) Germany must assume guilt and pay for war
    damages (reparations)
  • B) No independence given to any colonies
  • C) Japan and Italy gain less land than they
    expected
  • D) Americans do not support the League of
    Nations
  • Treaty built on quicksand

11
The War Guilt Clause
"The Allied and Associated Governments affirm,
and Germany accepts, the responsibility of
Germany and her Allies for causing all the loss
and damage to which the Allied and Associate
Governments and their nationals have been
subjected as a consequence of a war imposed upon
them by the aggression of Germany and her
Allies." Article 231
GERMANY ACCEPTED RESPONSIBILITY FOR
STARTING THE WAR
12
Versailles Treaty
- Germany was forced to
take full blame for the war
completely disarm
pay huge reparations to the Allies
give up its colonies to the Allies
Germany was an angry, humiliated nation,
setting the stage for World War II.
13
Adios, dandelion! I guess my work here is done!
14
6. League of Nations
  • A) International cooperative organization
  • B) Established to prevent future wars
  • C) United States not a member
  • D) Failure of League because it did not have
    power to enforce its decisions

15
- The Allies agreed to form the League of Nations.
16
7. The mandate system .
  • A) During World War I, Great Britain and France
    agreed to divide large portions of the Ottoman
    Empire in the Middle East between themselves.

17
  • B) After the war, the mandate system gave Great
    Britain and France control over the lands that
    became Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine (British
    control) and Syria and Lebanon (French control).

18
  • C) The division of the Ottoman Empire through the
    mandate system planted the seeds for future
    conflicts in the Middle East.

19
Legacy of the War
  • Over 8.5 million soldiers die
  • 21 million wounded-countless number of Civilian
    deaths
  • 338 billion dollars in war
  • Loss of a generation

20
New Weapons
21
Allied Troop looking at enemy lines
22
New Weapons
23
German dead in frontline trench on the Somme,
1916
Russian soldier dead on the wire
24
Barbed Wire
25
Flamethrowers
26
Phosphorus Grenade Exploding
27
Austrian Skoda 305mm howitzer
28
Krupp railroad gun
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
Entente Powers
Military Deaths
Total Deaths
Military Wounded
Australia1 61,928 61,928 152,171
Belgium2 42,987 104,987 44,686
Canada3 64,944 66,944 149,732
France4 1,397,800 1,697,800 4,266,000
India6 74,187 74,187 69,214
Italy7 651,010 1,240,010 953,886
Romania13 250,000 680,000 120,000
Russia14 1,811,000 3,311,000 4,950,000
Serbia15 275,000 725,000 133,148
United Kingdom17 885,138 994,138 1,663,435
United States18 116,708 117,465 205,690
Total (Entente Powers) 5,696,056 10,353,813 12,809,280
32
Central Powers Military Deaths Total Deaths Military Wounded
Austria-Hungary19 1,100,000 1,567,000 3,620,000
Bulgaria20 87,500 187,500 152,390
Germany21 2,036,897 2,462,897 4,247,143
Ottoman Empire22 800,000 5,000,000 400,000
Total (Central Powers) 4,024,397 9,415,397 8,419,533
33
'Who are they? What are they?' asked Sam
shuddering, turning to Frodo, who was now behind
him.   'I don't know,' said Frodo in a dreamlike
voice. 'But I have seen them too. In the pools
when the candles were lit. They lie in all the
pools, pale faces, deep deep under the dark
water. I saw them grim faces and evil, and noble
faces and sad. Many faces proud and fair and
weeds in their silver hair. But all foul, all
rotting, all dead. A fell light is in them.'
Frodo hid his eyes in his hands. 'I know not who
they are'   "Yes, yes,' said Gollum. 'All dead,
all rottenThere was a great battle long
ago.... - J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the
Rings
34
Exit-Quiz
  • 1. The Germans final blow came at the 2nd Battle
    of ___________.
  • 2. What country made its first appearance in this
    battle?
  • 3. Which of the following leaders of the Big
    Four is not correct? A)Wilson-U.S.
  • B)Clemenceau-Great Britain, C)Orlando-Italy, D)
    All are correct

35
  • 4. Woodrow Wilsons plan for peace was referred
    to as the __________ _______.
  • 5. The 14th point of this plan was to form a
    general association of _______that could solve
    conflicts.
  • 6. The Treaty of _________ attempted to resolve
    disputes after WWI.

36
  • 7. The League of Nations was established to
    prevent future ___________.
  • 8. In the Treaty of Versailles, ________ had to
    accept guilt and blame for WWI.
  • 9. The U.S. _______ (did or did not) support the
    League of Nations.

37
  • 10. The League of Nations failed because it did
    not have any __________.
  • 11. What system gave Great Britain control of
    countries in the Middle East.
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