Nursing Theory Presentation

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Nursing Theory Presentation

• Watson

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Introduction

• Watsons theory is comprised of ten primary
  carative factors.
• These factors essentially focus on delineating
  psychosocial needs.
• Watson is the founder for the Center for Human
  Caring in Colorado.
• Degrees were earned from the University of
  Colorado were a BSN, MS, and PhD.

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Assumptions

• 1.Caring can be effectively demonstrated and
  practiced only interpersonally.
• 2.Caring consists of carative factors that result
  in the satisfaction of certain human needs.
• 3.Effective caring promotes health and individual
  or family growth.
• 4.Caring responses accept person not only as he
  or she is now but as what he or she may become.
• 5.A caring environment is one that offers the
  development of potential while allowing the
  person to choose the best action for himself or
  herself at a given point in time.
• 6.Caring is more healthogenic than is curing. A
  science of caring is complementary tothe science
  of curing.
• 7.The practice of caring is central to nursing.
• (Feliciano, 2012). Terise Gavar

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Information and Concepts

• Human beings
• Valued entities that are fully integrated selves
  and greater than the sum of their parts
• Should be nurtured, cared for, and understood
• Includes both the patient and the nurse

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Information and Concepts

• Health
• A high level of mental, physical and social
  functioning
• Absence of illness
• Having an ability to maintain activities of daily
  living
• Is based on human values and interest in the
  welfare of others while considering health
  promotion, health restoration, and illness
  prevention

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Information and Concepts

• Environment
• Caring is not genetic
• It is a learned behavior
• Caring is an essential part of the nursing
  profession in the context of facilitating the
  ability of a patient to cope with their
  environment
• There should be a healing environment created. It
  should involve both the physical and non-physical
  levels.

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Information and Concepts

• Nursing
• Addresses patient needs from a holistic
  standpoint including biophyiscal,psychosocial and
  mental health needs.
• What nurses contribute to the interaction with
  the patient.
• Develop and encourage openness to understanding
  of self and others Leads to trust, shared
  feelings freely, and confidence.

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Evaluation of the Nursing Model

• Assessment
• Includes observation and identification of
  problems
• Use of Evidence Based Practice
• Defines variables that will be examined in
  problem solving

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Evaluation of the Nursing Model

• Plan
• Decides how variables will be measured or
  examined
• Specifies what data will be collected, by whom
  and how much.

10
Evaluation of the Nursing Model

• Intervention
• Involves executing the aforementioned plan
• Includes data collection

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Evaluation of the Nursing Model

• Evaluation
• Involves examining the data to determine the
  efficacy of intervention
• Should involve interpretation of the results to
  determine degree of effectiveness or lack
  thereof.
• May result in the formation of additional
  hypothesis leading to more data collection or
  different intervention

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Clarifications

• This philosophy is unique to nursing because of
  the holistic approach to patient care and
  definition of health and wellness.
• Influenced by clinical practice and actual
  patient outcomes
• Berman et al (2008) found that if it is combined
  with the nursing theory of Rogers it can create a
  Unitary Caring Science (p. 48).

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Content

• Global concepts are accurately and articulately
  described.

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Scope of View

• This theory is limited because it places priority
  on psychosocial functioning as opposed to
  biophysical needs.
• The theory contains both abstract and specific
  concepts, with a bias towards abstract.
  Psychosocial adaptation and functioning are more
  difficult to quantify than biophysical healing.

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Practice Application

• This theory is best applied in settings where the
  nurse will have time to work on long term goals
  and determine the efficacy of intervention.
  Physical rehabilitation is a good example.
• This would be a difficult theory to apply in the
  acute care setting as patients would need to have
  needs like Airway, Breathing, Circulation met and
  maintained before psychosocial issues became
  applicable.

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Case Scenerio

• A nurse enters a patients room who has their
  call light on and says, What do you want? The
  patient responds, My throat is very dry and I
  was wondering if I could get a glass of water.
  The nurse responds, I dont have time for that
  right now and by the way you are NPO. The
  patient says, what does NPO mean? The nurse
  huffs and turns and walks out of the room loudly
  commenting on the fact that she cant believe the
  patient would ask for water when they are NPO and
  they dont even know what that means. The aide
  walks in a little while later to find the patient
  crying. When the patient is asked what is wrong,
  she states the nurse wouldnt get her any water
  and she doesnt know what the term NPO means that
  the nurse used. What should the aide do according
  to Watsons theory? What should the nurse have
  done differently according to Watsons theory?

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References

• Berman, A., Snyder, S., Kozier, B., Erb, G.
  (2008). Fundamentals of nursing Concepts,
  process, and practice. (8th ed. pp. 47-48).
  Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson.
• Feliciano, J. (2012, Oct. 13). Jean Watsons
  transpersonal care theory. Retrieved from
  http//www.scribd.com/doc/33854915/Jean-Watson
• Jean Watson's Theory of Nursing. (n.d.). nursing
  research articles, theories, reviews, education,
  administration, psychiatric nursing, MCQs.
  Retrieved October 15, 2012, from
  http//currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/
• Lombardo, B., Eyre, C. (2011). Compassion
  fatigue A nurses primer. The Online Journal for
  Issues in Nursing. 16(1). doi 10.3912/OJIN.Vol16N
  o01Man03
• Ranheim, A., Kärner, A., Berterö, C. (2012).
  Caring Theory and Practice-Entering a
  Simultaneous Concept Analysis. Nursing Forum,
  47(2), 78-90. doi10.1111/j.1744-6198.2012.00263.x
  
• Wade, G.H., Kasper, N., (2006). Journal of
  Nursing Education. Nursing students' perceptions
  of instructor caring An instrument based on
  Watson's theory of transpersonal caring. Vol 45,
  pp.162.Retrieved from database EBSCO.
• Williams, I., McDowell, J., Kautz, D. (2011). A
  caring leadership model for nursing's future.
  International Journal For Human Caring, 15(1),
  31-35.