ITEC0724 Modern Related Technology on Mobile D. : Cloud Deployment Model Migration and Mobile Cloud Computing

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ITEC0724 Modern Related Technology on Mobile D.
Cloud Deployment Model Migrationand Mobile
Cloud Computing

• Lecture Notes 2

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Lecture Outline

• Cloud deployment models
• Business case
• Moving applications to the cloud
• Application attributes
• Cloud service attributes
• System abstraction
• Cloud bursting
• Mobile market
• Adopting mobile cloud applications

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Cloud Deployment Models (NIST)

• Public clouds
• Private clouds
• Hybrid clouds

The models by the US National institute of
standards and technology (NIST)
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Public Clouds

• Infrastructure is for public use
• Own by organization selling cloud services
• Potential advantage
• No risk in infrastructure
• Potential disadvantage
• Lack of security

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Key public cloud providers

• Google
• Google Docs, Google App Engine (GAE)
• EMC Corporation
• Parent company of VMWare, one of the leading
  companies in virtualization
• Microsoft Azure Platform
• Amazon Web Services (EC2 and S3)
• Salesforce.com (force.com)

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Private Clouds

• Basically, its a cloud infrastructure set up,
  managed, and upgraded by an organization or
  community for their own use (private use)
• Potential advantage
• Full control of all resources and technologies
  such as security
• Potential disadvantage
• Infrastructure cost

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Technology for Private Clouds

• Commercial vendors are entering in this domain
  quite fast
• Vmware
• Open Source providers are also there
• Eucalyptus, Ubuntu

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Hybrid Clouds

• Combine multiple clouds (private and public)
• Each cloud retains its unique characteristics,
  but bound together as a unit
• Potential advantage
• Security and Infrastructure cost
• Potential disadvantage
• Policies compliance???, Synchronization???

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Other types of clouds

• Virtual private clouds (VPC)
• Run on top of public cloud
• Leverage VPN technology to customize network
  topology and security setting
• Advantage infrastructure and security
• Example, Amazon Web Services

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Other types of clouds (2)

• Community clouds
• Serve a common function or purpose of multiple
  units
• Share common concerns such as mission, policies,
  security and regulatory compliances
• Units can be within one organization or multiple
  organizations
• Advantage
• Cost shared infrastructure cost
• Security higher level of security and privacy

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Business cases

• Dimensions to consider to save cost
• Ongoing operational cost reduction
• The value of preserving capital
• The value of upsizing on demand
• The value of downsizing on demand
• The value of agility
• The value of reuse
• The value of coolness

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Operational Cost Reduction
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Upsize and downsize on demand
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Case Study on Oil Gas Industry

• The migration use-case of an IT System
• From a companys in-house data center
• To Amazon EC2

System Overview
System Deployed in the Cloud
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Infrastructure costs

• Company C paid 104,000 to Company B for the
  system in 2005, 19,200 of which was for the
  systems infrastructure.
• In addition, C paid B 43,000 per year for system
  support and maintenance, 3600 of which is for
  the running costs of the system infrastructure.
• Over a 5 year period, the total cost of the
  system infrastructure is therefore 19,200 (5
  x 3,600) 37,200

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Price Comparision

• Amazon EC2 provides an option of using either
  small or large server instances depending on the
  amount of CPU power and RAM required.
• In Cloud, 37 cheaper compared to 1 small and 1
  large server instance

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Support and Maintenance

• In 2005, 218 Support calls have been made
  regarding the operation of the system.
• The majority were about software problems.
• 45 calls were related to the systems
  infrastructure.
• 38 calls backup problems
• 5 calls network problems
• 2 calls power outages at B
• In cloud 21 eliminated

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Stakeholders Impact Analysis

• Stakeholders impact analysis is a method of
  identifying potential sources of benefits and
  risks from the perspectives of multiple
  stakeholders.

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The steps to do business case

• Understanding the existing issues
• Define value points
• Model as is
• Model to be
• Assign costs
• Define hard benefits and soft benefits
• Define risks
• Create business case (save cost?)

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Moving applications to the cloud

• Deploy Application to the cloud?
• Entirely or Part of the application is on the
  local system and another part is in the cloud
• Migration involves
• Functionality Mapping - Identification of
  potential benefits associated with migration
• Analysis of critical features of application
• Analysis of features supported by cloud provider
• Nature of target cloud platform
• Evaluation of supported tools and technologies

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Application attributes

• Attributes to analyze for porting applications to
  the cloud
• Application
• Availability
• Data management
• Cost
• Maintenance
• Security
• Scalability
• Interfaces

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Application Attributes (2)

• Quality attributes associated with application
• Abstraction, configuration, interoperability,
  modularity, reusability, language support,
  monitoring support, staffing requirements, tool
  support.
• Quality attributes associated with availability
• Fault management, Geographic location, resource
  pooling, resource access, reliability, uptime.
• Quality attributes associated with scalability
• Caching, licensing, lifecycle management, load
  balancing, replication, resource provisioning
• Quality attributes associated with cost
• Development cost, resource cost, staging cost.

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Application Attributes (3)

• Quality attributes associated with data
  management
• Data exchange, indexing, online/offline access,
  portability, query, state, store type, data
  structures, transactions.
• Quality attributes associated with security
• Access, auditing, authentication, cryptography,
  identity, regulations, remote access, security
  rules, trust relationships.
• Quality attributes associated with maintenance
• APIs, Configurations, Deployment.
• Quality attributes associated with user interface
• Ease of use, interface features, user interaction.

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Cloud Service Attributes

• Features associated with application
• Accounting schemes, operating system support,
  database support, resource pooling mechanisms,
  site location, redundancy and replication,
  relation management, virtual machine types, APIs.
• Platform features
• Application support, deployment environments,
  Internationalization (languages and locale),
  programming langue support, testing, API and
  command line interfaces.

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Cloud Service Attributes (2)

• Infrastructure features
• Availability, network support, load balancing,
  reliability, replication, database support.

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Which cloud types to select?
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System Abstraction

• Target should be able to provide abstraction of
  all required physical resources through
  virtualization.
• Example, Medical imaging system

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Cloud Bursting

• Cloud should be able to serve access capacity
  when required.
• Example, Reservation system

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Following types of application are more suitable
for cloud

• Not mission critical.
• Not handling core business operations.
• Not dealing with sensitive data.
• Can tolerate high network latencies and work on
  low network bandwidth.
• Following industry standards. E.g. using
  standardized tools for object to relational
  mappings.
• Do not require detailed customization for each
  tenant.
• Organization involved in porting have full
  knowledge of application and its associated
  domain.

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Mobile Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing
- Need ubiquitous Devices
Mobile

• Need Ubiquitous Apps
• gtPerformance Storage

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Mobile Market
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Number of Subscribers
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Challenges in Mobile

• Resources
• Battery life
• Storage
• Bandwidth
• Communication
• Security
• mobility

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Adopting Mobile Cloud Applications

• Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC)
• Definition
• Mobile Cloud Computing at its simplest, refers
  to an infrastructure where both the data storage
  and the data processing happen outside of the
  mobile device. Mobile cloud applications move the
  computing power and data storage away from mobile
  phones and into the cloud, bringing applications
  and mobile computing to not just smartphone users
  but a much broader range of mobile subscribers.
  (by the Mobile Cloud Computing Forum)
• Briefly, MCC is a model where processing is done
  in the cloud, data is stored in the cloud,
  mobiles device serves as a presentation platform
  or a display

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MCC Architecture
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Advantages of MCC

• Advantage of cloud to mobile computing
• Thinner devices -gt less processing, consume less
  power, and have better battery life
• Improving data storage capacity and processing
  power
• Avoidance of vendor lock-in.
• Inherits some advantages of clouds
• Dynamic resource provisioning, Scalability,
  Reliability and Multi-tenancy

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What to be when cloud come!

• Less processing power, memory and storage but
  needs to be aware of bandwidth and display
  resolutions.
• Featured phones with light weight operating
  systems.
• Smart phones with sophisticated operating
  systems. e.g., iOS, Android, Windows Mobile,
  Symbian.

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Android Market
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Apple iCloud
iCloud
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iCloud Application
iBook
Calendar, Mail and Contacts
Documents in the Cloud
Apps
iCloud
Find My Friends and Find My iPhone
iTunes in the Cloud
Photo Stream
Backup
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iPhone Application Hosting by Amazon

• Picture from Alexandra Institute

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iAWS Manager

• Picture from Alexandra Institute

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Summary

• Application requirements and cloud features
  should be carefully analyzed while migrating
  applications on cloud.
• Quality attributes support by cloud provider
  plays a vital role in successful migrations.
• Business dimension of application migration is as
  important to consider as technical aspects.
• Mobile leverage cloud in terms of performance,
  storage and clouds features

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References

• Chapter 1, 14 of Course Book Cloud Computing
  Bible, 2011, Wiley Pub. Inc.
• Cloud Migration A Case Study of Migrating an
  Enterprise IT System to IaaS, Khajeh-Hosseini,
  A., Greenwood, D., Sommerville, I., 2009
• Chapter 4-7, 10. 11, 20 of Cloud Computing and
  SOA Convergence in your Enterprise, Linthicum,
  D., S.
• A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing Architecture,
  Applications, and Approaches