The English Civil War

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• The English Civil War the Glorious Revolution

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English Civil War (1642-1647)
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Reasons for the English Civil War

• In 1603, Elizabeth died. She never married, so
  there were no heirs to continue the Tudor
  Dynasty
• Mary Stuarts son James I became the
  King of England
  started Stuart Dynasty in England

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Reasons for the English Civil War

• Queen Elizabeth recognized the importance of
  working with Parliament
• James I did not-
• Major problems between Parliament King over
  issues of Authority, Money, Religion

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Problems between the King and Parliament

• Authority
• Money

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Problems between the King and Parliament

• Religion
• Puritans

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Reasons for the English Civil War

• When James I died in 1625, his son Charles I
  became king
• Charles was worse than James

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Reasons for the English Civil War

• Parliament got fed up with Charles I refused to
  give him money unless signed Petition of Rights
  in 1628
• King could not jail people without a
  good reason
• King could not make taxes without
  Parliament's approval
• King could not keep his soldiers in peoples
  homes could not use army to maintain order
  during peacetime

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Civil War

• Charles I was really mad at Parliament
• Conflict between supporters of King
  (Royalists) Parliament grew so bad
  that a civil war was inevitable

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Civil War

• War between Cavaliers (Royalists) vs Roundheads
  (supporters of Parliament) lasted for 5 years
• Oliver Cromwell

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After the Civil War

• After the Civil War, a Commonwealth
• Oliver Cromwell led the
  Commonwealth, but did not use
  democracy he became
  a military dictator

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New Commonwealth

• Life in the Commonwealth
• It was illegal
• Citizens hated living this way began to want to
  bring back a king again

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English Civil War Graffiti
King Charles is a bum! Let Parliament rule!
Cavaliers stink!
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The Restoration (1660)
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Restoration

• People grew tired of the severe, religious rule
  of Oliver Cromwell the Puritans many wanted a
  king again
• Charles II was called the Merry Monarch because
  he brought back theatres, sporting events,
  dancing he got along with
  Parliament!!

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Restoration

• Charles II learned from the lessons of his father
  grandfather
• Passed Habeas Corpus
• Anglicanism was official religion, but treated
  Puritans Catholics equally

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Restoration

• During the Restoration, Parliament strengthened
  the Church of Englandonly Anglicans could attend
  universities, serve in Parliament, be priests in
  Anglican Church
• Parliament created Constitutional Monarchy based
  on Magna Carta Petition of Right (Guaranteed
  rights of people limited king)

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Restoration

• BUT, there were problems
• Charles II had no children when he died, his
  openly-Catholic brother James II will be king
  (Parliament's worst fear!!)

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• This is James II