SCHOLASTICISM!!!!!

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SCHOLASTICISM!!!!!

• By Molly Cain
• AP EURO!

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So what is scholasticism??

• Lets check answers.com
• The dominant western Christian theological and
  philosophical school of the Middle Ages, based on
  the authority of the Latin Fathers and of
  Aristotle and his commentators.

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Origins

• Came from obscure beginnings
• Found a home in medieval universities
• Oxford
• Paris
• Cologne
• St. Anslem, first Scholar
• Faith seeks understanding

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High Period

• 13th and 14th centuries
• Schools of translation
• William of Moerbeke's translations and editions
  of Greek philosophical texts
• Universities developed in this period

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A bit more on universities

• The major ones University of Oxford, est. 1167
  University of Cambridge, est. 1209

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Drama in the Catholic Church?!?

• Rival clerical orders within the church began to
  battle for political and intellectual control of
  the universities
• .
• Franciscans
• Dominicans

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Franciscans

• Founded by Francis of Assisi in 1209
• Following Anselm, their leader Bonaventure
  supposed that reason can only discover truth when
  philosophy is illuminated by religious faith

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Dominicans

• Founded by St. Dominic in 1215
• Mission to propagate and defend Christian doctrine

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Thomism

• Philosophical school during scholastic period
• Founded by St. Thomas Aquinas
• Follower of Aristotle
• Thomism revitalized 12th century scholasticism
  for the 13th century

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Second Scholasticism

• Revival of scholastic system of philosophy in the
  16th century
• Reaction to the Protestant Reformation
• Helped by the founding of Society of Jesus, the
  Jesuits, in 1540 by Ignatius Loyola

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Neo-scholasticism

• Defined as the revival and development from the
  second half of the 19th century of medieval
  scholastic philosophy
• Also called neo-Thomism
• Sought to restore fundamental doctrines of 13th
  century scholasticism

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Scholasticism in the States

• The University of Notre Dame, founded in 1842 by
  Rev. Edward F. Sorin
• Georgetown University founded in 1773
• Catholic University of America founded in 1887

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A quick sidenote.

• Cornell University!

Freedom of religion in the Ivy League!
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Impact

• The method of scholasticism sought to understand
  the fundamental aspects of theology, philosophy,
  and law.
• Scholasticism founded a method of learning based
  on reasoning and making inferences
• Eventually the scholastic method was applied to
  many fields of study
• Harmonized medieval Christian figures

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More impact.

• Increased importance of education
• Peter Abelard (1079 April 21, 1142)
• Advocated peaceful cooperation of science and
  religion Albertus Magnus

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Impact on Modern European History

• Oxford tops many global university rankings
• Scholastic method still used in universities and
  schools all over
• Importance of philosophy and reason in modern
  education
• Scholastics focus on supporting Roman Catholic
  doctrines through secular study, reason, and
  logic

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Scholasticism, summed up

• How are we to reconcile reason with revelation,
  science with faith, philosophy with theology?

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• GO CATHOLICS!