Hyphens and Dashes

1
Hyphens and Dashes

• The Hyphen page 426
• The Dash page 430
• -

2
The Dash

• Create a dash on the computer with two hyphens
  (--).
• Do not put a comma, semicolon, colon, or period
  directly before or after a dash.
• Do not put a space before or after the dash
  place it directly beside the words it interrupts.

3
The Dash

• Use a dash to indicate an abrupt break or change
  in thought within a sentence.
• What was itI paused to thinkwhat was it that so
  unnerved me in the contemplation of the House of
  Usher?

4
The Dash

• Use a dash to set off and emphasize supplemental
  (extra or supporting) information or
  parenthetical comments.
• The crowd marveled as fifty pounds were lifted by
  the circus performerusing one finger.
• The circus performerusing one fingerlifted
  fifty pounds.

5
The Dash

• Use a dash to mean namely, in other words, or
  that is before an explanation.
• It was a close callthe sudden gust of wind
  pushed the helicopter to within inches of the
  power line.
• Early Native American civilizationsthe Mayan,
  the Incan, and the Aztecrelied on farming for
  their livelihood.

6
The Hyphen -

• Use a hyphen after any prefix joined to a proper
  noun or proper adjective.
• mid-August
• un-American
• Use a hyphen after the prefix all-, ex-, and
  self-, and great- joined to any noun or adjective
  and with suffixes elect and free.
• self-employed, ex-boyfriend, all-star,
  great-grandson
• mayor-elect, fat-free

7
The Hyphen -

• Use a hyphen after the prefix anti- when it joins
  a word beginning with i-.
• anti-inflammatory
• Use a hyphen after the prefix vice-, except in
  vice president.
• vice-principal

8
The Hyphen -

• Use a hyphen to avoid confusion between words
  beginning with re- that look alike but are
  different in meaning and pronunciation.
• re-count the ballots recount the story
• re-lay the tiles relay the message
• re-mark the papers remark on her condition

Do the same for other prefixes that may cause
confusion, such as de-icer.
9
The Hyphen -

• Use a hyphen in a compound adjective that
  precedes a noun.
• up-to-date news news was up to date.
• nine-year-old boy boy was nine years old.
• well-educated student student was well
  educated.
• Dont use a hyphen for adverb-adjective
  combinations.
• beautifully decorated house

10
The Hyphen -

• Hyphenate any spelled-out cardinal or ordinal
  compound number up to ninety-nine or
  ninety-ninth.
• Forty-five
• Twenty-first
• Ordinal shows rank or position
• Cardinal any number

11
The Hyphen -

• Hyphenate a fraction used as an adjective or
  noun.
• Two-thirds majority
• Three-fourths of a cup
• One-half liter
• One-eighth of a mile

¾
12
The Hyphen -

• Hyphenate two numerals to indicate a span.
• pages 354-392
• April 1-6
• 1884-1903
• 15th-16th centuries

13
The Hyphen -

• When a word must be divided at the end of a line
  in general, if a word contains two consonants
  occurring between two vowels or if it contains a
  double consonant, divide the words between two
  consonants.
• Rep-resentative
• Skip-per
• Big-gest
• If unsure, check a dictionary.

14
The Hyphen -

• When a word must be divided at the end of a line
  if a suffix has been added to complete a word
  that ends in two consonants, divide the word
  after the two consonants.
• track-ing
• roll-ing
• full-est
• dark-est

15
Practice

• Complete the practice sheet with a partner then
  turn in your work to the tray.
• Return to your seat.
• You may work on your senior memory book or
  another assignment.