Classification of Birds and Mammals

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Scientific
Classification of Birds and Mammals
In
Museum of
Biological Sciences
University of Sargodha
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Scientific Classification of
BIRDS
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Ababeel
Kingdom Animalia Phylum
Chordata Class Aves Order
Passeriformes Family Hirlindinidae Genus
Hirlindo Species H.
concolor SCIENTIFIC NAME Hirlindo concolor
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Fact Sheet

• Ababeel are usually found over grassland where
  they hawk insects
• They typically hunt insects in flight
• Sometimes they take advantage of grass fires and
  grazing cattle that flush insects into the air

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Blue Jay Or Indian Ruler
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Coraciiformes Famil
y Coraciidae Genus
Coracias Species C. bengalensis SCIENTIFIC
NAME Coracias bengalensis
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Fact Sheet

• Blue jay have crest on head, that is fully
  raised when it became aggressive or excited
• Its plumage is blue to mid- blue in the crest,
  winges and tail
• Mostly male and females are identical
• Just male are larger than females
• It is slow flier
• These are more intelligent birds
• They wait and watch for a person to put food
  down as soon as the person walk they swoop down
  and steal it

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Bagla / Pond Herron
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Ciconiiformes Famil
y Ardeidae Genus Ardeola Species
A. grayii SCIENTIFIC NAME Ardeola grayii
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Fact Sheet

• The body color of Pond herron is olive brown
• They remain silent but give harsh croak when
  reach near to nests
• These are most common in India
• They mostly lives on marshy wetland
• They feed on floating vegetation, crustaceans,
  aquatic insect, fishes, tadpoles, sometimes on
  leeches

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Black Duck
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Anseriformes Family
Anatidae Genus Anus Species
A. supercilisa SCIENTIFIC NAME Anus
supercilisa
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Fact Sheet

• Black duck found in a variety of wetland
  habitats
• Males are larger than females
• In flight it shows a pale underwing
• Their size range is 54- 61 cm
• These ducks are not residential, but they show
  migration

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Coot
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Gruiformes Family
Rallidae Genus Fulica Species F.
atra SCIENTIFIC NAME Fulica atra
Coot
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Fact Sheet

• Coot present in Europe, Asia, Africa and
  Australia
• It is noisy bird with a great cracking,
  explosive, trumpeting calls often given at night
• It is aggressive specie, strongly territorial
  during breeding season
• Both parents are involved in defense of child
• These are omnivores feed on algae, vegetation,
  seed and fruits

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Copper smith Barbet
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Piciformes Family
Megalaimidae Genus Megalaima Species
M. haemacephala SCIENTIFIC NAME Megalaima
haemacephala
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Fact Sheet

• It produce metronomic call that has been likened
  to a coppersmith striking metal with a hammer
• It is found in South Asia
• They are mainly fruit eater
• Their call is loud tuktuk( or tunk)
• They are silent and do not call in winter
• Courtship involves singing, puffing of the
  throat, bobbing of the head and flicking of the
  tail

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Common Babbler
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Passeriformes Family
Timaliidae Genus Turdoides Species
T. caudata SCIENTIFIC NAME Turdoides
caudatua
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Fact Sheet

• The Common Babbler is an old world babbler
• They are mostly found in dry open shrub
  countries like in
• South Asia and
• Iran

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Crow
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Passeriformes Family
Corvidae Genus Corvus Species
C. splendens SCIENTIFIC NAME Corvus splendens
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Fact Sheet

• House crow distributed in Nepal, India and
  Pakistan
• They feed on small reptiles, small invertebrate
  eggs, nestling, grain and fruits
• Mostly roost near human habitations and over
  busy streets
• Their voice is a harsh Kaaa- kaaa
• Female lays 3- 6 eggs in a typical stick nest

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Common Myna
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Passeriformes Famil
y Sturnidae Genus
Acridotheres Species A. tristis SCIENTIFIC
NAME Acridotheres tristis
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Fact Sheet

• Typically Myna found in open woodlands,
  cultivation and around habitation
• It is distributed in Asia, Iran, Pakistan and
  India
• These are gregarious
• These are omnivorous in nature mostly feed on
  insects and fruits
• They breed through much of the year
• Their normal clutch has 4- 6 eggs

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Domestic Fowl
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Galiformes Family
Phasianidae Genus Gallus Species
G. domesticus SCIENTIFIC NAME Gallus
domesticus
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Fact Sheet

• These are more in the world than any other bird,
  with a population of more than 24 billion in
  2003
• These are mostly domesticated in India
• They live for 5 to 11 years, depending on the
  breed
• These are gregarious live together as a flock
• These are omnivorous eat seed, insect and even
  large animals such as lizard and mice
• The worlds oldest chicken, according to Guinness
  Book of World Records, died of heart failure when
  she was 16 years old

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Golgen Backed Wood pecker
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Piciformes Family
Picidae Genus Dinopium Species
D. bengalensis SCIENTIFIC NAME Dinopium
bengalensis
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Fact Sheet

• They live in plains upto an elevation of about
  1200m in Pakistan, India and Srilanka
• They feed on insects mainly beetle larvae from
  under the bark and sometimes feed on nectar
• Their beak is stout and tongue is long used for
  removing insects from under- side the bark

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Horned Owl
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Strigiformes Family
Strigidae Genus Bubo Species
B. dubo SCIENTIFIC NAME Bubo dubo
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Fact Sheet

• Horned owl have large ear tuft
• Its horns are neither ears nor horns, these are
  simply tufts of feathers
• Their call is a low- pitched but loud ho- ho- hoo
  hoo
• Feed on hares, rabbits, rats, squirrels, mice,
  moles, voles, cat, and weasels
• Horned owl is the provincial bird of Alberta

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Mallard / Wild Duck
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Anseriformes Family
Anatidae Genus Anus Species A.
platyrhychos SCIENTIFIC NAME Anus platyrhynchos
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Fact Sheet

• Males have bright green head, while females are
  light brown color
• They live in wetlands, including parks, small
  ponds rivers
• Eat water plants
• These are gregarious in nature
• Mallard duck is considered to be the ancestor of
  all domestic duck
• They have broad beak, short legs and webbed feet
• They can live on aquatic as well as terrestrial
  environment

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Nightingale
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Passeriformes Family
Muscicapidae Genus
Tuscinia Species T. megarhynchos SCIENTIFIC
NAME Tuscinia megarhynchos
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Fact Sheet

• Nightingale frequently sing at night as well as
  during the day
• Nightingale means night songstress
• It is buff to white below
• Both sexes are similar
• It is migratory insectivorous species
• It breed in forest in Europe and South west Asia

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Night Herron
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Ciconiiformes Family
Ardeidae Genus Nycticorax Species
N. nycticorax SCIENTIFIC NAME Nycticorax
nycticorax
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Fact Sheet

• Their features are decorative in appearance
• Their toes are without web
• Night herrons stand still at the waters edge,
  and wait to ambush prey, mainly at night
• They primarily eat small fish, crustaceans,
  frogs, aquatic insects, and small mammals

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Rock Pigeon
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Columbiformes Family
Columbidae Genus Columba Species
C. livia SCIENTIFIC NAME Columba livia
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Fact Sheet

• These are harmless and gregarious birds
• The pigeons do not sing, chirp or screech but
  produce a characteristic sound that is gootur-
  goon, gootur- goon
• They lead a monogamous life, one male live with
  only one female throughout the life
• The immature helpless young ones are nourished
  by parents by a fatty, curby secretion, the
  pigeons milk secreted in their crop
• They are widely distributed in Palaerctic and
  Oriental regions

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Rose Ringed Parakeet
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Psittaciformes Family
Psittacidae Genus Psittacula Species
P. krameri SCIENTIFIC NAME Psittacula
krameri
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Fact Sheet

• These are gregarious species popular as a pet
• They are successfully adapted to living in
  disturbed habitats
• These are sexually dimorphic
• Adult male sports a black neck- ring and pink
  nape- band
• They feed on buds, fruits, vegetables, nuts,
  berries and seeds
• Both male female species had ability to mimic
  human speech

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Red Vented Bul bul
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Passeriformes Family
Pycnonotidae Genus Pycnonotus Species
P. cafer SCIENTIFIC NAME Pycnonotus cafer
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Fact Sheet

• It is distributed in Asia, India, Srilanka and
  china
• The rump of Red vented Bulbul is white while
  its vent is red
• It has short crest giving a head a squarish
  appearance
• Its breeding season start from June to September
• It is found in dry scrub, open forests, plains,
  and cultivated land
• It feed mainly on fruits, petals of flowers,
  nectar and insects

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Warbler
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Passeriformes Family
Parulidae Genus Dendroica Species
D. petechia SCIENTIFIC NAME Dendroica petechia
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Fact Sheet

• Warbler are migratory birds
• They mostly breed in North America
• Its nest predators are snakes, corvides, and
  even large climbing rodents
• Mainly they feed on arthropods, in particular
  insects
• Their clutch size is 3- 6 eggs
• These are not consider as threatened species
  according to IUCN.

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White- Breated Kingfisher
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Aves Order Coraciiformes Family
Haloyonidae Genus Halcyon Species
H. smyrnesis SCIENTIFIC NAME Halcyon smyrnensis
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Fact Sheet

• It is a tree king fisher
• It is widely distributed in Eurasia from
  Bulgaria
• Adults has a bright blue back, wings and tail
  while its troat and breast are white
• Their bill is large and legs are bright red
• It is particularly noisy in breeding season
• It mainly hunt on crustacean, insects,
  earthworms, snakes, fishes, frog
• It is a good diver

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Classification of
Mammals
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Caracal Cat
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Carnivora Family
Felidae Genus Caracal Species C.
caracal SCIENTIFIC NAME Caracal caracal
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Fact Sheet

• Caracal is a territorial medium- sized cat
• Crarcal word come from Turkish word meaning
  black ear
• It has long legs and small tail
• It inhibit in woodlands, savannah, and scrub
  forests
• Adult caracal dwell either alone or less
  commonly in pairs
• Sometimes these are kept as a pet and adopt to
  living with humans

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Fox
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammals Order Carnivora Family
Canidae Genus Vulpes Species V.
vulpes SCIENTIFIC NAME Vulpes vulpes
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Fact Sheet

• Fox is a cunning animal
• Foxes are hunted for fur coats
• Foxes, like dogs can catch rabies
• Normally, foxes are very shy
• Red foxes live in US, Canada except Texas and
  Alaska

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Flying Bat / House Bat
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order
Chiroptera Family Vespertilionidae Genus
Pipistrellus Species P.
abramus SCIENTIFIC NAME Pipistrellus abramus
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Fact Sheet

• It prefer to roosts under the ceiling or inside
  the roof of old buildings
• It is mainly found across the East Asia, from
  China and Taiwan
• Bats are insectivores, frugivores (fruit eaters)
• Mostly these are nocturnal in habit

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Gazzelle
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order
Artiodactyla Family Bovidae Genus
Gazella Species G. gazelle SCIENTIFIC
NAME Gazella gazelle
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Fact Sheet

• These are swift animals maintain speed as high
  as 50 miles per hour
• Mostly found in Central Asia and Indian
  Subcontinents
• Eat easily digestible plants and leaves
• Currently there are 13 species considered, out
  of which 4 species are extinct these are Red
  gazelle, Arabian gazelle, Queen of Shebas
  gazella, Saudi gazelle

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Moongoose
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Carnivora Family
Herpestidae Genus Helogale Species
H. parvula SCIENTIFIC NAME Helogale parvula
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Fact Sheet

• It lives in Asia, Africa and Europe
• It ranges from squirrel size to cat size
• They have long faces and bodies, small ears,
  short legs
• They have acetylcholine receptors, so it
  impossible for snake neurotoxin venom to attach
  to them
• They are similar appearance like weasels
• They feed on insects, crab, earthworms, lizard,
  snakes, chicken and rodents
• Indian mangoose fight and also kill venomous
  snakes like Cobra

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Marmoot
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Rodentia Family
Sciuridae Genus Marmota Species
M. caudata SCIENTIFIC NAME Marmota caudata
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Fact Sheet

• Marmoots have been eaten for centuries in
  Mongolia where they are called tarvaga
• Hunting of marmoots for food is typically done
  in seasons and time periods when they are
  heavier
• Alaska celebrates every February 2 as Marmoot
  Day, to observe the prevalence of marmoots in
  the state

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Mouse
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Rodentia Family
Muridae Genus Mus Species M.
musculus SCIENTIFIC NAME Mus musculus
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Fact Sheet

• Mouse are eaten by large birds such as hawks
  and eagles
• They have white short fur, pinkish tail feet
• They pass through estrous cycle
• They show biparental care
• They eat bread delightfully
• Knockout mouse is a genetically engineered mouse

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Porcupine
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Rodentia Family
Hystricidae Genus Hystrix Species
H. indica SCIENTIFIC NAME Hystrix indica
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Fact Sheet

• Live in Asia, Africa and North South America
• Their canine teeth are absent, there is a long
  diastema, behind the incisor
• Limbs usually with five toes and claws
• Rodents are the most numerous mammals on earth
• Inhabit in forests, deserts and rocky hillsides
• Feed on leaves, twigs and green plants

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Rabbit
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order
Lagomorpha Family Leporidae Genus
Oryctolagus Species O. cuniculus SCIENTIFIC
NAME Oryctolagus cuniculus
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Fact Sheet

• Usually found in fields, grass lands and open
  wood- lands
• It lives in burrows which it digs into the
  ground with help of its fore- limbs
• Rabbits are nocturnal
• These are herbivores feed on green vegetation
• Tese are gregarious
• These are fast runners and cover nearly 32- 40
  Kms in an hour
• Female shows Parental care

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Scaly ant eater
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Pholidota Family
Manidae Genus Manis Species M.
crassicaudata SCIENTIFIC NAME Manis crassicaudata
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Fact Sheet

• Their food consist of termites, which it obtain
  by opening nests with it powerfull sharp claw
• It has long, flexible, rapidly moving tongue
  covered with sticky saliva
• A full grown ant eater eats about 30,000 ants
  and termites a day
• It is distributed in South and Central America,
  along the banks of river , depth of humid forests

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Rhesus monkey
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Primates Family
Cercopitecidae Genus Macaca Species
M. mulatta SCIENTIFIC NAME Macaca mulatta
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Fact Sheet

• It keep in captivity used extensively in
  medical and biological research
• Its name stand for symbol Rh , designated to
  blood groups
• Their nostrils open downward and lie close
  together, as in man
• They have a prehensile tail, which supplements
  the hands for grasping during arboreal locomotion

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Urial
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order
Artiodactyla Family Bovidae Genus
Ovis Species O. orientalis
vignei SCIENTIFIC NAME Ovis orientalis vignei
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Fact Sheet

• They have reddish- brown fur that fades during
  winter
• It is distributed in Central Asia
• Urial males have large horns, curling outwards
  from the top of the head
• Its conservation status is Threatened
  according to IUCN