Ascaris Lumbricoides - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Ascaris Lumbricoides

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causative agent of Ascariasis . Distribution:- world wide Habitat:- small intestine, mainly jejunum. Morphological forms Adult worms : male ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ascaris Lumbricoides


1
Ascaris Lumbricoides
2
Taxonomy
  • Kingdom Animalia
  • Phylum Nematoda
  • Class Rhabditea
  • Order Ascaridida
  • Family Ascarididae
  • Genus Ascaris
  • Species lumbricoides

3
Introduction
  • Common name Round worm
  • Largest of intestinal nematodes .
  • causative agent of Ascariasis.
  • Distribution- world wide
  • Habitat- small intestine, mainly jejunum.

4
Morphological forms
  • Adult worms male
  • female
  • Eggs fertilised
  • unfertilised
  • decorticated
  • Rhabditiform larva .

5
MORPHOLOGY
  • Adult worms cylindrical in shape with
    tapering ends.
  • Creamy white or pinkish.
  • Mouth of the worm is surrounded by 3 lips (1
    dorsal and 2 ventral) with minute teeth.
  • Life span is lt1 yr.

6
Adult worms
Lips of ascaris
7
Adult male
  • smaller than female .
  • Size 15-30 cm in L
  • 3-4 mm in D .
  • Curved tail contains a pair of copulatory
    spicules .

Copulatory spicules
Adult male
8
Adult female
  • Size 20-40 cm in L
  • 2-6 mm in D .
  • Post. end is straight and conical .
  • vulvar waist
  • Eggs 240,000/day .

Adult female
9
Egg
  • 3 kinds Fertilised, Unfertilised and
    Decorticated.
  • Fertilised egg - oval in shape
  • measures 45 x 70 mc in
    L
  • 35 x 50
    mc in B.
  • Golden brown , Bile stained .
  • Shell is thick with mammillated albuminous outer
    coat.
  • Contains an unsegmented ovum with clear
    crescentic space at each pole .
  • Floats in sat. salt solution.


10
  • Unfertilised egg - ellipsoidal in shape
  • measures 78 x 105
    mc in L
  • 38
    x 50 mc in B .
  • Brown coloured , Bile stained , Thin shelled .
  • Heaviest of all helminthic eggs , hence it
    doesnt float in sat.salt solution .
  • Decorticated egg - Both fertilised and
    unfertilised eggs sometimes may lack their
    albuminous coat and are colourless .

11
Egg shell
Ovum
Albuminous layer
Unfertilised egg
Fertilised egg
12
Decorticated egg
13
  • Rhabditiform larva
  • size 250 mc in L
  • 14 mc in D
  • actively motile
  • larvae hatch out in duodenum
  • penetrates the intestinal mucosa

Hatching out larva
14
Pathogenesis
  • Source soil , water , food contamined with
    eggs.
  • Route ingestion
  • Infective form embryonated eggs
  • Host man
  • No intermediate and reservoir hosts .

15
Life cycle
16
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17
Manifestations due to of migrating larva
  • Inflammatory and hypersensitvity reactions .
  • Granuloma and eosinophilic infiltration.
  • Eosinophilic pneumonia Loefflers
    syndrome .
  • Symptoms fever
  • cough
  • dyspnea
  • urticaria .

18
Manifestations due to adult
  • Sporiative action malnutrition
  • growth
    retardation .
  • Mechanical action abdominal pain
  • intestinal
    obstruction
  • intestinal
    perforation
  • Allergic reaction
  • release of ascaron

fever
urticaria
Angioneurotic edema
conjunctivitis
19
Intestinal obst. by adult worms
Peritonitis by intest. perforation
20
  • Ectopic ascariasis appendicitis
  • obst. jaundice
  • haemorrhagic
    pancreatitis
  • liver abscess

Ascaris in common bile duct
Adult worms in liver
21
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22
Lab diagnosis
  • Parasitic diagnosis
  • demo . of eggs in feaces direct microscopy

  • formalin ether conc.
  • demo . of larvae in sputum , bronchial
    aspiration
  • demo . of adult worms barium meal .
  • Sero diagnosis
  • Abs detected by IHA , IFA .
  • used for diagnosis of loefflers syndrome .
  • Imaging methods x ray , ct scan , ultrasound

23
Epidemiology
  • World wide distibution through out temperate and
    tropical areas .
  • ¼th of the world population .
  • 40 population in africa and asia .
  • Poor sanitary conditions .

24
Treatment
  • Mebendazole
  • pyrantel pamoate
  • piperazine citrate .
  • Prophylaxis
  • Proper disposal of human faeces
  • Avoid eating raw vegetables and salads
  • Periodic treatment with antihelminthics .

25
ANY QUERY
26
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