Top 10 OSHA Violations and How to Avoid Them

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Top 10 OSHA Violationsand How to Avoid Them
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Agenda

• OSHA Violations and Penalty Structure
• How Much Can the Fines Be?
• Most Frequently Cited Standards in General
  Industry
• What are the Most Common Violations?
• Avoiding Common Violations
• What to Do to Avoid the Most Commonly Cited Items

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Violation Penalty Structure

• Civil and Criminal Penalties and Fines
• Criminal Penalties
• Willful and Repeat Offenders
• Serious Injuries and Fatalities Involved
• Can Include a Monetary Fine or Jail Term or Both

• Criminal Penalties
• Willful Violation with a Fatality First
  Conviction
• Fine 250,000 per Individual, 500,000 per
  Organization
• 6 Months in Prison
• Willful Violation with a Fatality Second
  Conviction
• Fine 250,000 per Individual, 500,000 per
  Organization
• One Year in Prison

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Fines and Penalties

• Civil Fines
• Dependent on Severity of Violation
• Increases for Repeats
• Increases for Willful Violation
• Subject to the egregious policy
• Egregious Policy (MULTIPLIER)
• Civil Penalties
• Failure to Post (Up to 7,000)

• Civil Penalties
• DeMinimus (None)
• Other than Serious (Up to 7,000 each)
• Serious (Minimum 100 each - Up to 7,000 each)
• Willful (Minimum 5,000 each Up to 70,000
  each)
• Repeat (Minimum 5,000 each - Up to 70,000 each)
• Failure to Abate (Up to 7,000 per Day per
  Violation)

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Most Frequently Cited Items
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Most Cited Item 1

• Machine Guarding Issues
• 29 CFR 1910.212, 215, 219
• General Machine Guarding Violations
• Point of Operation
• Grinders Tongue Guards
• Exposed Pulleys
• Grinders Work Rests

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Machine Guarding

• Key Issues
• Prevent Potential Contact with All Moving
  Machinery and Energy Sources
• Point of Operation
• Motions
• Rotating
• Reciprocating
• Transversing
• Action
• Punching
• Cutting
• Shearing
• Bending

• Action Plan
• Inventory All Machinery at the Facility
• Examine Each Machine for Hazardous Motions,
  Actions, and Energies
• Implement a Safeguard for Every Identified Hazard
• Train Employees Not to Defeat Safeguards
• Train Employees in Proper Operation and Service
  of Machinery

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Most Cited Item 2

• Hazard Communication
• 29 CFR 1910.1200
• Hazard Communication Written Program
• Information and Training
• Training for New Hazards
• Missing Material Safety Data Sheets
• Missing / Incorrect Labels

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Hazard Communication

• Key Issues
• Written Hazard Communication Program
• Sharing Chemical Safety Information with
  Employees
• Accurate Inventories
• MSDS Available
• Training
• Labeling

• Action Plan
• Develop a Site Specific Program
• Inventory All Chemicals
• Collect MSDS for All Identified Chemicals
• Train Employees on Chemicals and Hazards
• Ensure Correct Labeling and Storage

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Most Cited Item 3

• Lockout Tagout
• 29 CFR 1910.147
• Lockout Tagout Written Program
• Lockout Tagout Machine Specific Procedures
• Training
• Periodic Inspections
• Content / Quality of Energy Control Procedures

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Lockout Tagout

• Key Issues
• Written Energy Control Program
• Written Procedure for Each Machine, Process, or
  System
• Readily Identifiable Lockouts Occurring
• Training
• Auditing and Follow-up

• Action Plan
• Develop a Site Specific Program
• Develop a Specific Procedure for Each Machine or
  Process
• Train Employees
• Provide Appropriate Locks, Tags, Etc.
• Frequent Program Audits (Routine and Non-Routine
  Tasks)

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Most Cited 4

• Electrical Safety
• 29 CFR 1910.303, 304, 305
• Conductor Protection from Abrasion
• Exposed Live Parts
• Inadequate Grounding
• Missing Electrical Box Covers
• No Strain Relief on Flexible Cords and Cables

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Electrical Safety

• Key Issues
• Prevent Contact with Live Electrical Parts
• Guarding
• Maintenance of Connectors, Covers, Boxes, Etc.
• Training
• Lockout Tagout Program
• Labeling

• Action Plan
• Examine Electrical Equipment at the Site
• Identify All Potential Exposures to Live Parts
• Repair or Replace Damaged Equipment As Soon as
  Identified
• Train Employees on Basic Safe Practices

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Most Cited 5

• Personal Protection
• 29 CFR 1910.132, 133, 134
• Eye and Face Protection
• General PPE
• Hazard Assessments
• Written Respiratory Protection Program
• Respirator Medical Evaluation

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Personal Protection

• Key Issues
• Evaluation and Certification of Requirements
• Supplying Appropriate PPE
• Maintaining PPE in Good Condition
• Training on Use and Limitations
• Engineering Controls

• Action Plan
• Examine Each Job Task to Identify Hazards
• Engineer Out Hazards if Possible
• Develop PPE Assessments
• Certify PPE Assessments
• Supply PPE for Hazards as Appropriate
• Respiratory Protection Programs
• Train Employees

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Most Cited 6

• First Aid and Fire Protection
• 29 CFR 1910.151 157
• Eye and Body Flushing Facilities
• Fire Extinguisher Training
• Presence and Accessibility of Fire Extinguishers
• Fire Extinguisher Maintenance
• First Aid Supplies and Training

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First Aid and Fire Protection

• Key Issues
• Provide Eye and Body Water Flushing Facilities
  where Chemical Hazards Indicate Need
• Availability of Immediate, Quality First Aid
• Maintenance of Fire Protection and Life Safety
  Systems
• Training Employees on Emergency Procedures

• Action Plan
• Identify Potential Chemical Hazards to Eyes and
  Provide Flushing Facilities
• Devise a Program to Provide First Aid and
  Provider Protection When Needed
• Set Up PM Schedules and Checklists for Fire
  Protection and Other Life Safety Equipment
• Train Employees

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Most Cited 7

• Walking and Working Surfaces
• 29 CFR 1910.22, 23, 24
• Open Sided Floors and Platforms
• General Housekeeping
• Wet Floors
• Stair and Platform Railings
• Floor Holes

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Walking / Working Surfaces

• Key Issues
• Protect Employees from Falls Off Edges
• Prevent Slips, Trips, and Falls

• Action Plan
• Examine Walking and Working Surfaces at the Site
• Correct Any Potential Hazards Identified
• Conduct Regular Housekeeping Inspections and
  Correct Deficiencies

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Most Cited 8

• Industrial Trucks
• 29 CFR 1910.176 178
• Operator Competency and Training
• Truck Operating Condition
• Secured Storage

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Industrial Trucks

• Key Issues
• Operator Training and Certification
• Forklift Operating Conditions and Safety
  Equipment
• Handling Large, Heavy, and Awkward Loads

• Action Plan
• Identify Employees Who Drive Industrial trucks
• Train Employees Include Hands-on Demonstration
  and Certification of Skills
• Monitor Driving and Load Handling and Correct
  Behaviors as Needed

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Most Cited 9

• Means of Egress
• 29 CFR 1910.36, 37, 38
• Obstructed Exit Pathways
• Exit Pathways not Clearly Marked
• Exit Pathways not Marked
• Emergency Action Plans
• Failure to Mark Not an Exit on Dead Ends

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Means of Egress

• Key Issues
• Employees Must be Able to Evacuate Quickly
• Posting of Exit Signs and Exit Routes
• Employee Training
• Hardware Issues
• Door Locks
• Door Swing
• Door and Hall Width

• Action Plan
• Develop a Comprehensive Emergency Response Plan
  with Identified Exit Pathways
• Train Employees
• Practice (Have a Drill Periodically)
• Examine Exit Pathways and Conditions Regularly

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Most Cited 10

• Hazardous Materials
• 29 CFR 1910.101, 106, 107
• Compressed Gas Handling, Storage, and Use
• Flammable Liquids Dispensing
• Spray Booth Ventilation
• Spray Areas Electrical Wiring
• Spray Areas Combustible Residue

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Hazardous Materials

• Key Issues
• Handling, Storage, and Disposal
• Compressed Gases
• Flammable Liquids
• Hazardous Chemicals
• Flammable and Combustible Painting
• Housekeeping to Reduce Fire and Health Hazards

• Action Plan
• Identify Areas Where Specialty Chemicals are
  Being Used
• Examine Specific OSHA Requirements
• Train Employees
• Conduct Routine Housekeeping Inspections

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Other Standards to Evaluate

• Permit Required Confined Space Entry
• Hearing Conservation
• Welding, Cutting, and Brazing
• Hand and Power Tools
• Powered Platforms
• HAZWOPER
• Specific Chemical Standards
• Laboratory Safety

• Special Industry Standards
• Pulp and Paper
• Textiles
• Bakery Equipment
• Laundry Machines
• Sawmills
• Logging
• Telecommunications
• Electric Power Generation
• Grain Handling

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Questions?

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