GREEN PRODUCTIVITY (GP) AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS)

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GREEN PRODUCTIVITY (GP)ANDENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS)
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• RIO EARTH SUMMIT DECLARATION ON ENVIRONMENT AND
  DEVELOPMENT (UN ,1992)
• HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC
  DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

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• APART FROM PROVIDING FOR EQUITABLE GROWTH, THE
  SEVENTH MALAYSIA PLAN ALSO ADDRESSES THE NEED TO
  BALANCE GROWTH WITH THE PROTECTION OF THE
  ENVIRONMENT AND MALAYSIAS NATURAL RESOURCES.
• Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad
• Ex-Prime Minister, Malaysia

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SEVENTH MALAYSIA PLAN

• Transforming the economy from an input-driven
  growth to one that is productivity driven.
• Ensuring sustainable development not only through
  greater awareness on the preservation of
  environment but also emphasizing the integration
  of environmental consideration in economic and
  social development process.

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COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

• Price Price Price
• Quality Quality
• Eco-Friendly

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

• Maintain a clean ,healthy and quality environment
• Place more emphasis on prevention
• Incorporate an environmental dimension in project
  planning
• Minimise the environmental impact of growing
  population
• Maintenance of sound environmental conditions

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Department of Environment Distribution of Water
Pollution by Sources, 1998
Sewage (5665)
42.3
Agro-Based Industries (469)
Manufacturing Industries (5029)
3.5
37.5
Pig Rearing (2235)
16.7
Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 1998
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Department of Environment Distribution of
Industrial Water Pollution Sources by Types
(Agro-Based Industry and Manufacturing), 1998
1158
1200
1000
800
638
Number of Sources
600
452
433
409
387
326
285
267
400
222
195
172
162
143
77
75
70
200
59
0
Paper
Textile
Plastic
Others
Leather
Machinery
Rubber Mill
Palm Oil Mill
Wood Based
Rubber Based
Chemical Based
Transport Based
Food Beverage
Metal Fabrication
Refinery/Petroleum
Non-Metallic Mineral
Electrical Electronic
Metal Finishing Electroplating
Type of Industries
Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 1998
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Waste Category
Rubber Latex
Others
Pharmaceutical
Ink/Paint/Dye Sludge
Ink/Paint/Dye Solvent
Non Halogen Solvent
Halogenated Solvent
Total Quantity of Scheduled Waste Generated
Acid
398,518 MT/year
Phenol/Adhesive/Resin
Containers
Paper Plastic
Catalyst
Alkalis
Asbestos
Photographic
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Percentage ()
Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 1998
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Malaysia Quantity of Scheduled Wastes Generated

According to
Industry, 1998
Industry
34.97
Metal Finishing
23.97
Others
15.61
Chemical
9.22
Electronic
5.87
Printing Packaging
2.99
Pharmaceutical
2.2
Textile
1.77
Industrial Gas
Total Quantity of Scheduled Waste
1.62
Rubber Plastic
Generated 398,518 MT/year
0.8
Workshop
0.71
Petroleum
0.28
Oleochemical
0
Resin Adhesive
0
Asbestos
0
10
20
30
40
Percentage
Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 1998
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Department of Environment Number of Offences
Prosecuted under the Environmental
Quality Act, 1974 and Regulations made
thereunder, 1989-1998
275
300
256
253
250
200
162
149
130
150
Number of Prosecutions
113
100
45
22
19
50
0
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
Year
Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 1998
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS)

• THE PART OF THE OVERALL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WHICH
  INCLUDES ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE,PLANNING
  ACTIVITIES, RESPONSIBILITIES, PRACTICES,
  PROCEDURES, PROCESSES AND RESOURCES FOR
  DEVELOPING, IMPLEMENTING, ACHIEVING, REVIEWING
  AND MAINTAINING THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

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REASONS FOR ADOPTING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (EMS)

• Ease of trade
• Improved compliance
• Credibility
• Pollution prevention and waste reduction
• Increased profits
• Community Goodwill
• Higher level of safety
• Sustainable development

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• ISO 14000 is the generic title to a series of
  environmental management standards that address
  six distinct but related subjects. These
  include
• environmental management system (EMS)
• environmental auditing (EA)
• environmental performance evaluation (EPE)
• environmental labeling (EL)
• life-cycle assessment (LCA)
• environmental aspects in product standards (EAPS)

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ISO 14001

• INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
• ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
  WITH GUIDANCE FOR USE

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ISO 14000 vs ISO 9000
ISO 14000 ISO 9000
Focus Environmental Product and
protection and pollution service quality
prevention Concept M a n a g e m e n t
S y s t e m Emphasis Continual
Improvement Consistent quality
-customer satisfaction Compliance Complia
nce to legal and Standard and internal other
requirements procedures Stakeholder Internal,
external, regulators Customers
investors
community Common Policy

Objectives

Structure
responsibility

Documentary control

Records

Training

Checking
corrective action
Internal
audit

Management review
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NO. OF ISO 14001 CERTIFICATION IN SOME APO MEMBER
COUNTRIES (AS OF MARCH 2000)

• COUNTRY
• 1. Japan
• Taiwan
• Korea
• Thailand
• Malaysia
• India
• Singapore
• Indonesia
• Philippines
• Iran
• Pakistan

• ISO 14001 CERTIFICATIONS
• 3318
• 712
• 463
• 245
• 155
• 117
• 87
• 55
• 12
• 3
• 2

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DEFINITIONS

• 1. Cleaner Production (CP)
• 2. Waste Minimization (WM)
• 3. Pollution Prevention (P2)
• 4. Clean Technology (CT)
• 5. Low Waste Technology (LWT)
• 6. Zero Discharge Technology (ZDT)
• 7. Eco-Efficiency (EE)
• 8. GREEN PRODUCTIVITY (GP)

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GREEN PRODUCTIVITY (GP)

• GP is a strategy for enhancing productivity and
  environmental performance for overall
  socio-economic development
• It is the application of appropriate techniques,
  technologies and management systems to produce
  environmentally compatible goods and services.
• -APO

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DOING THINGS RIGHT THE FIRST TIME SAVES RESOURCES
AND TIME
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POLLUTION IS THAT RAW MATERIALS IS IN THE WRONG
PLACE
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HOW TO MINIMISE WASTE

• Eliminate
• Substitute
• Reduce
• Reuse
• Recycle
• Recover

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Multi Factor Productivity (Green
Productivity)
Output (O)_____________ Labour (L) Capital
(K) Materials (M) Environmental Protection
Cost Others
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GREEN PRODUCTIVITY MAKES CENTS
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MPC GP PROGRAMMES

• Creating Awareness
• Talks, Seminars,Workshops
• Publications
• Study Missions
• Model Projects
• Demonstration Projects
• Consultancy Services

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APO-MPC GP DEMONSTRATION FARM PROJECT

• CAMERON HIGHLANDS
• STARTED IN JUNE 1997
• IMPLEMENTATION OF ORGANIC FARMING

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QUALITATIVE COMPARISON
Conventional Farming Organic Farming
(a) Much higher demand due to cheaper price (a) Command higher prices. Vegetables have longer shelf life
(b) Less labour requirements (b) Have a better weightage due to less waste
(c) The cost of inputs is lower (c) The Vegetable are crispier and can be safely eaten raw
(d) Farmers are complacent with this method of farming. (d) The environment is relatively free from pollution
(e) From the perspective of the wholesalers, there is a ready market for the normal vegetables (e) Organic vegetables have greener texture and tastier because sweetness is retained
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PRODUCTIVITY COMPARISON
Convention Farming Convention Farming Convention Farming Organic Farming Organic Farming Organic Farming
Item Japanese Pak Choy Chinese Celery Lettuce Japanese Pak Choy Chinese Celery Lettuce
Output(kg) 13,498 1,830 3,856 16,812 1,926 4,284
Revenue 4,724 4,392 5,398 11,768 9,244 11,995
Cost of inputs (RM) 3,400 3,177 4,058 6,148 4,809 6,170
Productivity 1.39 1.38 1.33 1.91 1.92 1.94
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SMILE
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Thank You