The Six Kingdoms, Dichotomous Keys, Characteristic of Living Things

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The Six Kingdoms, Dichotomous Keys,Characteristic
of Living Things
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• What characteristics determine how to classify
  an organism into a kingdom?
• The number of cells (unicellular or
  multicellular?)
• Whether or not it has a nucleus (prokaryotic or
  eukaryotic?)
• How it gets food (autotrophic or heterotrophic?)

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taxonomy

• the practice of naming organisms and classifying
  them into groups

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The five characteristics of living things are
that they

• 1 Reproduce
• 2 Respond (to stimuli)
• 3 Use energy
• 4 Are made of cells
• 5 Grow Develop

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• 3 things all living things need are
• food
• water
• a place to live

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autotrophic

• Plantae--all
• Protista-some
• Eubacteria-some
• Archaebacteria-some
• Are these kingdoms made up of autotrophic or
  heterotrophic organisms?

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multicellular

• Animalia
• Plantae
• Fungi
• some Protists
• Are these kingdoms made up of unicellular or
  multicellular organisms?

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eukaryotic

• Animalia
• Plantae
• Fungi
• Protista
• Are these kingdoms made up of eukaryotic or
  prokaryotic organisms?

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heterotrophic

• Animalia-all
• Fungi-all
• Protista-some
• Eubacteria-some
• Archaebacteria-some
• Are these kingdoms made up of autotrophic or
  heterotrophic organisms?

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unicellular

• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
• some Protists
• Are these kingdoms made up of unicellular or
  multicellular organisms?

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prokaryotic

• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
• Are these kingdoms made up of eukaryotic or
  prokaryotic organisms?

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classify

• to sort things by their characteristics

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multicellular

• What is an organism that is made up of more than
  one cell called?

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eukaryotes

• What is an organism that has a nucleus called?
• (You carry oats to the horse.)

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kingdom

• the highest level of organization

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cells

• the basic units of structure and function of all
  living things

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development

• the process of change that causes an organism to
  become more complex (or sophisticated)

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reproduction

• the process where organisms produce offspring
  that are similar to the parents

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Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista

• Which of the 6 kingdoms are made up of
  eukaryotic organisms?

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prokaryotes

• What is an organism that does not have a nucleus
  called?

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unicellular

• What is an organism that is made up of only one
  cell called?

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Archaebacteria, Eubacteria

• Which of the 6 kingdoms are made up of
  prokaryotic organisms?

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autotrophs

• What are organisms which make their own food are
  called?

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species

• the lowest level of classification

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organism

• a living thing

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heterotrophs

• What are organisms which cannot make their own
  food, but must find their own food called?

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Eubacteria

• Most bacteria are found in which kingdom?

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Archaebacteria

• These creatures can live in extreme conditions.

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Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

• Which of the 6 kingdoms include important food
  sources?

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Plantae

• Which kingdom includes organisms that produce
  oxygen?

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Genus and species names

• Where does the scientific name of a creature
  come from?

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• How can the levels of a classification chart help
  you identify a creature?
• The more parts of the chart an organism has in
  common, the more alike it is.

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• What saying can help you remember the order of
  the levels in a classification chart?
• King
• Phillip
• Came
• Over
• For
• Good
• Spaghetti

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• How do you know which animals are more closely
  related to others on a classification tree?
• The closer the branches are, the more alike the
  organisms are.

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dichotomous key

• a tool to classify organisms by choosing their
  characteristics from a series of paired
  statements

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binomial nomenclature

• a naming system where every organism
• is given a two-part name
• Pamishans
• Broadus walter
• Narrowus cyclops

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scientific name

• the name given to an organism based
• on the genus to which it belongs and its species
  name
• Pamishans
• Broadus walter
• Narrowus cyclops

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Archaebacteria

• are single-celled organisms. (unicellular)
• They do not have a nucleus. (prokaryote)
• Some of them are able to make their own food,
  while some of them must take in food.
  (autotrophic/heterotrophic)
• They are often found in extreme conditions, such
  as hot springs.
• These are characteristics of which of the 6
  kingdoms?

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Eubacteria

• are single-celled organisms.
• They do not have a nucleus.
• Some of them are able to make their own food,
  while some of them must take in food.
• This is the larger of the two bacteria kingdoms.
• These are characteristics of which of the 6
  kingdoms?

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Protists

• Some are single-celled organisms and some are
  made of many cells.
• All have a nucleus.
• Some of them are able to make their own food,
  while some of them must take in food.
• They are divided into three groups-plant-like,
  animal-like, and fungus-like.
• These are characteristics of which of the 6
  kingdoms?

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Fungi

• Most are made of many cells.
• All have a nucleus.
• All must take in food.
• are important sources of food and medicines
• They help recycle Earths wastes
• These are characteristics of which of the 6
  kingdoms?

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Plants

• All are made of many cells.
• All have a nucleus.
• All make their own food.
• produce food and oxygen, which are required by
  most organisms on Earth
• These are characteristics of which of the 6
  kingdoms?

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Animals

• All are made of many cells.
• All have a nucleus.
• All a must take in food.
• provide food, medicines and companionship in your
  daily lives
• These are characteristics of which of the 6
  kingdoms?

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response

• an action or change in behavior caused by a
  stimulus
• stimuli can include
• Temperature
• Hunger
• Something you see, hear, taste, or feel

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stimulus (stimuli)

• anything that causes a change in an organism
• Can be external or internal
• Externaltemperature
• Internalhunger pangs, dehydration

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homeostasis

• the maintaining of stable internal conditions by
  an organism (the right amount of water, etc.)

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Dichotomous Keys

• The identification of biological organisms can be
  greatly simplified using tools such as
  dichotomous keys.
• A dichotomous key is an organized set of couplets
  (paired statements) of characteristics of
  organisms.

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Dichotomous Keys

• You simply compare the characteristics of an
  unknown organism against an appropriate
  dichotomous key.
• These keys will begin with general
  characteristics and lead to couplets (paired
  statements) indicating progressively specific
  characteristics. If the organism falls into one
  category, you go to the next indicated couplet.
• By following the key and making the correct
  choices, you should be able to identify your
  specimen to the indicated taxonomic level. 

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Dichotomous Keys

• 2

1
2
3
5
4
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Dichotomous Keys

• 1a.Bean is round Garbanzo bean
• 1b.Bean is elliptical or oblong Go to 2   
•  
• 2a.Bean is white White northern
• 2b.Bean has dark pigments Go to 3   
•  
• 3a.Bean is evenly pigmented Go to 4
• 3b.Bean pigmentation is mottled Pinto bean  
•    
• 4a.Bean is black Black bean
• 4b.Bean is reddish-brown Kidney bean