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Pharmacology Application in Athletic Training

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Pharmacology Application in Athletic Training Michelle Odai, MS, LAT, ATC, CSCS Florida International University Chapter 1 Historical and Legal Issues History of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pharmacology Application in Athletic Training


1
Pharmacology Application in Athletic Training
  • Michelle Odai, MS, LAT, ATC, CSCS
  • Florida International University

2
Chapter 1 Historical and Legal Issues
3
History of Drugs and Pharmacy
  • The origins of drugs and medicine can be traced
    back to ancient civilizations
  • 2100 BC physicians and priests recorded
    references to drug therapy on clay tablets
  • Timeline history of the development of pharmacy
    pg 5

4
Legal Foundations
  • Early 20th century no laws existed to control
    the sale of medications, the purity of drug
    preparations, or the efficacy of medical devices
  • 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act
  • 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
  • 1952 Durham-Humphrey Amendment
  • 1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendment

5
  • 1970 Poison Prevention Packaging Act
  • 1984 Anti-Tampering Act
  • 1970 Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and
    Control Act
  • Scheduled Drugs

6
United States Food and Drug Administration
  • Created in 1938 to protect publics health by
    ensuring safety, efficacy, and monitoring of
    products
  • Regulates drug manufacturing and labeling
    processes monitor adverse reactions
  • Approval process takes _at_ 12 years
  • Fast-track approval

7
Over-the-Counter Products
  • FDA must approve ingredients and label
    information
  • Name of product
  • Name and address of manufacturer
  • List of active and inactive ingredients
  • Quantity of contents
  • Name of any habit-forming components
  • Warnings and precautions for the user
  • Adequate directions for use

8
Naming of a Drug
  • Typically identified by
  • Chemical name
  • Generic name, or
  • Brand name

9
Generic and Brand Name Drug Ingredients
  • Must have same active ingredients and must be
    identical in strength and dosage form
  • Brand-name drugs patented for 17 years
  • FDA recommends and all states allow pharmacists
    to dispense generic equivalent of brand-name drug

10
Medical Abbreviations
  • Used to denote frequency, amount, and weight
  • Table 1-3, pg 10

11
Drug InformationPharmacists
  • Trained in defining, monitoring, and modifying
    drug treatment
  • Understand use, doses, drug and food
    interactions, contraindications, and other
    aspects of drug agents
  • PharmD 6 yrs, national certification exam
  • State licensure
  • Various settings

12
Drug InformationPoison Control Centers
  • 50 states, 24/7, free
  • Assess and treat poisonings and poison prevention
  • All calls concerning humans and animals
  • Insect, snake bites, ingestion of substances,
    identification of drug tablets and capsules,
    hazardous material spills
  • Employ nurses, pharmacists, physicians

13
  • PCS should be called if someone has ingested,
    touched, or been bitten by something you think is
    poisonous or toxic
  • Caller should provide as much information as
    possible
  • National hotline, directory assistance

14
Drug InformationReference Books
  • Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
  • Produced by pharmaceutical industry and provides
    detailed descriptions of drugs
  • Photos of 1000 drug products to assist in
    identification
  • Updated annually, easily accessible

15
Pharmacy in Athletic Training
  • State and federal laws that govern controlled
    substances
  • AT should be aware of laws that pertain to them
  • All controlled substances found in ATR must have
    complete and accurate written inventory
  • Team physician is ultimately responsible for
    dispensing controlled substances

16
To avoid legal liability the ATC must document
information about each drug administered
  • Name of athlete/patient
  • Sport
  • Age
  • Name of drug
  • Dose given
  • Quantity prescribed
  • Indication
  • Manufacturer
  • Lot number
  • Drug expiration date
  • Name of person dispensing drug
  • Date drug is given

17
  • Single-dose packages
  • Assisting athlete with drug administration
    process
  • All meds should be kept in locked offices and/or
    storage cabinets
  • Failure to follow guidelines can predispose
    athletic trainers to undue legal liability

18
Important Information
  • Implications for Athletic Trainers (pg 13)
  • What to Tell the Athlete (pg 13)
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