END USER COMPUTING

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END USER COMPUTING

• Critical Issues

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Key Issues in IS ManagementNeiderman, Brancheau,
Wetherbe, MISQ, 1991(Gray, et. al.)

• Developing an information architecture
• Making effective use of data
• Improving IS strategic planning
• Recruiting, and developing human resources
• Facilitating organizational learning and use of
  IS
• Building a responsive IT infrastructure
• Aligning IS with the enterprise
• Using IS for competitive advantage
• Improving the quality of software development
• Developing telecommunications systems

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Types of Information Systems Sprague Watson,
DSS for Management, Prentice Hall, 1996

• Type I (Procedure)
• High volume
• Low transaction cost
• Well structured
• Measurable
• Process efficiency
• Data
• Clerical

• Type II (Goal)
• Low volume
• High trans. value
• Poorly structured
• Hard to measure
• Goal effectiveness
• Concepts
• Mgrs, professionals

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IS Development Approaches

• Systems Development Life Cycle
• Information Center (DSS)
• Object and Component

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Type ILarge Systems

• Intercommunications among applications
• Formal methodologies
• CASE technologies
• Purchased products
• Outsourcing

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Type ISDLC

• Type I systems
• Large and Costly
• Cost justified
• Formal stages of evaluation
• Stages carefully reviewed and formally approved
• Data, Process, Communications

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Type IIInformation Center (DSS)

• Type II systems
• Relatively small and inexpensive
• Value justified
• Prototyping and evolutionary design
• Data, Dialog, Model

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End User Computing (EUC)

• End User Computing refers to systems in which
  the user does some of the programming. Arises
  from
• Capacity of Computers
• Cost of Hardware
• Friendly Software
• Data Communications

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EUC Issues

• Data extraction (warehouses) and availability
• System design and development
• Management and control
• New technologies
• EIS, GDSS and Artificial Intelligence, Expert
  Systems and Groupware

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Prototyping Iterative Design

• Data
• Trial Solution
• User Experimentation
• Revised Solution

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Object Oriented(Event Driven)

• User owned
• Small and experimental
• Dialog driven, reusable code
• Combines data and process

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Object Issues

• Reliability of tools and software
• Design methodologies
• Standards and portability
• Extent of value

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Type I Design

• Systems Development Life Cycle Formal
  development of systems in progressively detailed
  stages
• Initial investigation
• Feasibility
• General design
• Detailed design
• Implementation
• Maintenance

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Type I Design
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Type II Design
DATA
MODEL
DIALOG
USER
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Development Roles

• User
• Intermediary (Chauffeur)
• Builder
• Technical Support
• Toolsmith

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Design Philosophy

• Functional
• Entity
• Dialogue
• Event

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Distributed Management

• Business within a business
• IS internal partnerships
• Virtual organizations
• Outsourcing and consultants
• Personnel management

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Ownership
Data
Process
User Owned
IS Owned
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Information AccessIT User Partnership