Significance of ICTs in global economy: importance of governance frameworks, markets and regulation

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Significance of ICTs in global economy
importance of governance frameworks, markets and
regulationMarcelino Tayob, ITU
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AGENDA

• 1- Short Introduction to ITU and its activities
• 2-Sector Reform (1st Wave) and its results
• 3- Second wave of reforms and challenges
• 4 -Concluding ITU available resources
• 5- Suggestion

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ITUOverview
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ITU in brief

• Leading United Nations Agency for ICTs.
• 191 Member States, more than 580 Sector Members
• Three sectors
• Radiocommunication
• Standardization
• Development
• ITU TELECOM Events

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ITUs Global Presence
5 regional offices, 8 area offices HQ in Geneva,
Switzerland
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Main Purposes of the ITU

• Cooperation of Member States
• Standardization of telecommunications
• Allocation of radio-frequency spectrum
• (and satellite positions)
• Technical cooperation
• Exhibitions and forums
• Global challenges of our times Climate change,
  cybersecurity

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ITU-D Your Partner for ICT Development

• ITU-D is a catalyst for multi-stakeholder
  partnerships
• Mobilize human, technical and financial resources
  
• Neutral broker between government and industry
• Executing agency for project implementation and
  expert assistance to countries

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Development Activities

• Enabling Environment
• Infrastructure/Access
• Capacity Building
• Cybersecurity and E-Applications
• Emergency Telecommunications
• Regional Initiatives
• Special Initiatives
• Statistics and Market Information

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Enabling Environment

• Objective
• Establish enabling environment for ICT investment
  
• through attractive policy/regulatory frameworks
• Actions
• Support regional harmonization efforts
• Guidelines, tool kits, best practices,
  information sharing
• Global Symposium for Regulators (GSR) and Global
  Industry Leaders Forum (GILF) , Forum for
  Telecommunications Regulations in Africa (FTRA)
• Bring together senior policy-makers, regulators
  industry

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Infrastructure/Access

• Objective
• Expand access to ICTs in underserved
• communities
• Actions
• Assist developing countries plan, build, operate,
  upgrade, manage ICT networks and services
• Regional and rural connectivity projects
• Assistance for transition to NGN, Digital
  Broadcasting
• Community ICT access telecentres

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Capacity Building

• Objective
• Help developing countries and LDCs build a ICT
  trained workforce
• Actions
• Internet Training Centres for computer/network
  training
• Centres of Excellence and e-learning to train
  managers for NGN transition, spectrum management,
  cybersecurity, regulatory reform etc.

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Cybersecurity

• Objective
• Build confidence and security in the use of ICT
• Actions
• Assistance to countries Model legislation, Spam,
  Critical Information Infrastructure Protection,
  Regional cooperation
• Stimulating collaboration Forum for
  International Cooperation (GCA HLEG)
• Public resources Cybersecurity Gateway

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E-Applications and Services

• Objective
• Promote and implement e-applications and services
  in developing countries
• Actions
• Provide technical expertise to countries for
  projects in e-health, e-education, e-government
  etc.

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Emergency Telecommunications Saving lives

• Objective
• Support disaster prevention, mitigation and
  relief using ICTs
• Actions
• Infrastructure development, policy/regulatory
  reform, ICT deployment for response, network
  reconstruction rehabilitation

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Special Initiatives

• Objective
• Ensure that all groups benefit from ICTs
• Actions
• Efforts to assist targeted groups women, youth,
  indigenous and persons with disabilities
• Examples
• ICT scholarships for youth from developing
  countries/LDCs
• Workshops, tool kits for policy-makers, awareness
  raising

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Statistics and Market Information
New ITU Global View Map

• Reliable stats, trends, market situation
• Track WSIS progress
• Showcased in ICT Eye portal

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Regional Initiatives

• Objective
• Meet specific needs identified by member states
  in each region
• Actions
• Undertake small and large scale projects
• Led by regional offices, supported by Geneva HQ
• FILL IN Example regional initiatives in your
  region

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Connect the World

• Summits to mobilize resources in each region
• Leaders from industry, dev banks, governments,
  int/regional organizations
• Projects to realize common goals
• Connect Africa was 1st Summit 55 Billion in
  commitments for ICT development by 2012
• Connect CIS 2009, Americas 2010, Arab States
  2011, Asia-Pacific 2012

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Wireless Broadband Initiative
Objective Expand broadband access in
underserved areas

• Outcomes
• Develop and deploy wireless networks
• Guarantee capacity for schools, hospitals
• Train local experts and build human capacity
• Develop ICT Applications e-health, e-education,
  e-government

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Connecting Children Empowering the Next
Generation

• Leverage Wireless Broadband Partnership
  capacity for public use
• Campaign to secure funding/partners to provide
  low cost laptops for school children
• Partnership with One Laptop Per Child, Intel
  others active in the field

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ITU-EC HIPSSA Project
Support for Harmonization of the ICT Policies in
Sub-Sahara Africa

• Jean-François Le Bihan
• HIPSSA Project Coordinator
• Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT)
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

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Background
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• An effectively functioning ICT sector is a key
  driver for development, growth and employment
• ITU and the European Commission join their
  efforts in a global project which aims at
  providing Support for the establishment of
  harmonized policies for the ICT market in the ACP
  states
• This global project entails three regional
  sub-projects addressing specific needs
• Sub-Sahara Africas context is specific
• A previous project was implemented by the ITU and
  the EC in West Africa (CEDEAO/UEMOA)
• ICT regulatory harmonization was identified in
  many occasions as a key issue for development
  (WSIS, WTDC-06, NEPAD, MDG, etc.)
• Many initiatives in favour of harmonization have
  been or are currently implemented on the
  continent (SADC, COMESA, CEMAC, etc.)

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HIPSSA projects objectives
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• This is a scaled-up project of a previous pilot
  project led by ITU and EC in the ECOWAS/WAEMU
  space with similar objectives
• HIPSSA responds to regulatory challenges met by
  beneficiary countries in their attempts to create
  a conducive environment for massive investments
  in ICT infrastructures and applications
• HIPSSA is also an answer to the needs expressed
  by beneficiary countries in terms of capacity
  building in the fields of ICT and
  telecommunication regulation and e-readiness
• The global objective is to provide support to
  creating harmonized policies for ICT for each
  beneficiary country in Sub-Sahara Africa
• Detailed objectives are as following
• Developing and promoting ICT market policies and
  guidelines for individual ACP Countries
• Supporting the regional organizations and the
  sub-regional economic groupings to develop and
  promote the use of harmonized ICT market policies
  and regulations in the area concerned
• Building human as well as institutional capacity
  in the field of ICT through a range of targeted
  training, education and knowledge sharing
  measures

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Partner organisations
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• HIPSSA project aims primarily at decision and
  law makers within ICT and telecommunication
  ministries and regulatory authorities but also at
  operators, civil society and all their
  representatives at national, sub-regional et
  regional levels
• 43 beneficiary countries in Sub-Sahara Africa,
  their national ministries in charge of ICT and
  telecommunication and their national regulatory
  agencies for telecommunication
• Regional economic communities (ECOWAS, WAEMU,
  ECCAS, CEMAC, COMESA, IGAD, ECA, SADC, etc.)
• Regional associations of telecommunication
  regulators (WATRA, ARTAC, ARICEA, CRASA, ATRN,
  EARTPO ,etc.)
• African Union (AU) and the NEPADs e-Africa
  Commission
• African Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank
  (WB)
• African Telecommunication Union (ATU)
• Organisations with related activities Pan
  African Postal Union (PAPU), African Union of
  Broadcasting (AUB), African Forum for Utility
  Regulators (AFUR)
• Operators and service providers associations
  (SATA, CETAO, AfrISPA)
• UN agencies (UNDP, UNECA, UNESCO)
• European Commission

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Project implementation at regional level
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• A first phase focusing on initial discussion and
  implementation at regional level will include the
  following steps
• A launching meeting in order to validate topics
  addressed by the project and their respective
  priorities, define specific sub-regional needs
  and agree on the projects global approach and
  its operational structure
• An assessment of existing regional harmonised
  frameworks, stakeholders constrains and
  opportunities and obstacles to regional models
  convergence
• Preparation of a strategic and operational plan
  towards the implementation of a global vision
  for ICT development on the continent
• Production, validation and adoption of
• policies and
• harmonized legislative and regulatory frameworks
• at sub-regional and regional levels in favour of
  a global ICT and telecommunication market in
  Sub-Sahara Africa
• A first raw of actions in favour of
  institutional and human capacity building at
  regional level with a focus on training regional
  trainers

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Project implementation at national level
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• A second phase of discussion and implementation
  at national level will include the following
  steps
• Appropriation of harmonized regional framework
  by stakeholders in each beneficiary country in
  order to indentify specific priorities and
  constrains for its national implementation
• Transposition of regional guidelines into the
  national legislative and regulatory frameworks of
  beneficiary countries in coherence with the
  national strategies of each of them
• A second raw of of actions in favor of
  institutional and human capacity building at
  national level with a focus on training national
  experts on updated regulatory tools
• A transversal component of information and
  knowledge sharing,, statistical data collection
  and interoperability of regulatory tools will be
  developed all along the project

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OVERVIEW OF REFORMS IN THE SECTOR

• From Natural Monopolies (except USA) to
  Competition (utilities)
• Government owned to private ownership
• IMPORTANCE OF ADEQUATE LEGAL INSTRUMENTS
• REGULATIONS REFEREE IN THE GAME?
• ISSUES AND RESULTS

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• LEGISLATION ? LEGAL INSTRUMENT ENABLE THINGS TO
  HAPPEN AT COUNTRY LEVEL

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UNDERSEA CABLES 2007
Source TeleGeography research
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Convergence What is it Why ?

• Convergence of technologies, of services, of
  applications, of devices, of markets, of
  companies is possible because of the evolution to
  all IP-based wireless and wired NGNs
• IP platforms are now capable of supporting
  multiple voice, data and video services and
  applications
• Convergence of technological platforms for
  telecommunications, information delivery,
  broadcasting and computing and the deployment of
  common network infrastructures for multiple
  communication services and applications.

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New issues

• Consumer protection
• Protection of minors
• Digital Rights Management
• Cyber security threats
• Network neutrality
• Internet governance
• Illegal use
• Content

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CONCLUDING

• ITU RESOURCES TO HELP REGULADORS AND POLICY MAKERS

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Toolkit Modules

• Regulating the Telecommunication sector
• Competition and price regulation
• Authorization of telecommunication services
• Universal Access Service
• Radio spectrum management
• Legal and institutional framework
• New technologies and their impact on regulation
• More modules to be developed in the
• Future
• www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/index.html

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Global Regulators Exchange (G-REX)

• An unique online forum for
• regulators and policy makers to
• exchange information and share
• experiences and best practices on pressing
  regulatory issues trough the regulators hotline
• www.itu.int/grex

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ICT Eye online portal

• Worlds unique one stop-shop for Telecom/ICT data
  collection and dissemination
• Allows visitors to access the latest trends and
  development in the ICT sector
• Centralize access to the various BDT databases
  and services (indicators, regulatory information,
  operators, tariffs policies)

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SOME SUGGESTION

• TECHNOLOGIES,SKILLS, DEMAND, FINANCES ARE
  AVAILABLE IN VARIOUS FORMS TO RESPOND TO THE
  CHALLENGES
• PARLIAMENTARIANS ARE THE DRIVERS THAT ENACT THE
  NECESSARY LEGAL INTRUMENTS TO MOVE US FORWARD
• OVERSEE THE IMPLEMTATION OF THE LAWS

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Thank You!

• www.itu.int