WELCOME TO A PRESENTATION ON

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WELCOME TO A PRESENTATION ON DISTRIBUTION
AUTOMATION S.PRATAP
KUMAR DIRECTOR TRANSMISSION, KPTCL,
BANGALORE
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What is Distribution Automation
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Function of Distribution Automation System
Remotely monitors the distribution system,
facilitates supervisory control of devices and
provides decision support tools to improve the
system performance

• SCADA
• (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)
• Application Functions

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• What is Distribution Automation ?
• A set of technologies that enable an electric
  utility to remotely monitor, coordinate and
  operate distribution components in a real-time
  mode from remote locations - (IEEE definition)
  

• DA is an umbrella concept that embraces all the
  other real-time and operational functions for the
  distribution network

Distribution Management (DMS)
Feeder Automation (FA)
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Need for Automation and Current trends
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What you get out of Automation
With... you receive
..which results to
Remote Control
Shorter outage times
Fast outage / fault management
Faster fault management
Fault indication
Shorter outage times
Protection
Actual current seen by relay
PM analysis
Measurements
More information from network
Accurate network analysis
Quality monitoring
Information on problem areas
Improved quality of power
Condition monitoring
Reduced maintenance intervals
Service information of switches
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Automation Systems and Functionality
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Automation Systems Distribution Utilities

• SCADA
• Distribution Management System (DMS)
• Geographical Information System (GIS)
• Automatic Meter Reading System (AMR)
• Outage Management System (OMS)
• Communication Systems
• Billing and Business Process Automation
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems

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Automation Systems Description

• Supervisory Control Data Acquisition Systems
  (SCADA)
• Develop and integrate Real-time SCADA systems
• Distribution Management Systems (DMS)
• Solutions for DMS systems for distribution
  utilities for faster Fault Location, Isolation
  and Supply Restoration (FLISR) and reduction in
  downtime
• Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
• GIS systems for asset management

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Automation Systems Description

• Automatic Meter Reading System
• Solutions for AMR systems for energy auditing
• High end consumer load profile monitoring
• Integrated with billing and other processes to
  reduce cycle time

• Communication System
• Fibre Optic (SCADA on Fibre Pilot for DMS
  completed)
• Mobile CDMA / GSM / GPRS
• VSAT / Low Power Radio
• Wimax (Pilot under progress)

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SCADA/DMS Functionalities
C

• Monitoring and Control of EHV and HV network
• Distribution Network Power Flow
• To execute real-time power flow studies for
  optimal switching
• Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration
  (FLISR)
• To determine the location of feeder faults
• Recommend actions to isolate the faulty sections
  restore supply to the healthy sections of
  feeders
• Switching Procedure Management
• To execute switching orders and inverted
  switching orders
• Voltage and VAR Control
• For optimal switching of Capacitor banks and OLTC
  control

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SCADA/DMS Functionalities

• Outage Management System (OMS)
• Keep records of forced and planned outages
• Load shedding and restoration
• Short Term Load Forecasting and Calculation of
  Quality Service Indices
• Optimal Feeder Reconfiguration (OFR)
• Judicious network switching to reduce losses and
  voltage problems
• Energy Balance
• - Gives insight into the energy flow and
  losses in the network

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Typical Integrated Solution Distribution Utility
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Key Design Parameters SCADA/DMS system

• User Interface Response Time
• Communication Media
• Type, Frequency and Quantity of Data Flow
• Data flows between different elements of the
  SCADA / DMS network
• RTU SCADA / DMS communication
• High load and Burst load scenarios
• Hardware sizing (SCADA / DMS servers, RTU)
• Scalability for future expansion
• Data flows between SCADA / DMS and other IT
  systems

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Levels of Automation
Substation Level Automation Feeder Level
Automation Customer Level Automation
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Operational problems and Potential Applications
of DAS

• Fault location, isolation and Service
  Restoration
• Maintaining good voltage profile
• Load Balancing
• Load Control
• Metering
• Maintaining Maps
• Fuse-off call operations
• Energy accounting

Recent Buzz words !! Outage Management
Customer Information Management
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Candidate Distribution Automation Functions
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Application Functions

• Network Reconfiguration

a) Fault localization b) Service Restoration c)
Load Balancing

• Integrated Volt-Var Control
• Remote Metering
• Automatic Load Shedding
• Load Management
• Automated Mapping and Facilities Management
  (AM/FM)
• Trouble Call Management System (TCMS)
• Load Survey and Energy Accounting

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Network Reconfiguration - Service Restoration

• Restores service to non-faulty feeder sections
  by reconfiguration

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Network Reconfiguration - Load Balancing
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Integrated Volt-Var Control
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Automatic Load Shedding

• Under Frequency based load shedding
• Sensing Frequency through transducers
• Load shedding based on the frequency drop,
  current loading
• conditions and priority of the load
• Closed loop function at RTU level

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Load Management - Emergency based load shedding

• Gap between power generation and load demand due
  to
• sudden contingencies
• To shed the loads based on the relief required
• Identification of loads to be shed based on
• - current load magnitudes
• - priority of the load
• - time when last shed
• Shed the load based on the above factors

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Trouble Call Management System (TCMS)

• Responds to customer complaints
• Acceptance of interruption/restoration data from
  the operator
• Distribution Transformer trip/close info from
  SCADA
• Determination of source of interruption
• Improvement of response time to customer
  complaints

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Load Survey and Energy Accounting

• Availability of continuous data on loads etc.,
• Determination of Load Patterns
• Data for planning
• Detection of abnormal energy consumption
  pattern
• Identification of high loss areas

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Tangible Benefits
Customer interface Automation
Substation Automation
Feeder Automation

• Reduction in Capital Expenditure
• due to
• Deferment of additional substation
• facilities
• Effective utilization of substation
• facilities

• Reduction in OM Costs of
• Regular Meter Reading
• Reprogramming of Meters
• Service Connect/Disconnect
• Processing of Customer Claims

• Reduction in Capital Expenditure
• due to
• Deferment of additional feeders
• Effective utilization of existing
• feeders

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Bangalore Distribution Automation System

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Need of Distribution Automation in Bangalore City
Load Profile of Bangalore Metropolitan Area
Existing Demand of Bangalore Metropolitan Area is
1500 MWS Bangalore is the fastest Growing city
in the country Studies conducted to forecast
future Load Requirement Load of Bangalore will
be doubled by 2011-12 Projected Demand of
Bangalore by 2011-12 is 2428 MWS
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Need of Distribution Automation in Bangalore City

• Load Profile of Bangalore Metropolitan
  Area
• Existing Demand of Bangalore
• Metropolitan Area is 1437 MWS
• Bangalore is the fastest Growing city
• in the country
• Studies conducted to forecast future
• Load Requirement
• Load of Bangalore will be doubled by
• 2011-12
• Projected Demand of Bangalore by
• 2011-12 is 2428 MWS

• Power Supply Reliability
• The present Reliability Index in Bangalore
  City is 99.
• Annual Average consumer hours lost due to
• 11kV feeder interruption - 64.57 Hours
• 66kV feeder / sub-station 20.22 Hours
• DTC / LT interruptions 1.43 Hours.
• Total 86.2 Hrs/Year/Consumer

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Need of Distribution Automation in Bangalore City

• Bangalore is the most potential location for
  software business, IT Enabled Services Biotech
  owing to its inherent strength.
• Majority of IT activity not only in the State
  but also in the country is concentrated in
  Bangalore.
• Bangalore has been at the forefront of industrial
  growth in India with enterprising citizens
  ideal choice for investment infrastructure.
• Bangalore refer to as the Silicon Valley of India
  accounts for highest software exports in the
  Country.
• Bangalore City Contributes more than 70 of
  BESCOM total revenue.
• Support from State Government for foreign
  Investment.
• Electronic equipment manufacturing as well as
  Garment industries are developing in Bangalore
  City.
• In rush for investment from foreign investors.
• Increased Demand from Residential Layouts
• Demand due to establishing new International
  Airport

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Scope of the Works in Bangalore DAS

• Drawing 11kV new lines with Coyote ACSR conductor
  to suit the overhead system for distribution
  automation.
• Providing 11kV, 400 Sq mm UG/AB cable to suit the
  overhead system for distribution automation.
• Retrofitting of existing RMU Operating Devices
  (OD) with VCBs and providing motorized
  mechanism.
• Providing motorized mechanism for Vertical Lines
  (VL) and ODs of new and old RMUs.
• Providing compact RMUs for spur points of
  overhead lines.
• Providing sectionalizers with communication
  facility between two VLs.
• Providing Remote Terminal Units (RTU) with
  communication facility at all RMU locations.
• Providing SCADA system at each of the sub-station
  with necessary hardware and software.
• Establishing Master Control Center at Corporate
  level with necessary communication, hardware and
  software.

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The Bangalore Distribution Automation System aims
at achieving

• Control of 11 KV feeders
• Operation of line sectionalisers, motorised
  isolators, auto reclosures
• Data acquisition from load end CTs and PTs
• Operation of CBs for switched capacitor banks
• Use of customized EMS Software packages with
  real time data collected through RTUs
• Issue, control and receiving back of line clears,
  introduce interlock and safety algorithm,
  password protected operating environment
• Real time logging of data / archived records of
  hours of service,Equipment data base
• Integration with Geographical Information System
  (GIS) Software packages

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System Configuration of DAS
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Integrated Distribution Automation system

• Real time control over the costly energy sold.
• Improved efficiency results in lower costs,
• Better reliability in power supply, planned
  control actions,
• Optimum power factor, reduction in losses.
• Improved efficiency also results in reduction of
  the Green House gases and consequent improvement
  in the environment.
• Enables online energy audit (AMR Systems) which
  is now receiving the focused attention of all
  utilities

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Project Implementation

• The project will be implemented in Phases.
• Under Phase I, as a pilot project Peenya
  Industrial Area, EPIP area and Electronic city
  area are identified. Completion period 6 months.
• In the second Phase BESCOM is planning to take up
  the Distribution Automation of the entire
  existing RMUs (Cable network) along with the
  improvements required for overhead distribution
  to suit the overhead system for Automation.
  Completion period 9 months.
• Under Phase III, BESCOM is planning to take up
  the Distribution Automation of the entire over
  head network. Completion period 9 months.
• Total Cost of the Project is about 563 Crores.
• The Japan Bank for International Cooperation
  (JBIC) is extending financial assistance for this
  project