Avicenna A.K.A Ibn Sina Peak

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Avicenna A.K.A Ibn Sina Peak

• Presented by
• Yandiry Saldana

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The Father of Modern Medicine

• Title
• Sharaf al-Mulk, Hujjat al-Haq, Sheikh al-Rayees
• Birth approximately 980 CE / 370 AH
• Death 1037 CE / 428 AH
• Ethnicity Persian
• Region Central Asia and Persia
• Born In Persia Bukhara Province

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The Man of the Hour

• Avicenna (Greek Aß?t??a???), was a Persian
  polymath and the foremost physician and
  philosopher of his time. He was also an
  astronomer, chemist, geologist, logician,
  paleontologist, mathematician, physicist, poet,
  psychologist, scientist, soldier, statesman, and
  teacher.

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Main Interests

• Islamic medicine
• Alchemy
• chemistry in Islam
• Islamic astronomy
• Islamic ethics
• early Islamic philosophy
• Islamic studies
• logic in Islamic philosophy geography
• mathematics
• Islamic psychological thought
• physics
• Persian poetry
• science
• Kalam
• Paleontologist

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His Own School Avicennism

• School tradition
• Is a school of early
• Islamic philosophy which began during the
  middle of the Islamic Golden Age.
• Founded by Avicenna (Ibn Sina)
• Attempted to redefine the course of Islamic
  philosophy and channel it into new directions.

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Cont. of his Avicennism School

• The key to this philosophy is conceptualization
  of the world as contingent in itself but
  necessary with references to its causes, leading
  back to ultimately to the First Cause. The main
  innovations in this philosophy are the definite
  distinction of essence from existence and its
  relation to the cosmological proof he devised,
  the ontological argument for the existence of God
  from the metaphysics of contingency and
  necessity, his idea about knowledge and
  "individuality of the dissimbodied soul" and his
  "Floating Man" thought experiment.
• Avicennism eventually became the leading school
  of Islamic philosophy by the 12th century and had
  become a central authority on philosophy by then.

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Success

• Ibn Sina wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide
  range of subjects, of which around 240 have
  survived. In particular, 150 of his surviving
  treatises concentrate on philosophy and 40 of
  them concentrate on medicine

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Cont. of Success

• His most famous works are The Book of Healing, a
  vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia,
  and The Canon of Medicine.
• His books, which is a standard medical text at
  many Islamic and European universities. The Canon
  of Medicine was used as a text-book in the
  universities of Montpellier and Louvain as late
  as 1650

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A Few of his DiscoveriesMedicine and
Pharmacology

• The introduction of
• infectious diseases
• quarantine to limit the spread of contagious
  diseases,
• experimental medicine
• evidence-based medicine
• clinical trials
• randomized controlled trials
• clinical pharmacology
• neuropsychiatry
• risk factor analysis,
• dietetics
• tuberculosis
• diabetes
• heart as a valve
• And the influence of climate and environment on
  health.
• momentum
• aromatherapy
• steam distillation

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Cont. Discoveries

• The Canon of Medicine, 14-volume which was a
  standard medical text in Europe and the Islamic
  world up until the 18th century
• A Latin copy of the Canon of Medicine, dated
  1484, located at the P.I. Nixon Medical
  Historical Library of The University of Texas
  Health Science Center at San Antonio
• dated 1593

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Avicenna's Four Humours and Temperaments

Evidence Hot Cold Moist Dry
Morbid states inflammations become febrile fevers related to serious humour, rheumatism lassitude loss of vigour
Functional power deficient energy deficient digestive power difficult digestion
Subjective sensations bitter taste, excessive thirst, burning at cardia Lack of desire for fluids mucoid salivation, sleepiness insomnia, wakefulness
Physical signs high pulse rate, lassitude flaccid joints diarrhea, swollen eyelids, rough skin, acquired habit rough skin, acquired habit
Foods medicines calefacients harmful, infrigidants beneficial infrigidants harmful, calefacients beneficial moist articles harmful dry regimen harmful, humectants beneficial
Relation to weather worse in summer worse in winter bad in autumn
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Psychophysiology and Psychosomatic medicine

• Recognized 'physiological psychology' in the
  treatment of illnesses involving emotions, and
  developed a system for associating changes in the
  pulse rate with inner feelings
• Avicenna is reported to have treated a very ill
  patient by "feeling the patient's pulse and
  reciting aloud to him the names of provinces,
  districts, towns, streets, and people." He
  noticed how the patient's pulse increased when
  certain names were mentioned, from which Avicenna
  deduced that the patient was in love with a girl
  whose home Avicenna was "able to locate by the
  digital examination." Avicenna advised the
  patient to marry the girl he is in love with, and
  the patient soon recovered from his illness after
  his marriage.

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Early Life

• Ibn Sina's was born with an extraordinary
  intelligence and memory, which allowed him to
  overtake his teachers at the age of fourteen.
• As he said in his autobiography there wasn't
  anything which he hadn't learned when he reached
  eighteen.
• By the age of 10 he had memorized the Qur'an and
  a great deal of Persian poetry as well.

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Cont. Early Life

• Ibn Sina's when a teenager, he was greatly
  troubled by the Metaphysics of Aristotle, which
  he could not understand until he read al-Farabi's
  
• He turned to medicine at age16 and attended of
  the sick
• He discovered new methods of treatment.
• At age 18 he was full status as a qualified
  physician
• "Medicine is no hard and thorny science, like
  mathematics and metaphysics, so I soon made great
  progress I became an excellent doctor and began
  to treat patients, using approved remedies."
• The youthful physician's fame spread quickly, and
  he treated many patients without asking for
  payment.

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Reward

• An Emir rewarded him for his services.
• To the access of the royal library of the
  Samanids, well-known patrons of scholarship and
  scholars.
• When the library was destroyed by fire not long
  after, the enemies of Ibn Sina accused him of
  burning it

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Engineering

• Encyclopedia Mi'yar al-'aql (The Measure of the
  Mind)
• Science of ingenious devices
• simple machines
• lever
• pulley
• screw
• wedge,
• windlass

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Lever

• Levers can be used to exert a large force over a
  small distance at one end by exerting only a
  small force over a greater distance at the other.

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Pulley

• A rope, cable or belt usually runs inside the
  groove. Pulleys are used to change the direction
  of an applied force, transmit rotational motion,
  or realize a mechanical advantage in either a
  linear or rotational system of motion.

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Screw

• Its main uses are as a threaded fastener used to
  hold objects together, and as a simple machine
  used to translate torque into linear force.

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Wedge

• It can be used to separate two objects, or
  portions of objects, lift an object, or hold an
  object in place.

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Windlasses

• Used on boats to raise anchor as an alternative
  to a vertical capstan. See anchor windlass.

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Later life

• The remaining ten or twelve years of Ibn Sina's
  life were spent in the service of Abu Ja'far 'Ala
  Addaula, whom he accompanied as physician and
  general literary and scientific adviser, even in
  his numerous campaigns.
• Literary matters and philology
• "I prefer a short life with width to a narrow
  one with length".

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Death

• He died in June 1037, in his fifty-eighth year,
  and was buried in Hamedan, Iran

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Poetry Originally written by Ibn Sina

• ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???,Up from Earth's Centre
  through the Seventh Gate
• ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??,I rose, and on the
  Throne of Saturn sate,
• ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ? ???,And many Knots
  unravel'd by the Road
• ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???.But not the
  Master-Knot of Human Fate.
• When some of his opponents blame him for
  blasphemy, he says
• ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ???? ????
• The blasphemy of somebody like me is not easy and
  exorbitant
• ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
• There isn't any stronger faith than my faith
• ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ?? ????
• If there is just one person like me in the world
  and that one is impious
• ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????
• So there are no Muslims in the whole world.

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• The End

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References

• Edward  G. Browne (1921) Arabian Medicine,
  London, Cambridge University Press.
• Ynez Viole O'Neill (1973) in Mcgraw-Hill
  Encyclopaedia of World Biography vol I Aalto to
  Bizet.
• http//www.answers.com/topic/avicenna
• http//www.ummah.net/history/scholars/ibn_sina/

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Aorta

• The aorta is the main trunk of a series of
  vessels which convey the oxygenated blood to the
  tissues of the body for their nutrition.
• The aorta leaves the heart and travels toward the
  head.
• The arteries that take the blood to the head are
  located on something called the aortic arch.

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The Aorta

• Ascending aorta-is about 5 cm. in length. It
  commences at the upper part of the base of the
  left ventricle.
• Descending aorta-goes behind the heart and down
  the center of the body.

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Thoracic Aortic Injury (Trauma)

• Aortic trauma is most common in motor vehicle and
• motorcycle accidents of significant severity.
  Motor vehicle
• accidents in which aortic injury should be
  suspected include
• those in which
• Rollover of the vehicle occurs
• A fatality is involved
• A person is ejected from the vehicle
• The vehicle sustains a dent of more than 12
  inches
• A prolonged period of time was required to
  extricate the victim from the vehicle
• The jaws of life are used
• A pedestrian is struck by a car going more than
  20 miles per hour

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Diagnose of the Aorta

• This patient will require emergent diagnosis and
  scanning, usually done by spiral CT with
  contrast. If a positive diagnosis is made, the
  patient will require surgical resection of 2 to 3
  inches of the aorta and replacement with a Dacron
  graft.

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The Arm

• Brachial artery-the principal artery of the upper
  arm that is the continuation of the axillary
  artery.
• Radial artery- (Also known as radialis) starts in
  the mid forearm, the radial artery lies beneath
  the brachioradialis that receives arterial
  branches just below the elbow.

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The Leg

• Femoral Artery -is a large artery of the thigh.
  It is a continuation of the external iliac
  artery, which comes from the abdominal aorta.
• Femoral vein -is a blood vessel that accompanies
  the femoral artery in the femoral sheath. It
  begins at the adductor canal and is a
  continuation of the popliteal vein.

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Doctors Office

• Evaluating Your HeartTo evaluate your heart,
  your doctor examines you, asks you questions, and
  may do some tests. Along with looking for signs
  of congestive heart failure, the doctor looks for
  any underlying condition that may have caused
  your heart to weaken. The doctor uses the results
  of the evaluation to help develop a program to
  treat your heart.And this are one the
  procedures.
• Remember, the doctor is your friend not the enemy.

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Life Adjustmentsfor a Healthy Heart

• Reducing your weight by just 10 pounds may be
  enough to lower your blood pressure and
  cholesterol
• This are some ways that will influence a healthy
  way of living.
• Brisk walks with dogs
• Playing an active sport
• Going for a swim
• Shopping
• Gardening
• Sexual intercourse
• Dancing
• Eating healthy essentials - NO SATURATED FATS!

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Conclusion

• The body system works together to make the heart
  function properly. If any vein or artery gets
  plaque or punctured you need to get immediate
  attention. Treat your body as if it was a fragile
  convertible Ferrari that needs maintenance every
  three months. You wouldnt let your precious car
  of five hundred thousand dollars die on you,
  would you?

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Works Cited

• http//www.globalclassroom.org/hemo.html
• http//www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_search_re
  sults.jsp
• http//www.cedars-sinai.edu/6203.html
• http//www.bartleby.com/107/168.html
• http//wikipidia.com/