Types%20of%20Chemical%20Reactions - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Types%20of%20Chemical%20Reactions

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Types of Chemical Reactions States of matter symbols used in chemical equations (s) solid (l) liquid (aq) in aqueous solution (dissolved in water) (g) gas Types of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Types%20of%20Chemical%20Reactions


1
Types of Chemical Reactions
2
States of matter symbols used in chemical
equations
  • (s) solid
  • (l) liquid
  • (aq) in aqueous solution (dissolved in water)
  • (g) gas

3
Types of Chemical Reactions
  1. Synthesis
  2. Decomposition
  3. Single Displacement
  4. Double Displacement
  5. Combustion

4
Synthesis
  • Two or more reactants combine to form a single
    product
  • A B ? AB General Form
  • Example
  • 2Al(s) 3Br2(l) ? 2AlBr3(s)

5
Decomposition
  • A single reactant breaks down to form multiple
    products. Often energy is required.
  • JK ? J K General Form
  • Example

6
Single Displacement
  • One reactant replaces a similar component in the
    other reactant.
  • Cation Displacement
  • General Form A BX ? AX B
  • Anion Displacement
  • General Form Y BX ? BY X

7
Double Displacement
  • Two cations and two anions swap components and
    rearrange.
  • General Form
  • AX BY ? AY BX
  • Example
  • AgNO3 NaCl ? AgCl NaNO3

8
Combustion
  • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing
    large amounts of energy in the form of light and
    heat. Usually combustion rxns yield the products
    carbon dioxide and water.
  • General Form CxHy O2 ? CO2 H2O
  • Example The metabolism of glucose.
  • C6H12O6(s) 6O2(g) ? 6CO2(g) 6H2O(l)

9
Combustion of Fuel
  • Lets look at what happens in a carburetor/fuel
    injector when gasoline is burned. This
    exothermic reaction produces lots of heat energy
    and carbon dioxide gas and water vapor that
    drives the pistons to rotate a turbine. This
    turns the drive shaft, which is transferred into
    tire rotation. The accelerator is what regulates
    the amount of fuel entering the engine to be
    burned.

10
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