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The Second World War

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Title: The Second World War


1
The Second World War
  • Mr. Ermer
  • World History AP
  • Miami Beach Senior High

2
Path To War
  • 1920s Hitler tells Germans they are destined to
    rule a land to the east
  • Starts preparing for war with Soviet Union
  • 1935 Hitler creates an air force, starts draft
  • This violates Treaty of Versailles
  • 1936 Germany militarizes the Rhineland
  • Britain takes policy of appeasement
  • Hitler backs up Italys invasion of Ethiopia
  • Both support Franco in Spanish Civil War
  • Germany signs anti-commie treaty with Japan
  • Mussolini calls partnership Berlin-Rome Axis

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Nazis on the March
  • 1938 Germany annexes Austria
  • Hitler demands part of Czechoslovakia
  • Munich conf. grants Hitler the Sudetenland
  • 1939 Hitler takes the rest of western Czech
  • Hitler also controls independent Slovakia
  • Hitler threatens Poland, Britain offers help
  • France and Britain begin to negotiate with Joseph
    Stalin, know Soviets are powerful enough to hold
    off Germany in E. Europe

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6
Nazis and Communism
  • To prevent a two front war (like WWI) Hitler
    makes agreement with Stalin
  • Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
  • Promises Stalin half of Poland and the Baltics
  • Hitler plans to take those lands back when he
    attacks the Soviet Union anyway
  • September 1, 1939 Hitler invades Poland
  • September 3, 1939 The United Kingdom and France
    declare war on Germany

7
Japans Path To War
  • September 1931 Japan seizes Manchuria
  • League of Nations condemns the attack
  • Japan pulls out of the League of Nations
  • Japanese begin to expand into N. China
  • China was in the middle of civil war
  • 1936 Chiang Kai-shek (non-Communist) joins
    forces with Communists against Japanese, Japan
    takes capital of Nanjing
  • Cheng moves the government upriver

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New Asian Order
  • Japan wants the Chinese to join them in a New
    Asian Order where Japan can lead all of East Asia
    to prosperity, and power
  • Japan wants eastern Russia (Siberia)
  • Japan and Germany join forces against USSR
  • Germanys nonaggression pact with Stalin makes
    Japan look south for resources
  • Japan invades SE Asia, Europe/US not happy
  • US imposes sanctions on Japan
  • Japan launches a surprise attack on US and
    European targets in the Pacific/SE Asia

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11
Japan At War
  • December 7, 1941 Japan bombs Hawaii
  • Also attack US Philippines and British Malaya
  • April 1942 Japan controls most of Asia and
    western Pacific Ocean
  • Japan establishes a community in Asia
  • Japanese attacks unify Americans for war
  • Hitler declares war on the United States,
    thinking the US will be distracted by Japan
  • The world is at waragain.

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13
Europe At War
  • Europe is stunned by efficiency of Nazi army
  • Blitzkrieg lightning war 300 tanks supported
    by air and ground support
  • April 9, 1940 Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway
  • May 10 attack Netherlands, Belgium, France
  • June 22 France surrenders, Germans control 3/5
    of France, set up puppet government
  • United States denounces Germany, stays out of
    warisolationism, but supplies UK with weapons,
    food, planes, ships, supplies

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16
The Battle of Britain
  • August 1940 German Luftwaffe launches air attack
    of Great Britainmilitary only
  • Radar provides British early warning
  • British bomb Berlin, Hitler unleashes brutal air
    attack of British citiesLondon
  • Allows Britain to quickly rebuild air force
  • Luftwaffe having trouble with new air force
  • Hitler postpones invasion of Britain

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18
Attack on the Soviets
  • Hitler thinks UK holding for hope of USSR
  • Hitler wants British gone, attacks Soviets
  • Soviets did not have weapons like Germany
  • Hitler expects Soviets to go down quick
  • Originally wanted to invade March 1941
  • Mussolinis failed invasion of Greece delays
    plans
  • Hitler invades USSR June 22, 1941
  • Germany advances quickly, but Soviets stop them
    in early winter
  • Germans unprepared for Russian winter, fail

19
Battle of Stalingrad
20
New European Order
  • When Germans conquered eastern Europe they
    planned on killing Slavs and Jews and
    repopulating the area with Germans
  • Plans set in motion soon after taking over
  • Himmler plans on killing 30 million Slavs
  • 1940 Germany uses 7 million slaves
  • Einsatzgruppen Death squads, kill Jews
  • 6 million Jews also killed in death squads
  • 13 million orphaned children in Europe

21
New Asian Order
  • Japans slogan Asia for the Asiatics
  • Puppet governments established
  • Resources used to benefit Japanese
  • 1944-45 over 1 million Vietnamese starve
  • Japanese regularly kill, rape, rob locals
  • Used captured people as slaves
  • Rebels coordinate with American forces
  • POWs forced into labor for Japanese

22
The Raping of Nanjing 280,000 Chinese
killed 80,000 women raped
23
Mobilization of America
  • WWIImore total war than WWI
  • Even more women go to work in WWII
  • United States provides weapons to Allies
  • African Americans move north and west looking for
    work, women go to work
  • Causes tension among established residents
  • 110,000 Asian Americans moved to internment camps
    out east, take oath
  • New place for women and minorities, leads to
    civil rights movement

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25
Camp Miami Beach
26
The Allies Advance
  • US, UK, USSR form Grand Alliance, stress military
    operations, not political differences
  • Agree to fight until all Axis Powers surrender
  • 1942 War turns against Germany, Japan
  • Nov 42 Allies invade N. Africa, defeat Germans
    May 43
  • Feb 43 German Sixth Army surrenders at
    Stalingrad
  • June 42 USA sinks 4 Japanese carriers at Midway
  • Gen MacArthur begins offensive in Philippines
  • Combined Army, Marine and Navy island hopping
  • May 1943 Axis Tunisia surrenders
  • September 1943 Allies invade Italy

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29
The European Theater
  • After Allies take Sicily, King Victor Emanuel III
    arrests Mussolini, freed by Germans
  • June 1944 Allies take Rome
  • June 6, 1944 D-Day Allies invade France
  • Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower plans invasion of
    Normandys beaches, then on to Germany
  • August 44 Allies take Paris
  • March 45 Allies cross into Germany
  • April 45 Soviets enter Berlin, US not far away
  • April 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicide
  • May 7, 1945 Germany surrenders

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31
The Asian Theater
  • April 1945 US President Franklin Delano
    Roosevelt, replaced by Harry S Truman
  • Allied forces approach Japanese homeland
  • Japanese refuse to surrender
  • Truman must decide to use new atomic bomb
  • August 6, 1945 Atomic bomb dropped on Japanese
    city Hiroshima
  • Emperor refuses to surrender
  • Aug 9, 1945 second atom bomb dropped on Nagasaki
  • Japan Surrenders on August 14, 1945

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34
Peace A New War
  • Allied victory brings tensions b/w powers
  • Cold War United States and Soviet Union enter
    period of ideological conflict
  • Tehran Conference Meeting of the Big Three
    Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin
  • Outlines final attack on Germany (1943)
  • Split Germany between, east and west, US-UK
    forces and Soviet forces
  • Soviets would liberate eastern Europe

35
The Yalta Conference
  • The Big Three meet in February 1945
  • Roosevelt seeks Soviet help with Japan
  • Promises Japanese land to Stalin in exchange
  • All three join new United Nations
  • First meeting set for April 1945 in San Francisco
  • After war Germany to be split into four parts
    controlled by US, UK, USSR France
  • Sides divided over setting free elections

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37
Potsdam and New Struggles
  • July 1945 Potsdam Conference, Germany
  • President Truman replaces Roosevelt
  • Truman demands elections for Europe
  • Stalin refuses to allow them, knows better
  • Soviets had lost more than other Allies
  • Big Three agree to trials of Nazi war criminals
    in Nuremberg Germany(1945-1946)
  • Churchill iron curtain has descended on the
    continent splitting Europe east/west

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