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Emission data needs for international reporting and assessments

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Emission data needs for international reporting and assessments Joint UNECE and EIONET workshop on emission inventories and projections 6-8 May 2002, Cordoba, Spain – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Emission data needs for international reporting and assessments


1
Emission data needs for international reporting
and assessments
  • Joint UNECE and EIONET workshop on emission
    inventories and projections
  • 6-8 May 2002, Cordoba, Spain
  •   
  • André Jol
  • European Environment Agency

2
Contents
  • Why do we need emission inventories and
    indicators?
  • What are main reporting requirements?
  • Are we making progress in streamlining and
    harmonising?
  • How can emission data be of use for assessments?
  • Future developments?

3
Why do we need emission inventories and
indicators?
  • Quantify the pressures and to assess, by air
    quality modelling, the impacts on the state of
    the environment, on human health and on materials
  • Develop abatement strategies and prioritise
    policies and measures for the main source
    categories (sectors) in a cost-effective way
    (integrated assessment)
  • Monitor the effects of implemented policies and
    measures (reduced or avoided emissions and
    reduced impacts) at various levels (individual
    company, sectors, national, international)
  • Monitor the level of integration of environmental
    concerns into sectoral policies and economic
    accounting
  • Inform policymakers and the public using
    indicators

4
Data quality demands are still increasing
  • Increasing demand for timely and high quality
    data for all user needs
  • reliable (accurate) detailed trends (use of the
    best scientific methodology)
  • consistent over time (preferably use of the same
    method for the complete time series)
  • comparable between countries (use of same source
    categories)
  • complete (covering all major source sectors in
    the geographic area of concern)
  • transparent (assumptions and methodologies used
    should be clearly explained and documented)

5
Main emission reporting requirements (1)UNFCCC
and EU GHG Monitoring Mechanism
  • UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol and Marrakech Accords
    (CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6 and carbon sinks)
  • EU Council Decision on a GHG Monitoring Mechanism
    (to be revised in 2002)
  • Annual reporting of greenhouse gas UNFCCC by 15
    April (N-15 months) and EU by 31 December (N-12
    months). Same guidelines and methodologies for
    FCCC and EU
  • UNFCCC Guidelines and Common Reporting Format,
    being revised during 2002
  • 1996 IPCC Guidelines and Good Practice Guidance
    and Uncertainty Management
  • LULUCF (carbon sinks) Guidance being developed
  • EU needs to compile an annual inventory (15 MS)

6
Main emission reporting requirements (2) UNECE
CLRTAP and EU NEC
  • UNECE CLRTAP and Protocols (acidifying
    pollutants, ozone precursors, HM, POPs,
    particulates)
  • EU National Emission Ceiling Directive
    (acidifying pollutants, ozone precursors)
  • Annual reporting by 31 Dec (N-12 months) (15
    Feb). EU NEC first reporting by 31/12/2002
  • Same guidelines and methodologies for FCCC and
    EU
  • New CLRTAP Draft Reporting Guidelines (NFR, more
    harmonised with CRF)
  • EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric Emission Inventory
    Guidebook (third edition 2001)
  • EU needs to compile an annual inventory (15 MS)

7
Main other reporting requirements EU GHG MM and
EU NEC
  • EU GHG MM, annual reporting on (updates of)
    national programmes (national communications
    FCCC) with
  • GHG emission projections for 2010 with measures
    (baseline), with additional measures,
    underlying data
  • Policies and measures and their effectiveness
  • Specific MM Guidelines
  • EU NEC Directive
  • First report on national programmes, 1 October
    2002 (update by 1 Oct 2006)
  • Annual reporting of projections for 2010

8
Main emission reporting requirements Other EU
legislation
  • Large Combustion Plant Directive SO2, NOx
    (annual)
  • Directive on the limitation of emissions of VOC
  • Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control
    (IPPC) Directive and Commission Decision on a
    European Pollutant Emission Register. Pollutants
    37 to air, 26 to water. Guidance document is
    available (2000). First reporting in 2003
    (3-yearly).

9
Are we making progress in streamlining and
harmonising?
  • Harmonisation between CLRTAP/NFR and UNFCCC/CRF
    was a step forward and frequency of reporting is
    in line
  • Potential remaining problems (geographical scope
    definition of transport emissions large point
    sources)?
  • To increase confidence in data possibly review
    process required in LRTAP similar to UNFCCC
  • EEA aims at improving data flow between
    countries, the Commission, Eurostat, the
    Conventions and to EEA
  • EEA provides support to EEA member countries
    (CollectER/ReportER, COPERT III) and through
    workshops

10
How can emission data be of use for assessments?
  • CAFE Baseline scenario (emission projections)
  • Consistency needed between CAFE base year
    emissions and inventory data (for 2000), also for
    underlying activity data and socio-economic
    scenarios (PRIMES)
  • Consistency between source categories for
    inventories and for scenarios (usually more
    aggregated)
  • Inventory knowledge on technological developments
    (e-factors) can be useful for projections
  • Use of emission data in EEA indicator reports
    (Signals) and sectoral reports (TERM, EER).

11
Objective restrain transport growth
Trends in tonne-km and GDP, EU 15
Source Eurostat, 2001
Transport growth strongly linked to GDP growth
12
Objective improving transport eco-efficiency
Trends in transport and its environmental
pressures, EU 15
Sources Eurostat, 2001 EEA, 2001
Transport CO2 emissions increased by 15 
between 1990 and 1998
13
Country targets and comparisons?
Transport NOx emissions change1990-1999
Transport CO2 emissions change 1990-1999

United Kingdom
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Germany
Sweden
Luxembourg
Germany
Netherlands
France
Finland
Denmark
France
Italy
Denmark
Netherlands
Italy
Belgium
Belgium
Austria
Greece
Spain
Austria
Portugal
Spain
Ireland
Portugal
Greece
Ireland
EU-15
EU14
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Source EEA ETC-AE, 2000
14
Objective fair and efficient pricing
Trends in transport energy consumption and fuel
prices, EU 15
Source Eurostat, 2001 CE 2000
Transport fuel price trends do not encourage
energy efficiency
15
TERM challenges policy effectiveness and
prospective analyses
Million tonnes NOx
8
reference emissions
Shift petrol to diesel
7
3-way catalysts
6
Heavy duty vehicle emission standards (stage 1)
5
actual emissions
Emission standards passenger cars and heavy duty
vehicles
4
0
Source ETC-AE,2000
1986
1988
1990
1996
1998
1982
1984
1992
1994
Significant NOx reduction due to cleaner fuels
and technologies, but not sufficient to reach
EU targets
16
Future developments
  • New demands Kyoto Protocol, NECD, emissions to
    water (EPER/IPPC)
  • National Inventory System involving all actors
    (scientific organisations, national environmental
    protection agencies, national statistical
    institutes, industry and environmental NGOs)
  • Improved accessibility of the national activity
    statistics
  • Further development of methodologies focus on
    PM also heavy metals, POPs emissions to water.
  • Increasing need to link inventories and
    scenarios/emission projections through
    cooperation with integrated assessment
    experts/modellers
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