RENEWABLE ENERGY

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

• By Jorge Marín and Fernando Martín

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Just a few info to start

• A Renewable energy is an energy which comes
  from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rai
  n, tides, and geothermal heat.
• About 16 of global final energy consumption
  comes from renewable, with 10 coming from
  traditional biomass, which is mainly used
  for heating, and 3.4 from hydroelectricity. New
  renewable (small hydro, modern biomass, wind,
  solar, geothermal, and biofuels) accounted for
  another 3 and are growing very rapidly.

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Wind Power

• Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into
  a useful form of energy. For example
• wind turbines to make electricity.
•  windmills for mechanical power.
• wind pumps for water pumping or drainage.
• sails to propel ships.

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Wind Farms

• A large wind farm may consist of several hundred
  individual wind turbines which are connected to
  the electric power transmission network. Later
  the electricity created by this turbines will be
  transported to all the cities near there.
• Many of the largest operational wind farms are
  located in the USA and China.

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Environmental Effects

• Compared to the environmental impact of
  traditional energy sources, the environmental
  impact of wind power is relatively minor.
• Wind power consumes no fuel, and emits no air
  pollution, unlike fossil fuel power sources.
• The energy consumed to manufacture and transport
  the materials used to build a wind power plant is
  equal to the new energy produced by the plant
  within a few months.
• Although a wind farm may cover a large area of
  land, many land uses such as agriculture are
  compatible.

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In the future

• Globally, the long-term technical potential of
  wind energy is believed to be five times total
  current global energy production, or 40 times
  current electricity demand. This could require
  wind turbines to be installed over large areas,
  particularly in areas of higher wind resources.

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Hydropower

• Hydropower or water power is power derived from
  the energy of falling water.
• The term is used almost exclusively in
  conjunction with the modern development
  of hydro-electric power.

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Types of Hydropower

• Conventional hydroelectric, referring to
  hydroelectric dams.
• Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity, which captures
  the kinetic energy in rivers or streams, without
  the use of dams.
• Small hydro projects are 10 megawatts or less and
  often have no artificial reservoirs.
• Micro hydro projects provide a few kilowatts to a
  few hundred kilowatts to isolated homes,
  villages, or small industries.
• Pumped-storage hydroelectricity stores water
  pumped during periods of low demand to be
  released for generation when demand is high.

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Solar energy

• Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the
  sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient
  times using a range of ever-evolving
  technologies.
• Solar energy technologies include solar
  photovoltaics (PV) and Solar thermal energy
  (STE).

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Photovoltaics

• Photovoltaics (PV) is a method for generating
  electric power by using solar cells to convert
  energy from the sun into a flow of electrons.
• Photovoltaics power generation employs solar
  panels composed of a number of solar cells
  containing a photovoltaic material.
• Materials presently used for photovoltaics
  include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline
  silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride,
  and copper indium gallium selenide/sulfide.

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• Solar cells produce direct current electricity
  from sun light, which can be used to power
  equipment or to recharge a battery. The first
  practical application of photovoltaics was to
  power orbiting satellites and other spacecraft.

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• Solar photovoltaics is growing rapidly to a total
  global capacity of 67,400 megawatts (MW) at the
  end of 2011, representing 0.5 of worldwide
  electricity demand.
• More than 100 countries use solar PV.
• Map of solar electricity
  potential in Europe.

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• Installations may be ground-mounted (and
  sometimes integrated with farming and grazing) or
  built into the roof or walls of a building
  (building-integrated photovoltaics).

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Solar thermal energy (STE)

• Solar thermal energy (STE) is a technology for
  harnessing solar energy for thermal energy (heat).

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• Solar thermal collectors can be
• Low-temperature collectors are flat plates
  generally used to heat swimming pools.
• Medium-temperature collectors are also usually
  flat plates but are used for heating water or air
  for residential and commercial use.

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• High-temperature collectors concentrate sunlight
  using mirrors or lenses and are generally used
  for electric power production.
• STE is different from and much more efficient
  than photovoltaics.

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Biomass

• Energy converted by vegetation
• Ecologic energy
• Teorically infinite

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Biomass

• Most common form of obteining biomass is from
  forests
• Specific growings
• Excrements

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Biofuel

• Fuel
• Bioethanol and biodiesel
• Bioethanol is formed by sugars
• Byodiesel came from vegetal oils

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Pros and cons

• NOT an ecologic energy
• Not whorthwile
• Less toxic than oil and fuel

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Geothermal

• Came from the heat of the earth
• Two tipes of thermal area
• Hidrothermal
• Hidroelectric

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Pros and cons

• Practically no waste
• Much more abundant than oil
• It cant be transported
• Leaves a contaminated water

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Information from

• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy
• http//www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/ren
  ewable_energy/
• http//www.reegle.info/index.php?searchTermrenewa
  ble20energy20for20kidssiteclean_energy_search
  searchSearchgclidCJCXy8bKmbACFdKBfAodrEF0ZA