Chapter 6 Nationalism and Ultranationalism

1
Chapter 6Nationalism and Ultranationalism

• Chapter Issue
• To what extent can nationalism lead to
  ultranationalism?

2
How Have People Responded to Ultranationalism?

• Ultranationalism infects all aspects of a
  countrys life
• Social
• Economic
• Cultural
• Spiritual
• Ultranationalists
• prey on peoples fears, and,
• Use propaganda to spread hatred

3
Appeasement as a Response to Ultranationalism

• After WW I and Great Depression people wanted
  peace no more war.
• Appeasement means
• Giving into the demands,
• i.e., Adolph Hitler and Nazis
• Since 1935,Germany expanding territory
• 1938 PMs in UK, Italy, France concerned and met
  with Hitler
• Wanted to discuss Germany's takeovers

4
Appeasement as a Response to Ultranationalism

• Agreement/Appeasement
• If Hitler stopped there, no more takeovers, then
  PMs would not contest takeover in Czech.
• Appeasement not in favor of all, i.e., UKs
  Churchill
• Germany continues its takeovers
• Appeasement failed!

5
Failure of League of Nations

• This group created after WWI
• 58 countries, including Canada, UK, France, etc
• Based on three principles
• Order aggressor to leave
• Impose trade sanctions, penalties
• Use military force
• Problem with L o N was member countries not
  required to provide troops
• Japan/China example

6
Ethiopia

• Another example of L o N failure
• Italy wanted this territory
• Mussolini fought with allies for support, thus
  wanted Ethiopia as a reward for support
• Broken deal!
• Invaded Ethiopia
• Haile Selasse, Emperor of Ethiopia, asked League
  for help
• League called for trade sanctions, but it failed
• UK and France afraid to enforce sanctions because
  Mussolini might split with allies and join
  Germany and Japan
• Ethiopia got no support

7
War as a Response to
Ultranationalism

• Appeasement not working
• UK, France declare war, Canada joins
• PM appeals to Canadians
• Read page 151, PMs quote
• Was it a form of propaganda?

8
Total War

• Canadas national interest was the war effort!
• Germany was seen as the evil enemy
• Fighting for freedom of Mankind
• Propaganda campaigns to raise to support war
• Restrictions on employers
• Official censorship on
• Speeches for radio,
• newspaper articles
• Military read letters of soldiers to family
  members
• Revealing information was blacked out

9
Conscription in Canada

• Germany, Italy, Japan, Soviet Union believed in
  compulsory service or conscription to military
• Conscription was not limited to dictatorships
• In Canada, this created friction between English
  and French
• Riots and protests in Montreal, Quebec City
  against forced military service

10
Internment in Canada

• WWI saw Canada caught up in racism and extreme
  nationalism
• Canadians of German, Italian, Japanese decent
  were targets and discriminated against
• Japanese most severely affected
• 1942, Japanese Canadians in western Canada
  rounded up and transported to internment camps in
  BC or on prairie farms
• Gov. seized Japanese homes, property, businesses
  and sold them, used to pay for keep of people
  in camps

11
Peacekeeping

• United Nations (UN) following WWII
• 1956 Suez Canal crises
• Linking the Red Sea with Mediterranean Sea
• Fees collected for use, profits went to companies
• In 1956, Egypt seizes control
• Response? Israeli, British and French forces
  invade canal zone
• Lester Pearson, PM Canada, proposed idea of
  peacekeepers while diplomacy looked for a
  settlement
• Welcome idea and UN agreed to send peacekeeping
  forces

12
Peacekeeping

• Canadian government believed in a peaceful world
• It was a national interest
• Participating in peacekeeping missions is
  important part of Canada's foreign policy
• Lester B Pearson wins the Nobel Peace in 1957 for
  his work and efforts.

13
Conclusion

• Write a 2-paragraph response to this question
• Should peacekeeping forces carry guns?
• Agree and disagree with the argument
• Text page 154.