Cervical Spine Injuries - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cervical Spine Injuries

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Title: Chapter 25: The Spine Author: Customer Last modified by: Jo Silken Created Date: 5/13/2002 2:24:04 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cervical Spine Injuries


1
Cervical Spine Injuries
2
The Cervical Spine
  • Vertebrae
  • 7 cervical
  • 12 thoracic
  • 5 lumbar
  • 5 sacral
  • 4 coccyx

3
Anatomy of Cervical Vertebrae
Odontoid Process (Dens) of Axis
Anterior Arch of Atlas
Superior Articular
Facet
Transverse Process
Transverse Foramen
C1-C2 Facet
Inferior Articular Process
Body of Axis
Posterior Arch of Atlas
Lamina
Bifid Spinous Process
4
Dermatomes
5
Cervical Sprain
  • Facet Joint Injury
  • Mechanism of Injury
  • Generally the same mechanism as a strain
  • More violent
  • Involves a snapping of the head and neck
  • Ligaments injured
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Similar signs and symptoms to a strain
  • Tenderness facet joints and ligaments
  • Pain will usually arise the day after the trauma
  • Muscle spasms

6
Cervical (Sprain)
  • Management
  • Severe injuries
  • Activate EMS
  • Refer to MD
  • RICE for first 48-72 hours
  • Bed rest if severe
  • Rehabilitation
  • Strengthening
  • Restore ROM
  • Review tackling techniques for football players

7
Brachial Plexus Injuries(Burner/Stinger)
  • Mechanism of Injury
  • Lateral flexion
  • Result of
  • Stretching of the brachial plexus or
  • Compression of the brachial plexus
  • Disrupts peripheral nerve function

8
Brachial Plexus Injury (Burner/Stinger)
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Burning sensation
  • Numbness and tingling from the shoulder into the
    hand
  • Pain extending from the shoulder into the hand
  • Some loss of function of the arm and hand for
    several minutes
  • Dead arm feeling by athlete
  • Symptoms rarely persist for several days
  • Repeated injury can result in permanent damage

9
Brachial Plexus Neurapraxia (Burner/Stinger)
  • Management
  • Assessment by medical personnel
  • Ice
  • Rest
  • Strengthening and stretching program
  • Return to activity once signs and symptoms have
    returned to normal
  • Padding to limit neck ROM during impact

10
Cervical Fractures
  • Mechanism of Injury
  • Usually axial load w/ some degree of cervical
    flexion
  • Spearing
  • Prevention
  • Teach proper tackling technique
  • (See what you hit)

11
Cervical Fractures
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Neck point tenderness
  • Restricted motion
  • Cervical muscle spasm
  • Cervical pain
  • Pain in the chest and extremities
  • Numbness in the trunk and or limbs
  • Weakness in the trunk and/or limbs
  • Loss of bladder and bowel control
  • Management
  • Activate EMS (911)
  • Treat like an unconscious athlete
  • Use extreme care
  • X-ray and physician referral
  • Transport with extreme caution
  • Minimize movement of cervical spine
  • Cervical extrication collar
  • Spine Board

12
Cervical Dislocation
  • Mechanism of Injury
  • Usually violent flexion and rotation of the head

13
Cervical Dislocation
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Considerable pain
  • Numbness
  • Weakness or paralysis
  • Management
  • Extreme care must be used
  • Do not straighten athletes neck
  • Activate EMS (911)
  • More likely to cause spinal cord injury than a
    fracture

14
Log Roll onto Spine Board
Stabilize Head and Neck
Lifting Spine Board
2b
1
5
5 Man Lift
Facemask Removal
2a
3
5
Strap to Board
Log Roll onto Spine Board
2b
4
5
15
Strengthening Exercises
  • Initiated when near normal range has been
    achieved
  • Should be performed pain free
  • Exercise progression
  • Isometric
  • Isotonic exercises
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