The Renaissance -

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The Renaissance -
Rebirth of learning and Culture in Europe
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Pre-Renaissance Europe

• The Crusades 1095 - 1496
• Christian knights wage war against Muslims for
  control of Jerusalem resulting in bitterness,
  increased trade and cultural diffusion in Western
  Europe
• The Black Plague 1300s
• Kills 25 million Europeans
• Results (The 3 Ds)
• Desire to celebrate life and humanity
• Doubts about the Church
• Desire for new ways of expression

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Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

• Thriving cities
• Wealthy merchants and bankers
• Medici family Godfathers of the Renaissance
• Renewed interest in classical Rome Greece roots

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What new values did people hold?

• HUMANISM emphasizes individual achievements and
  abilities
• Focus on secular ideas (concern with worldly
  matters)
• Patrons encourage beautiful works by financially
  supporting artists, writers and musicians (ex.
  Medici family)
• Renaissance man Master of many fields of study
  or work (ex. Leonardo da Vinci painter,
  scientist inventor)

Francesco Petrarch, Father of Humanism
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Individuals Take Charge

• Man can do all things if they will- Leon
  Battista Alberti
• People started believing in the ability of humans
  to do great things
• As a result, new technology develops AND people
  start to work to create better cities and
  countries

Leonardo da Vinci, The Renaissance Man
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How did art change during the Renaissance?

• Sculptors made figures more realistic
• Painters used perspective to create
  three-dimensional illusion
• Subjects were no longer mostly religious

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Your TurnCreate a T-Chart to Compare and
Contrast the following pieces of art
Middle Age Art
Renaissance Art
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Renaissance Ideas in Action

• Johann Gutenberg creates the printing press which
  increases the production of books
• As a result, new ideas of the Renaissance are
  spread throughout Europe
• Books are written in vernacular - Everyday
  language that all understand
• Authors express own thoughts and feelings
• Ex. Dante realistic poetry
• Machiavelli understanding government

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The Reformation

• Begins as a protest to the practices of the Roman
  Catholic Church
• Teaches people that faith in God, not good works,
  leads to eternal life
• Encourages people to read the Bible to strengthen
  their faith in Gods word

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How it Began

• Indulgences Sold to free people from
  their sins
• Monks (religious men) begin to disagree with the
  sale of indulgences
• Martin Luther writes 95 Theses about why its
  wrong to sell indulgences

Martin Luther, Author of the 95 Theses
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The Church Responds

• The pope or leader of the Catholic Church
  excommunicates Martin Luther from the Church
• Luther continues to share his ideas and gains
  many followers who are called Lutherans

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What can you learn from art?

• You work at a museum that is considering buying
  this painting by Jan van Eyck. It is a portrait
  of Chancellor Rolin, a powerful government
  official in Burgundy (later part of France).
  Before deciding, the museum director wants to
  know what this painting can teach the public
  about the Renaissance.

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Chancellor RolinJan van Eyck

• What can you infer about the setting of the
  painting?
• What details in the painting give you an idea
  of the role of religion in society?

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• Classical Art -Renaissance artists admired
  classical art. The columns show classical style.
  
• Perspective Van Eyck used the technique of
  perspective which shows distant objects as
  smaller than close ones. He also used oil
  paints, a new invention.
• 3. Religion This painting portrays the infant
  Jesus and his mother Mary in 15th-century Europe.
  Such a depiction shows the continuing importance
  of religion during the Renaissance.

• The Individual Renaissance artists portrayed
  the importance of individuals. Chancellor Rolin
  is wearing a fur-trimmed robe that shows his high
  status.
• 5. Beauty Van Eyck included many details simply
  to add beauty. These include the design on the
  floor, the folds of Marys cloak, and the scenery
  outside.

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• List the similarities and differences for these
  two works of art.

• . Focus on the following
• - facial
• expressions
• - Use of color
• - Amount of detail
• - Background
• - Use of light and
• shadow

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• (Mona Lisa is more realistic, uses shadows, and
  has darker, more subtle colors. Both artworks
  are finely detailed, especially the backgrounds.)
  
• Based on this analysis and information in the
  text, what can you conclude about Renaissance
  art? (more realistic than medieval art,
  especially in use of light, shadow and
  perspective.)

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DavidMichelangelo
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School of AthensRaphael
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