Nationalism%20in%20the%20Post%20Great%20War%20World - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Nationalism%20in%20the%20Post%20Great%20War%20World

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Nationalism in the Post Great War World Nationalist Movements in Africa and the Middle East As world war I ended, the people of Africa were growing tired of their ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Nationalism%20in%20the%20Post%20Great%20War%20World


1
Nationalism in the Post Great War World
2
Nationalist Movements in Africa and the Middle
East
  • As world war I ended, the people of Africa were
    growing tired of their colonial status. They paid
    taxes to foreign nations, fought their wars, and
    worked their farms.
  • There were few total revolts, but many protests.
    Only Egypt won its independence.

3
Africa-
  • Feeling impact of colonial rule
  • Africans forced off best land
  • Forbidden to grow most profitable crops
  • Had to grow cash cropsfamines
  • Restrictions on movement
  • Complete loss of self-sufficiency, dependent on
    European goods

4
South Africa
  • Apartheid-system of racial segregation
  • Home to a vital nationalist movement led by
    African National Congress (ANC)
  • Educated Africans
  • Fought through legal means
  • Little effect on white government
  • Framework for later political action

5
Pan-Africanism
  • Unity of Africans and people of African descent
    around the world
  • Africa for Africans Marcus Garvey
  • Pan-African Congress

6
Egypt
  • Most change from nationalism seen here
  • Great deal of resistance toward British rule
  • United under Wafd Party
  • 1922 gained independence
  • Stayed to guard Suez Canal

7
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8
Betrayal of Self-Determination
  • Arabs had helped Allies defeat Ottoman Empire
  • Had promised independence
  • Did not happen, instead Countries took them over
    as territories or mandates
  • Resentment that has lasted until today

9
Turkey
  • After fall of Ottoman Empire, Turks resisted
    western control
  • Mustafa Kemal (aka Ataturk Father of Turks)
    overthrew sultan, defeated westerners, declared a
    republic
  • Westernization
  • Law, Calendar, Day of Rest, Clothes, Religious
    aspects
  • Built roads, RRs, Factories

10
Iran
  • Dislike of British and Russian occupation
  • Reza Khan overthrew shah
  • Modernization
  • Oil became major factor in economic and foreign
    affairs

11
Palestine
  • British mandate (territory)
  • 1897 Zionist movement
  • Rebuild Jewish state in Palestine
  • Return

12
Palestine
  • Promises
  • Arabs own kingdom in former Ottoman Empire,
    including Palestine
  • 1917 Balfour Declaration support of national
    home for Jewish people in Palestine
  • nothing shall be done which may prejudice the
    civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish
    communities in Palestine

13
India
  • British ruled
  • Amritsar massacre
  • Many fought for British during WW I
  • Mohandas Gandhi
  • Nonviolent resistance
  • Had to wait until after WW II

14
Latin American Nationalism
  • Mexican Revolution
  • Most Mexicans were peasants who lived in
    desperate poverty.
  • Factory workers and miners earning meager wages
    were restless and angry.
  • Middle-class liberals, who embraced democracy,
    opposed the lengthy Díaz dictatorship.
  • A liberal reformer, Francisco Madero, encouraged
    revolt.

Pancho Villa
15
Reforms in Mexico and Nationalism through out LA
  • A tide of economic nationalism, or emphasis on
    domestic control of the economy, swept through
    Mexico and other Latin American countries.
  • Began to reject European influences. Instead,
    they took pride in their own culture. Pride in
    ones own culture is called cultural nationalism.

16
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