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Water Cycle

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Water Cycle Bell Work: Where does the water cycle get its energy from? What is the water cycle? The water cycle describes the existence and movement of water on, in ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Water Cycle


1
Water Cycle
  • Bell Work
  • Where does the water cycle get its energy from?

2
What is the water cycle?
  • The water cycle describes the existence and
    movement of water on, in, and above the Earth.
  • Water is always in motion
  • Water is always changing states
  • Liquid
  • Solid
  • gas

3
Hydrologic Cycle
  • The water cycle can also be called the Hydrologic
    CycleWHY?
  • Since the water cycle is truly a "cycle," there
    is no beginning or end.
  • Water can change states among liquid, vapor, and
    ice at various places in the water cycle
  • These processes have been happening over millions
    of years.
  • The water in the apple you ate yesterday may have
    fallen as rain half-way around the world last
    year or could have been used 100 million years
    ago by Mama Dinosaur to give her baby a bath.

4
Components of the Water Cycle
  • Water storage in oceans
  • Evaporation
  • Sublimation
  • Evaporation
  • Water in the atmosphere
  • Condensation
  • Precipitation
  • Water storage in ice and snow
  • Snowmelt runoff to streams
  • Surface runoff
  • Stream flow
  • Freshwater storage
  • Infiltration
  • Ground-water storage
  • Ground-water discharge
  • Springs

5
Water storage
  • 96.5 of the water on earth is in the oceans
  • 3.5 of the water on earth is fresh
  • 90 of the evaporated water contained in the
    water cycle came from the ocean
  • Ice caps and glaciers

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7
Evaporation
  • Evaporation is when the sun heats up water in
    rivers or lakes or the ocean and turns it into
    vapor or steam. 
  • The water vapor, or steam, leaves the river, lake
    or ocean and goes into the air.
  • 90 comes from oceans, seas, lakes and rivers
  • 10 comes from plants transpiration
  • Humidity
  • Evaporation removes heat from the environment
    HOW??
  • Once evaporated, a water molecule spend about 10
    days in the air.

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10
Sublimation
  • Sublimation The change of snow or ice to water
    vapor without melting
  • Solid ? gas
  • High amounts of energy is needed.Where would
    this energy come from???
  • South side of Mt. Everest
  • Low temperatures
  • Strong winds
  • Intense sunlight
  • Low air pressure

11
Transpiration
  • Transpiration is the process by which plants lose
    water out of their leaves. 
  • Transpiration gives evaporation a bit of a hand
    in getting the water vapor back up into the air
  • Moisture is carried through plants from roots to
    small pores on the underside of the leaves, where
    it changes to vapor and is released to the
    atmosphere.
  • A large oak tree can transpire 40,000 gallons of
    water a year.
  • Factors that effect Transpiration
  • Temperature
  • Relative humidity
  • Wind and air movement
  • Soil-moisture availability
  • Types of plants

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13
Water in the atmosphere
  • The atmosphere always contains water
  • Tiny water particles are too small to see
    UNLESS.
  • Clouds
  • Superhighway used to move water around the globe

14
Condensation
  • Condensation Water vapor in the air gets cold
    and changes back into liquid, forming clouds. 
  • Responsible for the formation of CLOUDS
  • Vapor ? liquid
  • Condensation is the opposite of evaporation
  • Fog
  • Moisture on your windows or drink
  • Water vapor in the warm air, turns back into
    liquid when it touches the cold glass

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17
Precipitation
  • Precipitation  Occurs when so much water has
    condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore. 
  • The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the
    earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow
  • Millions of cloud droplets are required to make a
    single raindrop

18
Precipitation Rates Vary by location
19
Surface Runoff
  • Surface Runoff Occurs as precipitation travels
    over the soil surface to the nearest stream
    channel.
  • Run over the soil and collect in the oceans,
    lakes or rivers where the cycle starts
  • Ground saturation
  • Flash flood
  • Deposition can happen during this time.What was
    that??
  • Dangerous time for pollution to occur

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21
  • A watershed is an area of land where all of
    the water that falls in it and drains off of it
    goes into the same place.

22
Groundwater
  • A portion of the water that falls as
    precipitation can infiltrate (seeps into) the
    subsurface soil and rock.
  • Used by plants and burrowing animals
  • Keeps soil cool during the summer

23
Groundwater
Permeable Layers
24
Water Table
  • The top of the surface where ground water occurs
    is called the water table

25
Aquifer
  • An underground layer of water-bearing porous
    stone, earth, or gravel

26
Groundwater
Artesian Well
Spring
Aquifer
Aquifer
Water Table
Impermeable Rock
Well
Dry Well
Aquifer
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