Training

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Training I nformation Powerpoint Presentation
H2S The Basics
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Characteristics of H2S(Hydrogen Sulphide)

• H2S is a highly toxic colourless gas, with an
  odour similar to rotten eggs.
• It is heavier than air and will therefore, settle
  in low-lying areas.
• And it has a lower explosive limit (4.3) with an
  upper explosive limit (45), this is 5 times
  greater than the explosive range of petrol.

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Characteristics of H2S

• When ignited, burns with a blue flame and
  produces sulphur dioxide (SO2) that is also a
  toxic gas.

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Potential Exposures to H2S

• Potential exposure to H2S exists during drilling
  operations at sour crude/sour gas locations,
  through, recycled mud, water, injection of
  steam/water to stimulate oil production and
  during blow-out conditions.
• Potential exposure to H2S exists during field
  maintenance on tanks, voids, wells, seals etc.

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Potential Exposures to H2S

• Potential exposure to H2S also exists when tank
  gauging, breaking flanges and opening up lines at
  production, pipeline and refinery facilities.
• Entry into confined spaces such as vessels,
  separators, valve pits, trenches etc, can also be
  sources of H2S hazards

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H2S Exposure

• Personal exposure to H2S must not exceed 10 parts
  per million (ppm) in any 8 hours.

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Personal Effect to H2S Exposure

• 10 22 ppm
• Eye Irritation
• 20 100 ppm
• Corneal blistering (cornea of eye), Opacity of
  the eye
• Loss of sense of smell
• Headache
• Coughing and Nausea.

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Personal Effect to H2S Exposure

• 100 300 ppm
• Respiratory difficulty and Irritation, Pulmonary
  Edema.
• 300 600 ppm
• Central and Peripheral Nervous System Effect,
  e.g. Tremors, Weakness, Numbness of Extremities,
  Unconsciousness and Convulsions.

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Personal Effect to H2S Exposure

• 600 1,000 ppm
• Rapid Unconsciousness resulting in Death if
  Emergency Aid is not promptly administered.
• 1,000 ppm plus
• Cessation of Breathing (Instantaneous) and Death

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Essential Awareness and Precautions

• Recognise and respect the potential hazard
• Always follow the established work procedures
• Always monitor concentrations
• Always use respiratory protection as set down in
  the work procedures

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Rescue in H2S Service

• If competent in its use, always wear an air-fed
  breathing apparatus set before attempting a
  rescue.

Failure to do so could result in you becoming a
victim.
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First Aid in H2S Service

• Remove casualty immediately to fresh air.
• If casualty is not breathing, start artificial
  respiration immediately.
• If casualtys heart has stopped, commence
  cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Keep casualty warm.
• Once casualty has been removed to fresh air and
  normal breathing has been restored, keep under
  observation until relieved by qualified medical
  person.

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Training I nformation Powerpoint Presentation
Thank you for your attention