Instructional Objective: 1.Explain the properties of matter 2.Identify elements and compounds. 3.Compare and contrast solutions, colloids and suspensions. 4.Learn how to separate the substance.

1
Instructional Objective1.Explain the
properties of matter2.Identify elements and
compounds. 3.Compare and contrast solutions,
colloids and suspensions.4.Learn how to separate
the substance.
2
Classification of Matter
3
(No Transcript)
4
What is a Pure Substance?

• Can be an element or a compound
• Cannot be broken down into simpler components
• Always maintain the properties of the original
  substance
• Ex helium,aluminum,water and salt

5
Elements

• substance that cannot be chemically broken down
  into simpler substances
• An element is made up of only one kind of atom.
• Are 90 elements found in nature.
• More than 20 other elements have been made in
  labs.
• Some elements are unstable and exist only for
  short time.

6
Elements

• Examples of Elements
• Elements can be found onthe periodic table

Carbon (C)
Gold (Au)
Aluminum (Al)
7
Compounds

• substance made up of two more elements that are
  chemically combined in a fixed ratio
• The properties of a compound are different from
  the properties of the elements that make it up
• Ex Water is made of 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen
  (both elements are gas)

8
Compounds

• Examples of Compounds
• Made up of more than one element

Water (H2O)
Sugar C12H22O11
Table Salt (NaCl)
Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
9
Mixtures

• Two or more substances that can be separated by
  physical means
• Heterogeneous Mixture A mixture that has
  different substances that can be distinguished
  easily
• Homogeneous Mixture A mixture that has
  different substances blended together evenly.

Water (H2O) and Acetic Acid (CH3CO2H)
10

• 1.Heterogeneous mixture (unevenly mixed )
• Ex salad, milk, blood etc.
• 2.Homogeneous mixture (evenly mixed)
• Ex any flat soft drink

11

Instructional
Objective1..Compare and contrast solutions,
colloids and suspensions.2.Learn how to separate
the substance.
12
Colloids( come from a Greek word for glue)

• A homogeneous mixture
• Is a type of a mixture that never settles
• Particles are larger than those solution but not
  heavy enough to settle
• Ex milk , gelatin, paint, fog, smoke etc

13
How can you detect colloids?

• By its appearance.
• By passing a beam of light through it
• The particles are large enough to scatter light
• Ex fog, shampoos, gelatins

14
Tyndall effect

• The scattering of light by colloidal particles is
  called the tyndall effect

15
Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions

• Solution Extremely small particles that will not
  settle to the bottom of a container
• Colloid A mixture that never settles but have
  larger particles than a solution and whose
  particles never settle (fog, smoke)
• Suspensions A mixture that contains larger
  particles that will settle to the bottom with
  time (muddy water, orange juice)

16
What are physical and chemical
changes?

• physical change change that does not produce new
  substances
• chemical change change that produces new
  substances

17

• Instructional Objective1.Identify the state
  of matter. 2Compare the heat of fusion and heat
  of vaporization

18
Physical Changes

• A physical change is a change in size, shape, or
  state of matter.
• In a physical change the material you are
  changing is the same thing at the beginning and
  end of the change

19
Properties of Matter

• Physical Properties-with out changing the
  appearance
• Chemical Properties- always indicate a change

20
Physical Properties.

• Identifying the content of a substances without
  changing it.
• Can identify by their appearances.
• Ex shape, color and state of matter.
• By their behavior
• Ex melting point ,freezing point, attraction of
  the particles etc

21
Physical Properties.

• Viscosity (resistance to flow.)
• Conductivity (ability to allow heat or current to
  flow)
• Malleability (ability to be hammered)
• Melting points (temperature at a substance change
  from solid to liquid)
• Boiling points ( temperature at a substance
  change from liquid to gas)
• Density (Use to identify a pure substances)

22
Date 1/25/11Instructional Objective1.
Identify mixtures and learn how to separate
them2.. Learn about chemical change and
chemical properties Review Questions1.What is
a compound ?Other InstructionsLab work on
Lab 8, Pg 17HomeworkDo the work sheet(Use
your notes)
23
Chemical Change

• A chemical change is a change that changes a
  material into something new
• Burning paper (ash, smoke, fire)
• Sometimes you must rely on clues
• Bubbles
• Heat produced
• Change in color
• Smoke

24
                                 raw egg becomes cooked egg                       
                       cake mix becomes cake                                 
                                 paper becomes ash                                 
                       steel becomes rust                       
 
25
What is a Chemical properties?

• Is a characteristic of a substance that indicates
  the chemical change
• Ex odor, color change,bubbling,foaming etc..

26
Chemical Properties

• Flammability
• Reactivity
• Change of color
• Odor
• Production of Gas (bubbling)
• Production of a precipitate (producing solid
  matter)

27
Separate the substances using their Physical
properties

• Ex. Size(Size of a poppy seed and sunflower
  seeds.)
• Ex color of the seed
• Ex attraction of the iron to the magnet

28
Separate the substance using their physical
change

• Distillation
• is process for separating substance in
  a mixture by evaporating a liquid and
  recondensing its vapor.
• Ex. Separate the salt from saltwater.

29
Separating colors

• Chromatography method can be used

30
How can a suspension be separated?

• filtration separation of particles in a
  suspension by passing through the filter paper or
  some other porous material

31
Separating substances using chemical change

• Ex silver tarnish due to the reaction of silver
  with sulfur compound in the air forming sliver
  sulfide.
• Using chemical reaction sulfide can be removed to
  polish the sliver.

32
Conservation of Mass

• In any type of change (physical or chemical), the
  combined mass of the material does not change
• This is called the Law of Conservation of Mass
• Why do ashes have less mass that the wood that
  was burned?

33
(No Transcript)