SSUSH9%20The%20student%20will%20identify%20key%20events,%20issues,%20and%20individuals%20relating%20to%20the%20causes,%20course,%20and%20consequences%20of%20the%20Civil%20War. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SSUSH9%20The%20student%20will%20identify%20key%20events,%20issues,%20and%20individuals%20relating%20to%20the%20causes,%20course,%20and%20consequences%20of%20the%20Civil%20War.

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Title: SSUSH9%20The%20student%20will%20identify%20key%20events,%20issues,%20and%20individuals%20relating%20to%20the%20causes,%20course,%20and%20consequences%20of%20the%20Civil%20War.


1
SSUSH9 The student will identify key events,
issues, and individuals relating to the causes,
course, and consequences of the Civil War.
  • a. Explain the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the failure
    of popular sovereignty, Dred Scott case, and John
    Browns Raid.

2
Events Leading to Civil War
  • Proviso a clause in a document making a
    condition or restriction
  • David Wilmot Proviso clause seeking to ban
    slavery in all territory acquired from Mexico
    (passed in House, failed in Senate)

3
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4
Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
  • Opened territories of Kansas and Nebraska to U.S.
    settlement
  • Repealed Missouri Compromise of 1820 saying it
    was unconstitutional
  • Opened way for slavery issue to be decided there
    by Popular Sovereignty

5
Popular Sovereignty
  • Idea that people living in a territory should
    have the right to decide the issue of slavery for
    themselves
  • First suggested by Lewis Cass.
  • Made popular by Stephen Douglas (in debates with
    A. Lincoln)

6
Bleeding Kansas
  • Fighting that took place in the Kansas territory
    between Pro-slavery and Anti-slavery forces
  • People had moved there from both sides to try and
    win their perspective on the issue of slavery

7
Bleeding KansasFailure of Popular Sovereignty
  • Because Kansas would decide about slavery through
    popular sovereignty, both the North (antislavery)
    and the South (pro-slavery) sent thousands of
    people into Kansas to sway the vote
  • Tensions between the two groups led to violence
    and the destruction of property, including the
    sacking of Lawrence
  • By the end of 1856,
  • 200 people had
  • been killed in the
  • skirmishes
  • How did the violence in Kansas
  • demonstrate that popular
  • sovereignty was a failure?

8
Bleeding Kansas
9
Effect on Congress
  • Infighting
  • Example Mass. Sen. Charles Sumner was beaten
    with a cane by S.C. Congressman Preston Brooks
  • Sumner had made anti-slavery speech in Senate
    and criticized S.C. Sen. Andrew Butler (Uncle of
    Brooks)

10
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11
Dred Scott
  • Scot was taken by his master into the free state
    of Illinois, and then later, back into the slave
    state of Missouri
  • With the help of an abolitionist group Scott sued
    for freedom (1847), claiming that because he had
    lived in a free state, he should be free

12
Dred Scott Case
  • Slave who sued to gain freedom because he had
    lived in free territory with owner
  • Supreme Court Decision
  • 1) slaves are considered to be property
  • 2) property could not be excluded in
  • territories by Congress
  • 3) slaves were not citizens
  • Intensified SECTIONAL conflict
  • over slavery

13
John Brown _at_ Harpers Ferry
  • Abolitionist believed GOD spoke to him
  • Encouraged slaves by seeking to arm them for
    revolt

14
John Browns Raid
  • In 1859, he and his followers tried to support a
    slave uprising in Virginia by seizing an arsenal
    in Harpers Ferry

15
John Browns Raid
  • The uprising was quickly put down and after a
    trial, Brown was executed
  • Brown was viewed by many in the North as a martyr
    for the anti-slavery movement
  • How do you think
  • Brown was viewed
  • In the South-why?

16
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17
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
  • Abraham Lincoln gained national recognition
  • Could not have been elected President without
    becoming more well-known nationally
  • First Republican President 1860

18
Bell Ringer
  1. Does slavery still exist in the U.S.?
  2. What forms, if any, does it exist in?
  3. What actions can be taken to combat contemporary
    slavery?

19
Essential Question 8 Page 8
  • What were the key laws and court cases
    surrounding the issue of slavery?
  • Include explanations of the Kansas-Nebraska Act,
    failure of popular sovereignty, Dred Scott, and
    John Browns Raid.

EQ Goes In This Space Law / Court Case
Details
  • You may eitherchoose to use theback of Page 8
    forextra / supplementalnotes or you may carry
    your chart over on the back to provide more
    room for info insideyour chart
  • Each of the followingslides contains
    infoconcerning laws or legal cases
    surroundingthe issue of slavery
  • Use the info providedto complete a chart like
    the one you seehere

Kansas-NebraskaAct
Failure of PopularSovereignty
Dred Scott v. Sanford
John Browns Raid
20
b. Describe President Lincolns efforts to
preserve the Union as seen in his second
inaugural address and the Gettysburg speech and
in his use of emergency powers, such as his
decision to suspend habeas corpus. c. Describe
the roles of Ulysses Grant, Robert E. Lee,
Stonewall Jackson, William T. Sherman, and
Jefferson Davis. d. Explain the importance of
Fort Sumter, Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and
the Battle for Atlanta. e. Describe the
significance of the Emancipation Proclamation.
SSUSH 9
21
Bell Ringer
  • Examine the Photo
  • Who is the woman?
  • Who are the two men?
  • What is ironic about the picture?

22
Essential Question 6
  • What was the significance of the Emancipation
    Proclamation?
  • Example

EQ Goes Here I believe that the significance
of the Emancipation Proclamation wasblah blah,
blah. I believe this becauseblah blah blah,
blah blah in other words, the evidence for your
belief
  • Simply read the Emancipation Proclamationand/or
    the commentary handout and formulate your own
    opinion
  • The more serious you takethis the better your
    answer will be

23
Essential Question - 5
  • What efforts did President Lincoln make to
    preserve the Union during the Civil War?
  • Examine
  • Second Inaugural Address
  • Gettysburg Speech
  • Use of emergency powers such as the suspension
    of habeas corpus
  • Emancipation Proclamation

EQ Goes Here Effort
Description
2nd Inaugural Address
GettysburgSpeech
Suspension of Habeas Corpus
  • On the Back of Page 5
  • Evaluate the characterof Abraham Lincoln
  • Saint or Sinner?

EmancipationProclamation
24
Lincolns Second Inaugural Address
  • Abraham Lincoln delivered his second inaugural
    address on March 4, 1865
  • During his inauguration at the start of his
    second term as President of the United States
  • Lincoln did not speak of happiness, but of
    sadness
  • Some see this speech as a defense of his
    pragmatic approach to Reconstruction, in which he
    sought to avoid harsh treatment of the defeated
    South by reminding his listeners of how wrong
    both sides had been in imagining what lay before
    them when the war began four years earlier.
  • Lincoln balanced that rejection of triumphalism,
    however, with a recognition of the unmistakable
    evil of slavery, which he described in the most
    concrete terms possible
  • Unbeknownst to him, John Wilkes Booth, David
    Herold, George Atzerodt, Lewis Paine, John
    Surratt and Edmund Spangler, a few of the
    conspirators involved with his assassination were
    present in the crowd at the inauguration.

25
Lincoln suspends habeas corpus (1862)
  • The writs of habeas corpus are a persons right
    not to be imprisoned unless charged with a crime
    and given a trial
  • Lincoln suspended these common rights in an
    effort to stop anyone from supporting the
    Confederate cause and to prevent those who
    encouraged others to resist the draft
    (conscription)
  • The suspension of habeas corpus was the result
    of draft riots in many
  • northern cities

26
Emancipation Proclamation
  • Lincoln, amid growing war casualties, used the
    Union victory at Antietam to issue the
    Emancipation Proclamation in September 1862.
  • The Proclamation
  • freed only those slaves in the states in
    rebellion
  • did not free the slaves in the border states
  • gave the UnionArmy another reasonto fight
    theliberation of slaves
  • Which slave states were
  • unaffected by the Proclamation?
  • Why did Lincoln plan this?

27
Gettysburg Address
  • In November 1863, Lincoln gave his now famous
    speech at Gettysburg to dedicate the Gettysburg
    National Cemetery
  • Lincoln used the speech to redefine the purpose
    of fighting the war the reunification of the
    Union
  • http//www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/gettysbur
    gaddress.htm

28
Lincoln Saint or Sinner?
  • After all is said and done how do you feel
    about Lincoln?
  • Has your opinion of Lincoln changed in any way?
  • Do you feel like youve been duped? Bamboozled?
    Hoodwinked?

29
Essential Question - 7
  1. Who were Ulysses Grant, Robert Lee, Stonewall
    Jackson, William Sherman, and Jefferson Davis?
    What roles did each play in the Civil War?

Essential Q Goes Here
Grant Lee Jackson Sherman Davis
30
The Civil War (1861-1865)
  • The Civil War starts
  • With increased tension between the North and the
    South (Slavery and sectionalism issues)
  • South Carolina secedes from the Union in December
    1860 after Lincoln is elected President
  • By June 1861, ten Southern states had seceded
  • Many of the early battles were Union losses, or
    fought to a draw

31
Jefferson Davis
  • Was the first and only President of the
    Confederate States of America (1861-1865)
  • Appointed Robert E. Lee commander of Army of
    Northern Virginia in 1862
  • Captured in Georgia, in 1865

32
Ulysses Grant (Union-North)
  • Had early success fighting in the west (TN, LA,
    MS)
  • Captured Vicksburg, MS giving the Union control
    of the Mississippi River
  • Lincoln promoted him to commander of the entire
    Union Army in 1864
  • Fights Lee in a series of battles ending in Lees
    surrender at Appomattox in 1865

33
Robert E. Lee (Confederacy-South)
  • Resigned from the US Army to fight for the
    Confederacy was against slavery but didnt want
    to fight against the South
  • Named commander of the Army of Northern Virginia
    in 1862
  • Lee invades Maryland (1862) and loses a major
    battle at Antietam, forcing him to retreat back
    into Virginia
  • After two major victories against the Union, Lee
    again decided to invade the North, this time into
    Gettysburg (PA) where he lost a 3 day battle to
    the Union after the loss, Confederate forces had
    to remain on the defensive for the rest of the
    war

34
Thomas Stonewall Jackson(Confederacy-South)
  • Played a major role in defeating the Union Army
    at the first major battle of the war (Bull
    Run-1861), the loss at Bull Run made the Union
    realize that it would be a prolonged war
  • Fought with Lee at Antietam
  • Helped defeat the Union Army at Fredericksburg
    (1862) and Chancellorsville (1863)
  • Was accidently shot at night by his own men at
    Chancellorsville and died 8 days later

35
William Sherman (Union-North)
  • Fought with Grant at Vicksburg
  • Named Union Commander of the West (1864)
  • Attacked and destroyed the city of Atlanta, a
    major southern railroad center, in the fall of
    1864
  • The victory helped Lincoln secure the political
    support that allowed him to be reelected in 1864

36
d. Explain the importance of Fort Sumter,
Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and the Battle
for Atlanta.
SSUSH 9
37
Essential Question 9
  • What were the importance / significance of each
    of the following Civil War battles Fort Sumter,
    Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and the Battle
    for Atlanta?
  • Example

EQ Goes Here Sumter Antietam Vicksburg Ge
ttysburg Atlanta
  • The importance of the Battle goes here
  • The Name of theBattle goes here

38
Southern Secession Begins 1860
  • Outcome of Election of 1860
  • 1) Lincoln wins in landslide with electoral
  • vote
  • 2) South Carolina secedes

39
SECESSION FROM UNION
State Date of Secession
South Carolina December 20, 1860
Mississippi January 9, 1861
Florida January 10, 1861
Alabama January 11, 1861
Georgia January 19, 1861
Louisiana January 26, 1861
Texas February 1, 1861
Virginia April 17, 1861
Arkansas May 6, 1861
North Carolina May 20, 1861
Tennessee June 8, 1861
40
Fort Sumter, Charleston, SC
  • Fort Sumter, a Union fort in Charleston Harbor,
    is surrounded after South Carolina secedes in
    December 1860
  • Lincoln will not evacuate or send
  • the Navy to defend, but sends
  • supplies to the fort, or as he
  • said, food for hungry men.
  • The Union refused to surrender the
  • fort and Jefferson Davis orders
  • Southern troops to bombard it.
  • After 33 hours the garrison
  • surrendered, starting the Civil War

41
Antietam September 1862
  • Lee marched into Maryland hoping that a Southern
    victory would convince the North to settle for
    peace, gain support from the British, and find
    food for his men
  • The two armies fought at Antietam, which became
    the bloodiest one-day battle in American history
    (6,000 dead, 16,000 wounded)
  • Lee is forced to retreat back into Virginia
  • The Union victory led
  • Lincoln to issue the
  • Emancipation
  • Proclamation
  • What might have happened if
  • Lee defeated the Union Army
  • at Antietam?

42
Gettysburg (VA) July 1st - 3rd 1863
  • Lee again decided to invade the North in hopes
    that the North would settle for peace
  • On July 2nd, Lee ordered anattack, known as
    Picketts Charge on the Union forces
  • The South loses 7,000 menin under 30 minutes
    offighting
  • Which state did Lee invade the first time he
    attacked
  • the North?
  • What were the results?

43
Gettysburg (VA) July 1st-3rd 1863
  • Lee retreated from the battlefield on July 4th,
    having lost 1/3 of his entire fighting force
  • The loss forces the South to fight a defensive
    war and strengthened the will of the North to
    continue the fight
  • Why do you think
  • Gettysburg is considered
  • the turning point of the
  • war?

44
Vicksburg (MS) July 4th 1863
  • By 1863, Vicksburg was the last major Confederate
    stronghold on the Mississippi River
  • Grant launched a siege of the city in May 1863
    cutting off its food supply and placing it under
    constant bombardment
  • The Confederate forces surrender
  • July 4th 1863, which gave the
  • Union complete control of the
  • Mississippi River and cut the
  • Confederacy in half
  • Which Confederate states were isolated
  • from the rest of the South with the fall of
    Vicksburg?

45
Battle for Atlanta August 1864
  • Sherman marched his army south towards Atlanta, a
    major railroad center in the South
  • He ordered all civilians out of the city and then
    began to burn and destroy everything of military
    value
  • Atlanta was the beginning of Shermans March to
    the Sea and helped the Republican Party gain
    political strength

46
Essential Question 11
  • How did the economic disparity between the North
    and South affect the growing tensions between the
    two?
  • How did this disparity affect the war?
  • Include an examination of population, functioning
    railroads, and industrial output.
  • Interpret the information on the following slide
    to answer EQ 11

47
Northern and Southern Resources
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