The Constitution

1

Bill of Rights
2
The Bill of Rights

• The first 10 Amendments of the Constitution are
  called the Bill of Rights
• The Bill of Rights does 2 main things
• - Protects Citizen's Rights
• - Limits the Power of Govt.

3
1st Amendment

• Citizens are guaranteed
• - Freedom of Speech
• - Freedom of Religion
• - Freedom of Press
• - Freedom of Assembly
• - Freedom to Petition Govt.

4
2nd Amendment

• Guarantees Citizens States
• - The Right to organize maintain a militia
  in time of peace
• - The right of citizens to bear arms to
  support the militia

5
3rd Amendment

• Guarantees Citizens
• - Will not have to quarter (house feed)
  troops in time of peace
• - Reaction to what British act (law)?

6
4th Amendment

• Protects Citizens against illegal search
  seizures
• Govt. must obtain a search warrant in order to
  search private domain and confiscate personal
  property
• ExceptionProbable CausePlain View Law

7
5th Amendment

• Rights of the Accused
• - Self-Incrimination Clause
• -Double Jeopardy
• - Due Process of Law

8
6th Amendment

• Guarantees additional rights to those accused of
  a crime, including
• -Trial by jury
• -Speedy Impartial Jury
• -Entitled to a lawyer

9
7th Amendment

• Guarantees citizens
• Right to trial in civil cases if amount of money
  involved exceeds 20
• Examples
• -Lawsuits
• -Civil Violations

10
8th Amendment

• Guarantees citizens accused of a crime
• - Protection from Cruel
• Unusual Punishment
• - Protection against
• excessive bail
• - Protection against
• excessive fines

11
9th Amendment

• States that the rights listed in the Constitution
  are not the only rights guaranteed to citizens
• -Ensures private domain
• - Right to choose our friends
• - Right to choose our job
• - Right to have children

12
10th Amendment

• States that any powers not given to the National
  govt. (Delegated Powers) are reserved or held by
  the states (Reserved Powers)?

13
Powers Clauses of the Bill of Rights

• The Bill of Rights has several important clauses
  that protect our Civil Liberties, including
• - Establishment Clause (1st Amend.)?
• - Free Exercise Clause (1st Amend.)?
• - Exclusionary Rule (4th Amend.)?
• - Self-Incrimination Clause (5th Amend.)?
• - Double Jeopardy Clause (5th Amend.)?
• - Confrontation Clause (6th Amend.)?
• - Implied Right to Privacy (3rd, 4th, 9th Amend.)?

14
Establishment Clause

• Govt. can not set up a church
• Can't pass laws that target/benefit one
  particular religion
• Can't force or deny religion to one person
• Can't sponsor a religion

15
Free Exercise Clause

• No punishments for religious beliefs or rituals
• No tax can be levied to support any religious
  activity or institution (like a school) that
  teaches religion

16
Examples of 1st Amendment Clauses

• Denies the following from happening
• Teaching the Bible in school
• Tax money to church-affiliated schools
• Prayer at graduation ceremonies
• Religious statues/plaques in govt. buildings and
  schools

17
Exclusionary Rule

• Govt. can not use material / information in a
  court of law if it was taken during an ILLEGAL
  search seizure

18
Self-Incrimination Clause

• No person can be forced to be a witness against
  themselves (I plead the 5th!)?

19
Double Jeopardy

• You can't be charged with the same crime twice
  once found guilty or innocent
• Exception In appeals from convicted person
  in jail (re-trial)?

20
Confrontation Clause

• The right to confront (question) a witness who is
  accusing you of a crime
• Important? Protection from - Lies - Heresay
  - Revenge
• Right to question
• credibility of witness

21
Implied Right to Privacy

• Ensures Private Domain
• What amendments imply the right to privacy?
• What are some example activities protected by
  this right?

22
Implied Right to Privacy

• Wire tapping without a warrant
• Right to have an abortion
• Protection from Illegal Search Seizure
• Right to home privacy (Video Surveillance,
  Vulgarity, Right to Die)?