This is Where You Type the Slide Title

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emil kraepelin (1898)
dementia praecox premature dementia

• paranoia (all delusions)

• hebephrenia

• catatonia

eugene bleuler (1908)
schizophrenia

• split mind

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schizophrenia
1 month of at least two of the following

• delusions

positive/psychosis

• hallucinations

• disorganized speech

disorganized

• disorganized behavior

• negative symptoms

negative
6 mo course includes prodromal or residual period
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schizophrenia symptoms
residual symptoms
prodromal symptoms
1 MO
5 MO
5 MO
6 mo course includes prodromal or residual period
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delusions
What types of schizophrenic delusions have you
heard of?
persecution grandeur control reference
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hallucinations
What kinds of schizophrenic hallucinations have
you heard of?
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disorganized speech
A.K.A. THOUGHT DISORDER

• tangentiality
• derailment
• neologisms
• clanging

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disorganization
DISORGANIZED BEHAVIOR inappropriate
affect bizarre behavior
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negative symptoms
alogia (few words) affective
flattening avolition (lack of motivation) social
withdrawal
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stats

• 1 prevalence

• equal sex ratio

• course better for women

age of onset
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brain abnormalities

• STRUCTURAL
• enlarged ventricles
• cytoarchitecture of frontal lobe
• FUNCTIONAL
• hypofrontality
• cognitive deficits of frontal lobe

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cognitive deficits
working memory perseveration disinhibiton
executive functions
endophenotypes
biological markers for disease genes e.g. eye
tracking
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genetics
disease risk in family twin
(also, equal risk in offspring of discordant MZ
twins)
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neurodevelopmental hypothesis
prenatal brain defect
environmental stressor in early adulthood
SZ


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2nd trimester
Flu Epidemics
1957 Kochi Japan 1949-1981 France 40 yr study
Finland Denmark
Starvation
1944-1945 WWII Dutch Winter 1959-1961 famine in
China
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DA pathways
nigrostriatal
substantia nigra gt striatum
mesocortical
VTA gt all cortical areas
mesolimbic
VTA gt limbic system
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medication
ANTIPSYCHOTICS (A.K.A. neuroleptics)
TYPICAL
ATYPICAL
treats - symptoms?
treats symptoms
side effect tardive dyskinesia
less side effects?
10x price

• 74 noncompliance w/in 18 mo

• extrapyramidal side effects

Parkinsonian symptoms tardive dyskinesia
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therapy

• token economy operant conditioning

• teach social skills give insight
• manage medication
• identify signs of impending relapse